philipnee commented on code in PR #14724:
URL: https://github.com/apache/kafka/pull/14724#discussion_r1411330545


##########
clients/src/main/java/org/apache/kafka/clients/ClientTelemetryReporter.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,952 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.kafka.clients;
+
+import io.opentelemetry.proto.metrics.v1.Metric;
+import io.opentelemetry.proto.metrics.v1.MetricsData;
+import io.opentelemetry.proto.metrics.v1.ResourceMetrics;
+import io.opentelemetry.proto.metrics.v1.ScopeMetrics;
+
+import org.apache.kafka.common.KafkaException;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.Uuid;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.errors.InterruptException;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.message.GetTelemetrySubscriptionsRequestData;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.message.GetTelemetrySubscriptionsResponseData;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.message.PushTelemetryRequestData;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.message.PushTelemetryResponseData;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.metrics.KafkaMetric;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.metrics.MetricsContext;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.metrics.MetricsReporter;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.protocol.ApiKeys;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.record.CompressionType;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.requests.AbstractRequest;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.requests.AbstractRequest.Builder;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.requests.GetTelemetrySubscriptionsRequest;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.requests.GetTelemetrySubscriptionsResponse;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.requests.PushTelemetryRequest;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.requests.PushTelemetryResponse;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.telemetry.ClientTelemetryState;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.telemetry.internals.ClientTelemetrySender;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.telemetry.internals.ClientTelemetryUtils;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.telemetry.internals.KafkaMetricsCollector;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.telemetry.internals.MetricKeyable;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.telemetry.internals.MetricsCollector;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.telemetry.internals.MetricsEmitter;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.telemetry.internals.SinglePointMetric;
+import 
org.apache.kafka.common.telemetry.internals.TelemetryMetricNamingConvention;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.utils.Time;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.utils.Utils;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.Optional;
+import java.util.StringJoiner;
+import java.util.concurrent.ThreadLocalRandom;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+import java.util.concurrent.locks.Condition;
+import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReadWriteLock;
+import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantReadWriteLock;
+import java.util.function.Predicate;
+
+/**
+ * The implementation of the {@link MetricsReporter} for client telemetry 
which manages the life-cycle
+ * of the client telemetry collection process. The client telemetry reporter 
is responsible for
+ * collecting the client telemetry data and sending it to the broker.
+ * <p>
+ *
+ * The client telemetry reporter is configured with a {@link 
ClientTelemetrySender} which is
+ * responsible for sending the client telemetry data to the broker. The client 
telemetry reporter
+ * will attempt to fetch the telemetry subscription information from the 
broker and send the
+ * telemetry data to the broker based on the subscription information.
+ * <p>
+ *
+ * The full life-cycle of the metric collection process is defined by a state 
machine in
+ * {@link ClientTelemetryState}. Each state is associated with a different set 
of operations.
+ * For example, the client telemetry reporter will attempt to fetch the 
telemetry subscription
+ * from the broker when in the {@link 
ClientTelemetryState#SUBSCRIPTION_NEEDED} state.
+ * If the push operation fails, the client telemetry reporter will attempt to 
re-fetch the
+ * subscription information by setting the state back to {@link 
ClientTelemetryState#SUBSCRIPTION_NEEDED}.
+ * <p>
+ *
+ * In an unlikely scenario, if a bad state transition is detected, an
+ * {@link IllegalStateException} will be thrown.
+ * <p>
+ *
+ * The state transition follows the following steps in order:
+ * <ol>
+ *     <li>{@link ClientTelemetryState#SUBSCRIPTION_NEEDED}</li>
+ *     <li>{@link ClientTelemetryState#SUBSCRIPTION_IN_PROGRESS}</li>
+ *     <li>{@link ClientTelemetryState#PUSH_NEEDED}</li>
+ *     <li>{@link ClientTelemetryState#PUSH_IN_PROGRESS}</li>
+ *     <li>{@link ClientTelemetryState#TERMINATING_PUSH_NEEDED}</li>
+ *     <li>{@link ClientTelemetryState#TERMINATING_PUSH_IN_PROGRESS}</li>
+ *     <li>{@link ClientTelemetryState#TERMINATED}</li>
+ * </ol>
+ * <p>
+ *
+ * For more detail in state transition, see {@link 
ClientTelemetryState#validateTransition}.
+ */
+public class ClientTelemetryReporter implements MetricsReporter {
+
+    private static final Logger log = 
LoggerFactory.getLogger(ClientTelemetryReporter.class);
+    public static final int DEFAULT_PUSH_INTERVAL_MS = 5 * 60 * 1000;
+
+    private final ClientTelemetryProvider telemetryProvider;
+    private final ClientTelemetrySender clientTelemetrySender;
+    private final Time time;
+
+    private Map<String, Object> rawOriginalConfig;
+    private KafkaMetricsCollector kafkaMetricsCollector;
+
+    public ClientTelemetryReporter(Time time) {
+        this.time = time;
+        telemetryProvider = new ClientTelemetryProvider();
+        clientTelemetrySender = new DefaultClientTelemetrySender();
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    @Override
+    public synchronized void configure(Map<String, ?> configs) {
+        rawOriginalConfig = (Map<String, Object>) 
Objects.requireNonNull(configs);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public synchronized void contextChange(MetricsContext metricsContext) {
+        /*
+          If validation succeeds: initialize the provider, start the metric 
collection task,
+          set metrics labels for services/libraries that expose metrics.
+         */
+        Objects.requireNonNull(rawOriginalConfig, "configure() was not called 
before contextChange()");
+        if (kafkaMetricsCollector != null) {
+            kafkaMetricsCollector.stop();
+        }
+
+        if (!telemetryProvider.validate(metricsContext)) {
+            log.warn("Validation failed for {} context {}, skip starting 
collectors. Metrics collection is disabled",
+                    telemetryProvider.getClass(), 
metricsContext.contextLabels());
+            return;
+        }
+
+        if (kafkaMetricsCollector == null) {
+            // Initialize the provider only once. contextChange(..) can be 
called more than once,
+            // but once it's been initialized and all necessary labels are 
present then we don't
+            // re-initialize.
+            telemetryProvider.configure(rawOriginalConfig);
+        }
+
+        telemetryProvider.contextChange(metricsContext);
+
+        if (kafkaMetricsCollector == null) {
+            initCollectors();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void init(List<KafkaMetric> metrics) {
+        // metrics collector may not have been initialized (e.g. invalid 
context labels)
+        // in which case metrics collection is disabled
+        if (kafkaMetricsCollector != null) {
+            kafkaMetricsCollector.init(metrics);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Method is invoked whenever a metric is added/registered
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void metricChange(KafkaMetric metric) {
+        // metrics collector may not have been initialized (e.g. invalid 
context labels)
+        // in which case metrics collection is disabled
+        if (kafkaMetricsCollector != null) {
+            kafkaMetricsCollector.metricChange(metric);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Method is invoked whenever a metric is removed
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void metricRemoval(KafkaMetric metric) {
+        // metrics collector may not have been initialized (e.g. invalid 
context labels)
+        // in which case metrics collection is disabled
+        if (kafkaMetricsCollector != null) {
+            kafkaMetricsCollector.metricRemoval(metric);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void close() {
+        log.debug("Stopping ClientTelemetryReporter");
+        try {
+            clientTelemetrySender.close();
+        } catch (Exception exception) {
+            log.error("Failed to close client telemetry reporter", exception);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public synchronized void updateMetricsLabels(Map<String, String> labels) {
+        telemetryProvider.updateLabels(labels);
+    }
+
+    public void initiateClose(long timeoutMs) {
+        log.debug("Initiate close of ClientTelemetryReporter");
+        try {
+            clientTelemetrySender.initiateClose(timeoutMs);
+        } catch (Exception exception) {
+            log.error("Failed to initiate close of client telemetry reporter", 
exception);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public ClientTelemetrySender telemetrySender() {
+        return clientTelemetrySender;
+    }
+
+    private void initCollectors() {
+        kafkaMetricsCollector = new KafkaMetricsCollector(
+            
TelemetryMetricNamingConvention.getClientTelemetryMetricNamingStrategy(
+                telemetryProvider.domain()));
+    }
+
+    private ResourceMetrics buildMetric(Metric metric) {
+        return ResourceMetrics.newBuilder()
+            .setResource(telemetryProvider.resource())
+            .addScopeMetrics(ScopeMetrics.newBuilder()
+                .addMetrics(metric)
+                .build()).build();
+    }
+
+    // Visible for testing, only for unit tests
+    MetricsCollector metricsCollector() {
+        return kafkaMetricsCollector;
+    }
+
+    // Visible for testing, only for unit tests
+    ClientTelemetryProvider telemetryProvider() {
+        return telemetryProvider;
+    }
+
+    class DefaultClientTelemetrySender implements ClientTelemetrySender {
+
+        /*
+         These are the lower and upper bounds of the jitter that we apply to 
the initial push
+         telemetry API call. This helps to avoid a flood of requests all 
coming at the same time.
+        */
+        private final static double INITIAL_PUSH_JITTER_LOWER = 0.5;
+        private final static double INITIAL_PUSH_JITTER_UPPER = 1.5;
+
+        private final ReadWriteLock lock = new ReentrantReadWriteLock();
+        private final Condition subscriptionLoaded = 
lock.writeLock().newCondition();
+        private final Condition terminalPushInProgress = 
lock.writeLock().newCondition();
+        /*
+         Initial state should be subscription needed which should allow 
issuing first telemetry
+         request of get telemetry subscription.
+        */
+        private ClientTelemetryState state = 
ClientTelemetryState.SUBSCRIPTION_NEEDED;
+
+        private ClientTelemetrySubscription subscription;
+
+        /*
+         Last time a telemetry request was made. Initialized to 0 to indicate 
that no request has
+         been made yet. Telemetry requests, get or post, should always be made 
after the push interval
+         time has elapsed.
+        */
+        private long lastRequestMs;
+        /*
+         Interval between telemetry requests in milliseconds. Initialized to 0 
to indicate that the
+         interval has not yet been computed. The first get request will be 
immediately triggered as
+         soon as the client is ready.
+        */
+        private int intervalMs;
+        /*
+         Whether the client telemetry sender is enabled or not. Initialized to 
true to indicate that
+         the client telemetry sender is enabled. This is used to disable the 
client telemetry sender
+         when the client receives unrecoverable error from broker.
+        */
+        private boolean enabled;
+
+        private DefaultClientTelemetrySender() {
+            enabled = true;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public long timeToNextUpdate(long requestTimeoutMs) {
+            final long now = time.milliseconds();
+            final ClientTelemetryState localState;
+            final long localLastRequestMs;
+            final int localIntervalMs;
+
+            lock.readLock().lock();
+            try {
+                if (!enabled) {
+                    return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+                }
+
+                localState = state;
+                localLastRequestMs = lastRequestMs;
+                localIntervalMs = intervalMs;
+            } finally {
+                lock.readLock().unlock();
+            }
+
+            final long timeMs;
+            final String apiName;
+            final String msg;
+
+            switch (localState) {
+                case SUBSCRIPTION_IN_PROGRESS:
+                case PUSH_IN_PROGRESS:
+                    /*
+                     We have a network request in progress. We record the time 
of the request
+                     submission, so wait that amount of the time PLUS the 
requestTimeout that
+                     is provided.
+                    */
+                    apiName = (localState == 
ClientTelemetryState.SUBSCRIPTION_IN_PROGRESS) ? 
ApiKeys.GET_TELEMETRY_SUBSCRIPTIONS.name : ApiKeys.PUSH_TELEMETRY.name;
+                    timeMs = requestTimeoutMs;
+                    msg = String.format("the remaining wait time for the %s 
network API request, as specified by %s", apiName, 
CommonClientConfigs.REQUEST_TIMEOUT_MS_CONFIG);
+                    break;
+                case TERMINATING_PUSH_IN_PROGRESS:
+                    timeMs = Long.MAX_VALUE;
+                    msg = String.format("the terminating push is in progress, 
disabling telemetry for further requests");
+                    break;
+                case TERMINATING_PUSH_NEEDED:
+                    timeMs = 0;
+                    msg = String.format("the client should try to submit the 
final %s network API request ASAP before closing", ApiKeys.PUSH_TELEMETRY.name);
+                    break;
+                case SUBSCRIPTION_NEEDED:
+                case PUSH_NEEDED:
+                    apiName = (localState == 
ClientTelemetryState.SUBSCRIPTION_NEEDED) ? 
ApiKeys.GET_TELEMETRY_SUBSCRIPTIONS.name : ApiKeys.PUSH_TELEMETRY.name;
+                    long timeRemainingBeforeRequest = localLastRequestMs + 
localIntervalMs - now;
+                    if (timeRemainingBeforeRequest <= 0) {
+                        timeMs = 0;
+                        msg = String.format("the wait time before submitting 
the next %s network API request has elapsed", apiName);
+                    } else {
+                        timeMs = timeRemainingBeforeRequest;
+                        msg = String.format("the client will wait before 
submitting the next %s network API request", apiName);
+                    }
+                    break;
+                default:
+                    throw new IllegalStateException("Unknown telemetry state: 
" + localState);
+            }
+
+            log.debug("For telemetry state {}, returning the value {} ms; {}", 
localState, timeMs, msg);
+            return timeMs;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public Optional<AbstractRequest.Builder<?>> createRequest() {
+            final ClientTelemetryState localState;
+            final ClientTelemetrySubscription localSubscription;
+
+            lock.readLock().lock();
+            try {
+                localState = state;
+                localSubscription = subscription;
+            } finally {
+                lock.readLock().unlock();
+            }
+
+            if (localState == ClientTelemetryState.SUBSCRIPTION_NEEDED) {
+                return createSubscriptionRequest(localSubscription);
+            } else if (localState == ClientTelemetryState.PUSH_NEEDED || 
localState == ClientTelemetryState.TERMINATING_PUSH_NEEDED) {
+                return createPushRequest(localSubscription);
+            }
+
+            log.warn("Cannot make telemetry request as telemetry is in state: 
{}", localState);
+            return Optional.empty();
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void handleResponse(GetTelemetrySubscriptionsResponse response) 
{
+            final long now = time.milliseconds();
+            final GetTelemetrySubscriptionsResponseData data = response.data();
+
+            final ClientTelemetryState oldState;
+            final ClientTelemetrySubscription oldSubscription;
+            lock.readLock().lock();
+            try {
+                oldState = state;
+                oldSubscription = subscription;
+            } finally {
+                lock.readLock().unlock();
+            }
+
+            Optional<Integer> errorIntervalMsOpt = 
ClientTelemetryUtils.maybeFetchErrorIntervalMs(data.errorCode(),
+                oldSubscription != null ? oldSubscription.pushIntervalMs() : 
-1);
+            // If the error code indicates that the interval ms needs to be 
updated as per the error
+            // code then update the interval ms and state so that the 
subscription can be retried.
+            if (errorIntervalMsOpt.isPresent()) {
+                // Update the state from SUBSCRIPTION_INR_PROGRESS to 
SUBSCRIPTION_NEEDED as the error
+                // response indicates that the subscription is not valid.
+                if (!maybeSetState(ClientTelemetryState.SUBSCRIPTION_NEEDED)) {
+                    log.error("Unable to transition state after failed get 
telemetry subscriptions from state {}", oldState);
+                }
+                updateErrorResult(errorIntervalMsOpt.get(), now);
+                return;
+            }
+
+            Uuid clientInstanceId = 
ClientTelemetryUtils.validateClientInstanceId(data.clientInstanceId());
+            int intervalMs = 
ClientTelemetryUtils.validateIntervalMs(data.pushIntervalMs());
+            Predicate<? super MetricKeyable> selector = 
ClientTelemetryUtils.getSelectorFromRequestedMetrics(
+                data.requestedMetrics());
+            List<CompressionType> acceptedCompressionTypes = 
ClientTelemetryUtils.getCompressionTypesFromAcceptedList(
+                data.acceptedCompressionTypes());
+
+            // Check if the delta temporality has changed, if so, we need to 
reset the ledger tracking
+            // the last value sent for each metric.
+            if (oldSubscription != null && oldSubscription.deltaTemporality() 
!= data.deltaTemporality()) {
+                log.info("Delta temporality has changed from {} to {}, 
resetting metric values",
+                    oldSubscription.deltaTemporality(), 
data.deltaTemporality());
+                if (kafkaMetricsCollector != null) {
+                    kafkaMetricsCollector.metricsReset();
+                }
+            }
+
+            ClientTelemetrySubscription clientTelemetrySubscription = new 
ClientTelemetrySubscription(
+                clientInstanceId,
+                data.subscriptionId(),
+                intervalMs,
+                acceptedCompressionTypes,
+                data.deltaTemporality(),
+                selector);
+
+            lock.writeLock().lock();
+            try {
+                // This is the case if we began termination sometime after the 
subscription request
+                // was issued. We're just now getting our callback, but we 
need to ignore it.
+                if (isTerminatingState()) {
+                    return;
+                }
+
+                ClientTelemetryState newState;
+                if (selector == ClientTelemetryUtils.SELECTOR_NO_METRICS) {
+                    // This is the case where no metrics are requested and/or 
match the filters. We need
+                    // to wait intervalMs then retry.
+                    newState = ClientTelemetryState.SUBSCRIPTION_NEEDED;
+                } else {
+                    newState = ClientTelemetryState.PUSH_NEEDED;
+                }
+
+                // If we're terminating, don't update state or set the 
subscription.
+                if (!maybeSetState(newState)) {
+                    return;
+                }
+
+                updateSubscriptionResult(clientTelemetrySubscription, now);
+                log.info("Client telemetry registered with client instance id: 
{}", subscription.clientInstanceId());
+            } finally {
+                lock.writeLock().unlock();
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void handleResponse(PushTelemetryResponse response) {
+            final long now = time.milliseconds();
+            final PushTelemetryResponseData data = response.data();
+
+            lock.writeLock().lock();
+            try {
+                Optional<Integer> errorIntervalMsOpt = 
ClientTelemetryUtils.maybeFetchErrorIntervalMs(data.errorCode(),
+                    subscription.pushIntervalMs());
+                // If the error code indicates that the interval ms needs to 
be updated as per the error
+                // code then update the interval ms and state so that the 
subscription can be re-fetched,
+                // and the push retried.
+                if (errorIntervalMsOpt.isPresent()) {
+                    // This is the case when client began termination sometime 
after the last push request
+                    // was issued. Just getting the callback, hence need to 
ignore it.
+                    if (isTerminatingState()) {
+                        return;
+                    }
+
+                    if 
(!maybeSetState(ClientTelemetryState.SUBSCRIPTION_NEEDED)) {
+                        log.error("Unable to transition state after failed 
push telemetry from state {}", state);
+                    }
+                    updateErrorResult(errorIntervalMsOpt.get(), now);
+                    return;
+                }
+
+                lastRequestMs = now;
+                intervalMs = subscription.pushIntervalMs();
+                if (!maybeSetState(ClientTelemetryState.PUSH_NEEDED)) {
+                    log.error("Unable to transition state after successful 
push telemetry from state {}", state);
+                }
+            } finally {
+                lock.writeLock().unlock();
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void 
handleFailedGetTelemetrySubscriptionsRequest(KafkaException 
maybeFatalException) {
+            log.warn("The broker generated an error for the get telemetry 
network API request", maybeFatalException);
+            handleFailedRequest(maybeFatalException != null);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void handleFailedPushTelemetryRequest(KafkaException 
maybeFatalException) {
+            log.warn("The broker generated an error for the push telemetry 
network API request", maybeFatalException);
+            handleFailedRequest(maybeFatalException != null);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public Optional<Uuid> clientInstanceId(Duration timeout) {
+            final long timeoutMs = timeout.toMillis();
+            if (timeoutMs < 0) {
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("The timeout cannot be 
negative for fetching client instance id.");
+            }
+
+            lock.writeLock().lock();
+            try {
+                if (subscription == null) {
+                    // If we have a non-negative timeout and no-subscription, 
let's wait for one to be retrieved.
+                    log.debug("Waiting for telemetry subscription containing 
the client instance ID with timeoutMillis = {} ms.", timeoutMs);
+                    try {
+                        if (!subscriptionLoaded.await(timeoutMs, 
TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)) {
+                            log.debug("Wait for telemetry subscription 
elapsed; may not have actually loaded it");
+                        }
+                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+                        throw new InterruptException(e);
+                    }
+                }
+
+                if (subscription == null) {
+                    log.debug("Client instance ID could not be retrieved with 
timeout {}", timeout);
+                    return Optional.empty();
+                }
+
+                Uuid clientInstanceId = subscription.clientInstanceId();
+                if (clientInstanceId == null) {
+                    log.info("Client instance ID was null in telemetry 
subscription while in state {}", state);
+                    return Optional.empty();
+                }
+
+                return Optional.of(clientInstanceId);
+            } finally {
+                lock.writeLock().unlock();
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void close() {
+            log.debug("close telemetry sender for client telemetry reporter 
instance");
+
+            boolean shouldClose = false;
+            lock.writeLock().lock();
+            try {
+                if (state != ClientTelemetryState.TERMINATED) {
+                    if (maybeSetState(ClientTelemetryState.TERMINATED)) {
+                        shouldClose = true;
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    log.debug("Ignoring subsequent close");
+                }
+            } finally {
+                lock.writeLock().unlock();
+            }
+
+            if (shouldClose) {
+                if (kafkaMetricsCollector != null) {
+                    kafkaMetricsCollector.stop();
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void initiateClose(long timeoutMs) {
+            log.debug("initiate close for client telemetry, check if terminal 
push required. Timeout {} ms.", timeoutMs);
+
+            lock.writeLock().lock();
+            try {
+                // If we never fetched a subscription, we can't really push 
anything.
+                if (lastRequestMs == 0) {
+                    log.debug("Telemetry subscription not loaded, not 
attempting terminating push");
+                    return;
+                }
+
+                if (state == ClientTelemetryState.SUBSCRIPTION_NEEDED) {
+                    log.debug("Subscription not yet loaded, ignoring terminal 
push");
+                    return;
+                }
+
+                if (isTerminatingState() || 
!maybeSetState(ClientTelemetryState.TERMINATING_PUSH_NEEDED)) {
+                    log.debug("Ignoring subsequent initiateClose");
+                    return;
+                }
+
+                try {
+                    log.info("About to wait {} ms. for terminal telemetry push 
to be submitted", timeoutMs);
+                    if (!terminalPushInProgress.await(timeoutMs, 
TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)) {
+                        log.info("Wait for terminal telemetry push to be 
submitted has elapsed; may not have actually sent request");
+                    }
+                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+                    log.warn("Error during client telemetry close", e);
+                }
+            } finally {
+                lock.writeLock().unlock();
+            }
+        }
+
+        private Optional<Builder<?>> 
createSubscriptionRequest(ClientTelemetrySubscription localSubscription) {
+            // If we've previously retrieved a subscription, it will contain 
the client instance ID
+            // that the broker assigned. Otherwise, per KIP-714, we send a 
special "null" UUID to
+            // signal to the broker that we need to have a client instance ID 
assigned.
+            Uuid clientInstanceId = (localSubscription != null) ? 
localSubscription.clientInstanceId() : Uuid.ZERO_UUID;
+
+            lock.writeLock().lock();
+            try {
+                if (isTerminatingState()) {
+                    return Optional.empty();
+                }
+
+                if 
(!maybeSetState(ClientTelemetryState.SUBSCRIPTION_IN_PROGRESS)) {
+                    return Optional.empty();
+                }
+            } finally {
+                lock.writeLock().unlock();
+            }
+
+            AbstractRequest.Builder<?> requestBuilder = new 
GetTelemetrySubscriptionsRequest.Builder(
+                new 
GetTelemetrySubscriptionsRequestData().setClientInstanceId(clientInstanceId), 
true);
+            return Optional.of(requestBuilder);
+        }
+
+        private Optional<Builder<?>> 
createPushRequest(ClientTelemetrySubscription localSubscription) {
+            if (localSubscription == null) {
+                log.warn("Telemetry state is {} but subscription is null; not 
sending telemetry", state);
+                if (!maybeSetState(ClientTelemetryState.SUBSCRIPTION_NEEDED)) {
+                    log.error("Unable to transition state after failed create 
push telemetry from state {}", state);
+                }
+                return Optional.empty();
+            }
+
+            // Don't send a push request if we don't have the collector 
initialized. Re-attempt
+            // the push on the next interval.
+            if (kafkaMetricsCollector == null) {
+                log.warn("Cannot make telemetry request as collector is not 
initialized");
+                // Update last accessed time for push request to be retried on 
next interval.
+                updateErrorResult(localSubscription.pushIntervalMs, 
time.milliseconds());
+                return Optional.empty();
+            }
+
+            boolean terminating;
+            lock.writeLock().lock();
+            try {
+                // We've already been terminated, or we've already issued our 
last push, so we
+                // should just exit now.
+                if (state == ClientTelemetryState.TERMINATED || state == 
ClientTelemetryState.TERMINATING_PUSH_IN_PROGRESS) {
+                    return Optional.empty();
+                }
+
+                // Check the *actual* state (while locked) to make sure we're 
still in the state
+                // we expect to be in.
+                terminating = state == 
ClientTelemetryState.TERMINATING_PUSH_NEEDED;
+                if (!maybeSetState(terminating ? 
ClientTelemetryState.TERMINATING_PUSH_IN_PROGRESS : 
ClientTelemetryState.PUSH_IN_PROGRESS)) {
+                    return Optional.empty();
+                }
+            } finally {
+                lock.writeLock().unlock();
+            }
+
+            byte[] payload;
+            try (MetricsEmitter emitter = new 
ClientTelemetryEmitter(localSubscription.selector(), 
localSubscription.deltaTemporality())) {
+                emitter.init();
+                kafkaMetricsCollector.collect(emitter);
+                payload = createPayload(emitter.emittedMetrics());
+            }
+
+            CompressionType compressionType = 
ClientTelemetryUtils.preferredCompressionType(localSubscription.acceptedCompressionTypes());
+            ByteBuffer buffer = ClientTelemetryUtils.compress(payload, 
compressionType);
+
+            AbstractRequest.Builder<?> requestBuilder = new 
PushTelemetryRequest.Builder(
+                new PushTelemetryRequestData()
+                    .setClientInstanceId(localSubscription.clientInstanceId())
+                    .setSubscriptionId(localSubscription.subscriptionId())
+                    .setTerminating(terminating)
+                    .setCompressionType(compressionType.id)
+                    .setMetrics(Utils.readBytes(buffer)), true);
+
+            return Optional.of(requestBuilder);
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Updates the {@link ClientTelemetrySubscription}, {@link 
#intervalMs}, and
+         * {@link #lastRequestMs}.
+         * <p>
+         * The entire contents of the method are guarded by the {@link #lock}.

Review Comment:
   not sure this is needed as it is quite apparent 😅



##########
clients/src/main/java/org/apache/kafka/clients/ClientTelemetryReporter.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,952 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.kafka.clients;
+
+import io.opentelemetry.proto.metrics.v1.Metric;
+import io.opentelemetry.proto.metrics.v1.MetricsData;
+import io.opentelemetry.proto.metrics.v1.ResourceMetrics;
+import io.opentelemetry.proto.metrics.v1.ScopeMetrics;
+
+import org.apache.kafka.common.KafkaException;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.Uuid;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.errors.InterruptException;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.message.GetTelemetrySubscriptionsRequestData;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.message.GetTelemetrySubscriptionsResponseData;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.message.PushTelemetryRequestData;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.message.PushTelemetryResponseData;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.metrics.KafkaMetric;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.metrics.MetricsContext;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.metrics.MetricsReporter;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.protocol.ApiKeys;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.record.CompressionType;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.requests.AbstractRequest;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.requests.AbstractRequest.Builder;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.requests.GetTelemetrySubscriptionsRequest;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.requests.GetTelemetrySubscriptionsResponse;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.requests.PushTelemetryRequest;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.requests.PushTelemetryResponse;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.telemetry.ClientTelemetryState;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.telemetry.internals.ClientTelemetrySender;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.telemetry.internals.ClientTelemetryUtils;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.telemetry.internals.KafkaMetricsCollector;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.telemetry.internals.MetricKeyable;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.telemetry.internals.MetricsCollector;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.telemetry.internals.MetricsEmitter;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.telemetry.internals.SinglePointMetric;
+import 
org.apache.kafka.common.telemetry.internals.TelemetryMetricNamingConvention;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.utils.Time;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.utils.Utils;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.Optional;
+import java.util.StringJoiner;
+import java.util.concurrent.ThreadLocalRandom;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+import java.util.concurrent.locks.Condition;
+import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReadWriteLock;
+import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantReadWriteLock;
+import java.util.function.Predicate;
+
+/**
+ * The implementation of the {@link MetricsReporter} for client telemetry 
which manages the life-cycle
+ * of the client telemetry collection process. The client telemetry reporter 
is responsible for
+ * collecting the client telemetry data and sending it to the broker.
+ * <p>
+ *
+ * The client telemetry reporter is configured with a {@link 
ClientTelemetrySender} which is
+ * responsible for sending the client telemetry data to the broker. The client 
telemetry reporter
+ * will attempt to fetch the telemetry subscription information from the 
broker and send the
+ * telemetry data to the broker based on the subscription information.
+ * <p>
+ *
+ * The full life-cycle of the metric collection process is defined by a state 
machine in
+ * {@link ClientTelemetryState}. Each state is associated with a different set 
of operations.
+ * For example, the client telemetry reporter will attempt to fetch the 
telemetry subscription
+ * from the broker when in the {@link 
ClientTelemetryState#SUBSCRIPTION_NEEDED} state.
+ * If the push operation fails, the client telemetry reporter will attempt to 
re-fetch the
+ * subscription information by setting the state back to {@link 
ClientTelemetryState#SUBSCRIPTION_NEEDED}.
+ * <p>
+ *
+ * In an unlikely scenario, if a bad state transition is detected, an
+ * {@link IllegalStateException} will be thrown.
+ * <p>
+ *
+ * The state transition follows the following steps in order:
+ * <ol>
+ *     <li>{@link ClientTelemetryState#SUBSCRIPTION_NEEDED}</li>
+ *     <li>{@link ClientTelemetryState#SUBSCRIPTION_IN_PROGRESS}</li>
+ *     <li>{@link ClientTelemetryState#PUSH_NEEDED}</li>
+ *     <li>{@link ClientTelemetryState#PUSH_IN_PROGRESS}</li>
+ *     <li>{@link ClientTelemetryState#TERMINATING_PUSH_NEEDED}</li>
+ *     <li>{@link ClientTelemetryState#TERMINATING_PUSH_IN_PROGRESS}</li>
+ *     <li>{@link ClientTelemetryState#TERMINATED}</li>
+ * </ol>
+ * <p>
+ *
+ * For more detail in state transition, see {@link 
ClientTelemetryState#validateTransition}.
+ */
+public class ClientTelemetryReporter implements MetricsReporter {
+
+    private static final Logger log = 
LoggerFactory.getLogger(ClientTelemetryReporter.class);
+    public static final int DEFAULT_PUSH_INTERVAL_MS = 5 * 60 * 1000;
+
+    private final ClientTelemetryProvider telemetryProvider;
+    private final ClientTelemetrySender clientTelemetrySender;
+    private final Time time;
+
+    private Map<String, Object> rawOriginalConfig;
+    private KafkaMetricsCollector kafkaMetricsCollector;
+
+    public ClientTelemetryReporter(Time time) {
+        this.time = time;
+        telemetryProvider = new ClientTelemetryProvider();
+        clientTelemetrySender = new DefaultClientTelemetrySender();
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    @Override
+    public synchronized void configure(Map<String, ?> configs) {
+        rawOriginalConfig = (Map<String, Object>) 
Objects.requireNonNull(configs);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public synchronized void contextChange(MetricsContext metricsContext) {
+        /*
+          If validation succeeds: initialize the provider, start the metric 
collection task,
+          set metrics labels for services/libraries that expose metrics.
+         */
+        Objects.requireNonNull(rawOriginalConfig, "configure() was not called 
before contextChange()");
+        if (kafkaMetricsCollector != null) {
+            kafkaMetricsCollector.stop();
+        }
+
+        if (!telemetryProvider.validate(metricsContext)) {
+            log.warn("Validation failed for {} context {}, skip starting 
collectors. Metrics collection is disabled",
+                    telemetryProvider.getClass(), 
metricsContext.contextLabels());
+            return;
+        }
+
+        if (kafkaMetricsCollector == null) {
+            // Initialize the provider only once. contextChange(..) can be 
called more than once,
+            // but once it's been initialized and all necessary labels are 
present then we don't
+            // re-initialize.
+            telemetryProvider.configure(rawOriginalConfig);
+        }
+
+        telemetryProvider.contextChange(metricsContext);
+
+        if (kafkaMetricsCollector == null) {
+            initCollectors();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void init(List<KafkaMetric> metrics) {
+        // metrics collector may not have been initialized (e.g. invalid 
context labels)
+        // in which case metrics collection is disabled
+        if (kafkaMetricsCollector != null) {
+            kafkaMetricsCollector.init(metrics);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Method is invoked whenever a metric is added/registered
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void metricChange(KafkaMetric metric) {
+        // metrics collector may not have been initialized (e.g. invalid 
context labels)
+        // in which case metrics collection is disabled
+        if (kafkaMetricsCollector != null) {
+            kafkaMetricsCollector.metricChange(metric);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Method is invoked whenever a metric is removed
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void metricRemoval(KafkaMetric metric) {
+        // metrics collector may not have been initialized (e.g. invalid 
context labels)
+        // in which case metrics collection is disabled
+        if (kafkaMetricsCollector != null) {
+            kafkaMetricsCollector.metricRemoval(metric);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void close() {
+        log.debug("Stopping ClientTelemetryReporter");
+        try {
+            clientTelemetrySender.close();
+        } catch (Exception exception) {
+            log.error("Failed to close client telemetry reporter", exception);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public synchronized void updateMetricsLabels(Map<String, String> labels) {
+        telemetryProvider.updateLabels(labels);
+    }
+
+    public void initiateClose(long timeoutMs) {
+        log.debug("Initiate close of ClientTelemetryReporter");
+        try {
+            clientTelemetrySender.initiateClose(timeoutMs);
+        } catch (Exception exception) {
+            log.error("Failed to initiate close of client telemetry reporter", 
exception);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public ClientTelemetrySender telemetrySender() {
+        return clientTelemetrySender;
+    }
+
+    private void initCollectors() {
+        kafkaMetricsCollector = new KafkaMetricsCollector(
+            
TelemetryMetricNamingConvention.getClientTelemetryMetricNamingStrategy(
+                telemetryProvider.domain()));
+    }
+
+    private ResourceMetrics buildMetric(Metric metric) {
+        return ResourceMetrics.newBuilder()
+            .setResource(telemetryProvider.resource())
+            .addScopeMetrics(ScopeMetrics.newBuilder()
+                .addMetrics(metric)
+                .build()).build();
+    }
+
+    // Visible for testing, only for unit tests
+    MetricsCollector metricsCollector() {
+        return kafkaMetricsCollector;
+    }
+
+    // Visible for testing, only for unit tests
+    ClientTelemetryProvider telemetryProvider() {
+        return telemetryProvider;
+    }
+
+    class DefaultClientTelemetrySender implements ClientTelemetrySender {
+
+        /*
+         These are the lower and upper bounds of the jitter that we apply to 
the initial push
+         telemetry API call. This helps to avoid a flood of requests all 
coming at the same time.
+        */
+        private final static double INITIAL_PUSH_JITTER_LOWER = 0.5;
+        private final static double INITIAL_PUSH_JITTER_UPPER = 1.5;
+
+        private final ReadWriteLock lock = new ReentrantReadWriteLock();
+        private final Condition subscriptionLoaded = 
lock.writeLock().newCondition();
+        private final Condition terminalPushInProgress = 
lock.writeLock().newCondition();
+        /*
+         Initial state should be subscription needed which should allow 
issuing first telemetry
+         request of get telemetry subscription.
+        */
+        private ClientTelemetryState state = 
ClientTelemetryState.SUBSCRIPTION_NEEDED;
+
+        private ClientTelemetrySubscription subscription;
+
+        /*
+         Last time a telemetry request was made. Initialized to 0 to indicate 
that no request has
+         been made yet. Telemetry requests, get or post, should always be made 
after the push interval
+         time has elapsed.
+        */
+        private long lastRequestMs;
+        /*
+         Interval between telemetry requests in milliseconds. Initialized to 0 
to indicate that the
+         interval has not yet been computed. The first get request will be 
immediately triggered as
+         soon as the client is ready.
+        */
+        private int intervalMs;
+        /*
+         Whether the client telemetry sender is enabled or not. Initialized to 
true to indicate that
+         the client telemetry sender is enabled. This is used to disable the 
client telemetry sender
+         when the client receives unrecoverable error from broker.
+        */
+        private boolean enabled;
+
+        private DefaultClientTelemetrySender() {
+            enabled = true;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public long timeToNextUpdate(long requestTimeoutMs) {
+            final long now = time.milliseconds();
+            final ClientTelemetryState localState;
+            final long localLastRequestMs;
+            final int localIntervalMs;
+
+            lock.readLock().lock();
+            try {
+                if (!enabled) {
+                    return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+                }
+
+                localState = state;
+                localLastRequestMs = lastRequestMs;
+                localIntervalMs = intervalMs;
+            } finally {
+                lock.readLock().unlock();
+            }
+
+            final long timeMs;
+            final String apiName;
+            final String msg;
+
+            switch (localState) {
+                case SUBSCRIPTION_IN_PROGRESS:
+                case PUSH_IN_PROGRESS:
+                    /*
+                     We have a network request in progress. We record the time 
of the request
+                     submission, so wait that amount of the time PLUS the 
requestTimeout that
+                     is provided.
+                    */
+                    apiName = (localState == 
ClientTelemetryState.SUBSCRIPTION_IN_PROGRESS) ? 
ApiKeys.GET_TELEMETRY_SUBSCRIPTIONS.name : ApiKeys.PUSH_TELEMETRY.name;
+                    timeMs = requestTimeoutMs;
+                    msg = String.format("the remaining wait time for the %s 
network API request, as specified by %s", apiName, 
CommonClientConfigs.REQUEST_TIMEOUT_MS_CONFIG);
+                    break;
+                case TERMINATING_PUSH_IN_PROGRESS:
+                    timeMs = Long.MAX_VALUE;
+                    msg = String.format("the terminating push is in progress, 
disabling telemetry for further requests");
+                    break;
+                case TERMINATING_PUSH_NEEDED:
+                    timeMs = 0;
+                    msg = String.format("the client should try to submit the 
final %s network API request ASAP before closing", ApiKeys.PUSH_TELEMETRY.name);
+                    break;
+                case SUBSCRIPTION_NEEDED:
+                case PUSH_NEEDED:
+                    apiName = (localState == 
ClientTelemetryState.SUBSCRIPTION_NEEDED) ? 
ApiKeys.GET_TELEMETRY_SUBSCRIPTIONS.name : ApiKeys.PUSH_TELEMETRY.name;
+                    long timeRemainingBeforeRequest = localLastRequestMs + 
localIntervalMs - now;
+                    if (timeRemainingBeforeRequest <= 0) {
+                        timeMs = 0;
+                        msg = String.format("the wait time before submitting 
the next %s network API request has elapsed", apiName);
+                    } else {
+                        timeMs = timeRemainingBeforeRequest;
+                        msg = String.format("the client will wait before 
submitting the next %s network API request", apiName);
+                    }
+                    break;
+                default:
+                    throw new IllegalStateException("Unknown telemetry state: 
" + localState);
+            }
+
+            log.debug("For telemetry state {}, returning the value {} ms; {}", 
localState, timeMs, msg);
+            return timeMs;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public Optional<AbstractRequest.Builder<?>> createRequest() {
+            final ClientTelemetryState localState;
+            final ClientTelemetrySubscription localSubscription;
+
+            lock.readLock().lock();
+            try {
+                localState = state;
+                localSubscription = subscription;
+            } finally {
+                lock.readLock().unlock();
+            }
+
+            if (localState == ClientTelemetryState.SUBSCRIPTION_NEEDED) {
+                return createSubscriptionRequest(localSubscription);
+            } else if (localState == ClientTelemetryState.PUSH_NEEDED || 
localState == ClientTelemetryState.TERMINATING_PUSH_NEEDED) {
+                return createPushRequest(localSubscription);
+            }
+
+            log.warn("Cannot make telemetry request as telemetry is in state: 
{}", localState);
+            return Optional.empty();
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void handleResponse(GetTelemetrySubscriptionsResponse response) 
{
+            final long now = time.milliseconds();
+            final GetTelemetrySubscriptionsResponseData data = response.data();
+
+            final ClientTelemetryState oldState;
+            final ClientTelemetrySubscription oldSubscription;
+            lock.readLock().lock();
+            try {
+                oldState = state;
+                oldSubscription = subscription;
+            } finally {
+                lock.readLock().unlock();
+            }
+
+            Optional<Integer> errorIntervalMsOpt = 
ClientTelemetryUtils.maybeFetchErrorIntervalMs(data.errorCode(),
+                oldSubscription != null ? oldSubscription.pushIntervalMs() : 
-1);
+            // If the error code indicates that the interval ms needs to be 
updated as per the error
+            // code then update the interval ms and state so that the 
subscription can be retried.
+            if (errorIntervalMsOpt.isPresent()) {
+                // Update the state from SUBSCRIPTION_INR_PROGRESS to 
SUBSCRIPTION_NEEDED as the error
+                // response indicates that the subscription is not valid.
+                if (!maybeSetState(ClientTelemetryState.SUBSCRIPTION_NEEDED)) {
+                    log.error("Unable to transition state after failed get 
telemetry subscriptions from state {}", oldState);
+                }
+                updateErrorResult(errorIntervalMsOpt.get(), now);
+                return;
+            }
+
+            Uuid clientInstanceId = 
ClientTelemetryUtils.validateClientInstanceId(data.clientInstanceId());
+            int intervalMs = 
ClientTelemetryUtils.validateIntervalMs(data.pushIntervalMs());
+            Predicate<? super MetricKeyable> selector = 
ClientTelemetryUtils.getSelectorFromRequestedMetrics(
+                data.requestedMetrics());
+            List<CompressionType> acceptedCompressionTypes = 
ClientTelemetryUtils.getCompressionTypesFromAcceptedList(
+                data.acceptedCompressionTypes());
+
+            // Check if the delta temporality has changed, if so, we need to 
reset the ledger tracking
+            // the last value sent for each metric.
+            if (oldSubscription != null && oldSubscription.deltaTemporality() 
!= data.deltaTemporality()) {
+                log.info("Delta temporality has changed from {} to {}, 
resetting metric values",
+                    oldSubscription.deltaTemporality(), 
data.deltaTemporality());
+                if (kafkaMetricsCollector != null) {
+                    kafkaMetricsCollector.metricsReset();
+                }
+            }
+
+            ClientTelemetrySubscription clientTelemetrySubscription = new 
ClientTelemetrySubscription(
+                clientInstanceId,
+                data.subscriptionId(),
+                intervalMs,
+                acceptedCompressionTypes,
+                data.deltaTemporality(),
+                selector);
+
+            lock.writeLock().lock();
+            try {
+                // This is the case if we began termination sometime after the 
subscription request
+                // was issued. We're just now getting our callback, but we 
need to ignore it.
+                if (isTerminatingState()) {
+                    return;
+                }
+
+                ClientTelemetryState newState;
+                if (selector == ClientTelemetryUtils.SELECTOR_NO_METRICS) {
+                    // This is the case where no metrics are requested and/or 
match the filters. We need
+                    // to wait intervalMs then retry.
+                    newState = ClientTelemetryState.SUBSCRIPTION_NEEDED;
+                } else {
+                    newState = ClientTelemetryState.PUSH_NEEDED;
+                }
+
+                // If we're terminating, don't update state or set the 
subscription.
+                if (!maybeSetState(newState)) {
+                    return;
+                }
+
+                updateSubscriptionResult(clientTelemetrySubscription, now);
+                log.info("Client telemetry registered with client instance id: 
{}", subscription.clientInstanceId());
+            } finally {
+                lock.writeLock().unlock();
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void handleResponse(PushTelemetryResponse response) {
+            final long now = time.milliseconds();
+            final PushTelemetryResponseData data = response.data();
+
+            lock.writeLock().lock();
+            try {
+                Optional<Integer> errorIntervalMsOpt = 
ClientTelemetryUtils.maybeFetchErrorIntervalMs(data.errorCode(),
+                    subscription.pushIntervalMs());
+                // If the error code indicates that the interval ms needs to 
be updated as per the error
+                // code then update the interval ms and state so that the 
subscription can be re-fetched,
+                // and the push retried.
+                if (errorIntervalMsOpt.isPresent()) {
+                    // This is the case when client began termination sometime 
after the last push request
+                    // was issued. Just getting the callback, hence need to 
ignore it.
+                    if (isTerminatingState()) {
+                        return;
+                    }
+
+                    if 
(!maybeSetState(ClientTelemetryState.SUBSCRIPTION_NEEDED)) {
+                        log.error("Unable to transition state after failed 
push telemetry from state {}", state);
+                    }
+                    updateErrorResult(errorIntervalMsOpt.get(), now);
+                    return;
+                }
+
+                lastRequestMs = now;
+                intervalMs = subscription.pushIntervalMs();
+                if (!maybeSetState(ClientTelemetryState.PUSH_NEEDED)) {
+                    log.error("Unable to transition state after successful 
push telemetry from state {}", state);
+                }
+            } finally {
+                lock.writeLock().unlock();
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void 
handleFailedGetTelemetrySubscriptionsRequest(KafkaException 
maybeFatalException) {
+            log.warn("The broker generated an error for the get telemetry 
network API request", maybeFatalException);
+            handleFailedRequest(maybeFatalException != null);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void handleFailedPushTelemetryRequest(KafkaException 
maybeFatalException) {
+            log.warn("The broker generated an error for the push telemetry 
network API request", maybeFatalException);
+            handleFailedRequest(maybeFatalException != null);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public Optional<Uuid> clientInstanceId(Duration timeout) {
+            final long timeoutMs = timeout.toMillis();
+            if (timeoutMs < 0) {
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("The timeout cannot be 
negative for fetching client instance id.");
+            }
+
+            lock.writeLock().lock();
+            try {
+                if (subscription == null) {
+                    // If we have a non-negative timeout and no-subscription, 
let's wait for one to be retrieved.
+                    log.debug("Waiting for telemetry subscription containing 
the client instance ID with timeoutMillis = {} ms.", timeoutMs);
+                    try {
+                        if (!subscriptionLoaded.await(timeoutMs, 
TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)) {
+                            log.debug("Wait for telemetry subscription 
elapsed; may not have actually loaded it");
+                        }
+                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+                        throw new InterruptException(e);
+                    }
+                }
+
+                if (subscription == null) {
+                    log.debug("Client instance ID could not be retrieved with 
timeout {}", timeout);
+                    return Optional.empty();
+                }
+
+                Uuid clientInstanceId = subscription.clientInstanceId();
+                if (clientInstanceId == null) {
+                    log.info("Client instance ID was null in telemetry 
subscription while in state {}", state);
+                    return Optional.empty();
+                }
+
+                return Optional.of(clientInstanceId);
+            } finally {
+                lock.writeLock().unlock();
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void close() {
+            log.debug("close telemetry sender for client telemetry reporter 
instance");
+
+            boolean shouldClose = false;
+            lock.writeLock().lock();
+            try {
+                if (state != ClientTelemetryState.TERMINATED) {
+                    if (maybeSetState(ClientTelemetryState.TERMINATED)) {
+                        shouldClose = true;
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    log.debug("Ignoring subsequent close");
+                }
+            } finally {
+                lock.writeLock().unlock();
+            }
+
+            if (shouldClose) {
+                if (kafkaMetricsCollector != null) {
+                    kafkaMetricsCollector.stop();
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void initiateClose(long timeoutMs) {
+            log.debug("initiate close for client telemetry, check if terminal 
push required. Timeout {} ms.", timeoutMs);
+
+            lock.writeLock().lock();
+            try {
+                // If we never fetched a subscription, we can't really push 
anything.
+                if (lastRequestMs == 0) {
+                    log.debug("Telemetry subscription not loaded, not 
attempting terminating push");
+                    return;
+                }
+
+                if (state == ClientTelemetryState.SUBSCRIPTION_NEEDED) {
+                    log.debug("Subscription not yet loaded, ignoring terminal 
push");
+                    return;
+                }
+
+                if (isTerminatingState() || 
!maybeSetState(ClientTelemetryState.TERMINATING_PUSH_NEEDED)) {
+                    log.debug("Ignoring subsequent initiateClose");
+                    return;
+                }
+
+                try {
+                    log.info("About to wait {} ms. for terminal telemetry push 
to be submitted", timeoutMs);
+                    if (!terminalPushInProgress.await(timeoutMs, 
TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)) {
+                        log.info("Wait for terminal telemetry push to be 
submitted has elapsed; may not have actually sent request");
+                    }
+                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+                    log.warn("Error during client telemetry close", e);
+                }
+            } finally {
+                lock.writeLock().unlock();
+            }
+        }
+
+        private Optional<Builder<?>> 
createSubscriptionRequest(ClientTelemetrySubscription localSubscription) {
+            // If we've previously retrieved a subscription, it will contain 
the client instance ID
+            // that the broker assigned. Otherwise, per KIP-714, we send a 
special "null" UUID to
+            // signal to the broker that we need to have a client instance ID 
assigned.
+            Uuid clientInstanceId = (localSubscription != null) ? 
localSubscription.clientInstanceId() : Uuid.ZERO_UUID;
+
+            lock.writeLock().lock();
+            try {
+                if (isTerminatingState()) {
+                    return Optional.empty();
+                }
+
+                if 
(!maybeSetState(ClientTelemetryState.SUBSCRIPTION_IN_PROGRESS)) {
+                    return Optional.empty();
+                }
+            } finally {
+                lock.writeLock().unlock();
+            }
+
+            AbstractRequest.Builder<?> requestBuilder = new 
GetTelemetrySubscriptionsRequest.Builder(
+                new 
GetTelemetrySubscriptionsRequestData().setClientInstanceId(clientInstanceId), 
true);
+            return Optional.of(requestBuilder);
+        }
+
+        private Optional<Builder<?>> 
createPushRequest(ClientTelemetrySubscription localSubscription) {
+            if (localSubscription == null) {
+                log.warn("Telemetry state is {} but subscription is null; not 
sending telemetry", state);
+                if (!maybeSetState(ClientTelemetryState.SUBSCRIPTION_NEEDED)) {
+                    log.error("Unable to transition state after failed create 
push telemetry from state {}", state);
+                }
+                return Optional.empty();
+            }
+
+            // Don't send a push request if we don't have the collector 
initialized. Re-attempt
+            // the push on the next interval.
+            if (kafkaMetricsCollector == null) {
+                log.warn("Cannot make telemetry request as collector is not 
initialized");
+                // Update last accessed time for push request to be retried on 
next interval.
+                updateErrorResult(localSubscription.pushIntervalMs, 
time.milliseconds());
+                return Optional.empty();
+            }
+
+            boolean terminating;
+            lock.writeLock().lock();
+            try {
+                // We've already been terminated, or we've already issued our 
last push, so we
+                // should just exit now.
+                if (state == ClientTelemetryState.TERMINATED || state == 
ClientTelemetryState.TERMINATING_PUSH_IN_PROGRESS) {
+                    return Optional.empty();
+                }
+
+                // Check the *actual* state (while locked) to make sure we're 
still in the state
+                // we expect to be in.
+                terminating = state == 
ClientTelemetryState.TERMINATING_PUSH_NEEDED;
+                if (!maybeSetState(terminating ? 
ClientTelemetryState.TERMINATING_PUSH_IN_PROGRESS : 
ClientTelemetryState.PUSH_IN_PROGRESS)) {
+                    return Optional.empty();
+                }
+            } finally {
+                lock.writeLock().unlock();
+            }
+
+            byte[] payload;
+            try (MetricsEmitter emitter = new 
ClientTelemetryEmitter(localSubscription.selector(), 
localSubscription.deltaTemporality())) {
+                emitter.init();
+                kafkaMetricsCollector.collect(emitter);
+                payload = createPayload(emitter.emittedMetrics());
+            }
+
+            CompressionType compressionType = 
ClientTelemetryUtils.preferredCompressionType(localSubscription.acceptedCompressionTypes());
+            ByteBuffer buffer = ClientTelemetryUtils.compress(payload, 
compressionType);
+
+            AbstractRequest.Builder<?> requestBuilder = new 
PushTelemetryRequest.Builder(
+                new PushTelemetryRequestData()
+                    .setClientInstanceId(localSubscription.clientInstanceId())
+                    .setSubscriptionId(localSubscription.subscriptionId())
+                    .setTerminating(terminating)
+                    .setCompressionType(compressionType.id)
+                    .setMetrics(Utils.readBytes(buffer)), true);
+
+            return Optional.of(requestBuilder);
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Updates the {@link ClientTelemetrySubscription}, {@link 
#intervalMs}, and
+         * {@link #lastRequestMs}.
+         * <p>
+         * The entire contents of the method are guarded by the {@link #lock}.

Review Comment:
   not sure this is needed as it is quite apparent 😅



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