I'm looking for papers, references, descriptions of methodologies for 
caching data out of a mutable hierarchy. Anyone got some pointers?

Basically in JRuby we have lots of untapped caching opportunities, for 
methods, "constants", class variables, and so on. All these caching 
opportunities tend to be stymied by the high mutability of Ruby's 
hierarchy. So I'm trying to boil the problem down to a more general space:

1. We wish to cache arbitrary data elements out of a hierarchy
2. The data elements in each node of the hierarchy are mutable, with 
mutations "affecting" all downstream nodes (in other words, the cached 
data is always looked up from the leaves to the trunk)
3. The structure of the hierarchy can be changed, adding single elements 
at arbitrary points (i.e. at any time new nodes can be inserted 
immediately between the current node and its "super" node).
4. The cache should be as fast as possible for access, with the 
acceptable tradeoff being a higher mutation cost.
5. The hierarchy could be bi-directional, but ideally that would not be 
a requirement. A secondary bi-dir hierarchy could be layered atop the 
original to avoid overt parent-to-child references.

There has to be some prior work in this area, or a simple data structure 
I've overlooked. Finding such a structure would help caching efforts for 
most dynamic languages, but especially help Ruby.

Any thoughts or pointers?

- Charlie

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