v4l2loopback tested 0.12.7-2ubuntu2~22.04.1 to build on ga & hwe kernels
in jammy.

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https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1991664

Title:
  backport dkms fixes to build modules correctly for hwe-5.19+ kernels
  with custom compiler

Status in backport-iwlwifi-dkms package in Ubuntu:
  Fix Released
Status in dkms package in Ubuntu:
  Fix Released
Status in ipu6-drivers package in Ubuntu:
  New
Status in ivsc-driver package in Ubuntu:
  New
Status in linux package in Ubuntu:
  Fix Released
Status in v4l2loopback package in Ubuntu:
  Fix Released
Status in zfs-linux package in Ubuntu:
  Fix Released
Status in backport-iwlwifi-dkms source package in Jammy:
  New
Status in dkms source package in Jammy:
  Fix Released
Status in ipu6-drivers source package in Jammy:
  New
Status in ivsc-driver source package in Jammy:
  New
Status in linux source package in Jammy:
  Incomplete
Status in v4l2loopback source package in Jammy:
  Fix Committed
Status in zfs-linux source package in Jammy:
  New

Bug description:
  
  tl; dr

  this has proven to be a bit futile, and instead we went ahead with
  changing the default kernel makefiles to default to the correct
  toolchain and we have reverted hwe-5.19 kernel to use stock gcc on
  jammy for now.

  So the things described here are not strictly even needed in jammy for
  now.

  
  [ Impact ]

   * hwe-5.19 kernel has to be compiled with gcc-12+ for the new
  security kernel config options that have been enabled in that kernel
  (init zero structs).

   * dkms needs to be patched to attempt to use the same compiler as was
  used to build the kernel, specifically use gcc for v5.15 but gcc-12
  for v5.19+ in jammy

   * dkms autopkgtests also need to be improved to ensure there are no
  false negatives when kernel has module under test already built-in at
  the same version.

   * because linux-headers packages in Ubuntu do not depend on a
  toolchain, and it is very hard to correctly depend on a native or
  cross-toolchain, add gcc-12 dependency in the dkms package.

  [ Test Plan ]

   * Retrigger dkms module test for a built-in package of the same
  version as already built into the kernel, for example zfs-linux dkms.
  It should pass.

   * Attempt to build dkms modules against v5.15 kernel and v5.19 kernel
  from proposed. dkms module should be built with gcc and gcc-12
  respectively.

  [ Where problems could occur ]

   * New gcc-12 dependency on the dkms package may result in two
  compilers being installed in the Ubuntu Desktop Live image

   * New gcc-12 dependency may prevent automatic upgrade/installation of
  the dkms package update via unattended upgrades.

  [ Other Info ]

   * It is questionable for dkms to depend on any c-compiler, given that
  a module for a given kernel can really be built with the same
  toolchain and the same compiler features.

   * In debian, linux kernel packages ship and extra configuration file
  in the kernel headers, dkms uses said configuration file to use a
  matching compiler, and linux-headers packages depend on the toolchain
  used to build a given kernel. Maybe in the future Ubuntu could
  consider using the same packaging.

   * Some DKMS modules need further fixes to preserve and not loose the
  compiler setting

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