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Luso Sundanese padrão
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Padrão of Sunda Kalapa (1522), Indonesian National Museum, Jakarta.
The Luso Sundanese padrão is a stone pillar commemorating the Sunda–Portuguese
treaty, better known as the Luso-Sundanese Treaty of Sunda Kalapa.
History
Because of the growing Islamic force in Demak and Cirebon, the Hindu king of
Sunda Sri Baduga, Prabu Siliwangi, sought assistance from the Portuguese at
Malacca. Therefore, in 1512 and again in 1521, he sent his son, the Crown
prince Prabu Surawisesa, Ratu Samian (Sang Hyang) to Malacca in order to invite
the Portuguese to sign a peace treaty, to trade in pepper, and to build a fort
at his main port of Sunda Kalapa.[1]
By 1522, the Portuguese were ready to form a coalition with the Sunda King in
order to get access to his profiting pepper trade. That was the same year that
Magellan's global circumnavigation was completed.
The commander of the fortress of Malacca at that time was still Jorge de
Albuquerque. In 1522, he sent a ship, the São Sebastião, under Captain Henrique
Leme, to Sunda Kalapa with valuable gifts for the king of Sunda. Two written
sources describe the concluding of the treaty in detail. One is the original
Portuguese document of 1522 with the text of the treaty and the signatories of
the witnesses, and the other is a report on that event by João de Barros in his
book Da Ásia, printed not before 1777/78.
According to these sources, the king welcomed them warmly upon their arrival.
The Crown Prince (1512 and 1521) had succeeded his father and was now King
Prabu Surawisesa with his title Ratu Samiam (Sang Hyang). Barros called him
King Samião. This Sunda ruler agreed to an arrangement of friendship with the
King of Portugal and decided to grant a fortress at the mouth of the Ciliwung
river where the Portuguese could load as many ships as they wished with pepper.
In addition, he pledged that from the day when the building of the fortress
began, each year he would donate one thousand sacks of pepper to the Portuguese
King (that is more than 20 tons). The contract document was drawn up twice, one
copy for the King of Sunda and one for the King of Portugal; they were signed
on August 21, 1522. The king's deputies were the main mandarin Padam Tumangu,
and the mandarin Sangydepaty and Benegar, as well as the xabandar of the land
named Fabian.
'On the said day' the said mandarins and other honorable men, together with
Henrique Leme and his entourage, went to the very place where the fortress
should be constructed at the mouth of the river on the "land called Sunda
Kalapa". There they erected a memory stone, called a padrão, in current Tugu
sub-district, North Jakarta. It was a custom of the Portuguese to set out a
padrão when they discovered a new land. The National Museum of Jakarta now
hosts that padrão.
The Portuguese failed to keep their promise to come back the next year to
construct the fortress because of troubles in Goa/India. They did not return to
the Java Sea, with six ships from Bintan under the command of Francisco da Sá,
until November 1526.
References
1. ^ Zahorka, Herwig (2007). The Sunda Kingdoms of West Java, From
Tarumanagara to Pakuan Pajajaran with Royal Center of Bogor, Over 1000 Years of
Propsperity and Glory. Yayasan Cipta Loka Caraka.
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From: devi riani <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
To: [email protected]
Sent: Wednesday, November 12, 2008 1:00:42 PM
Subject: Re: [HISTORIA-INDONESIA] Info Ttg Festival Tugu
Dear, Irsco.
Dari info yang saya tau,
Festival Kampung Tugu yang menghadirkan tradisi masyarakat keturunan Portugis
dan bazar mancanegara digelar Pemerintah Kota Jakarta Utara tanggal 14-16
November di Cafe VOC Galangan. Rencana dihadiri lima duta besar dan masyarakat
negara sahabat yang terkait dengan sejarah Portugis di Nusantara, yakni
Republik Portugal, Kerajaan Belanda, Republik Brasil, Republik Mozambik, dan
Republik Timor Leste.
Pergelaran Keroncong Tugu yang kerap manggung di Istana Negara dan bahkan di
Pasar Malam Tong-Tong di Den Haag, Kerajaan Belanda, dipersiapkan untuk tampil
selama sepekan. Para musisi yang tampil, pemusik senior dan yunior dari
komunitas Portugis-Tugu.
Salam
Devi
________________________________
From: irsco <[EMAIL PROTECTED] com>
To: komunitashistoria@ yahoogroups. com
Sent: Wednesday, November 12, 2008 11:56:36 AM
Subject: [HISTORIA-INDONESIA ] Info Ttg Festival Tugu
Dear All ,
Saya bace di media , ada rencana ttg Festival Tugu ?? di sponsori oleh
kedutaan Brazil, Portugal dan Tomor Leste , mohon info apakah sdh
dilaksanakan atau belum ?? klo mblum apakah ada rencana Kang asep unt
mengkordinir unt menghadiri acara tsb...
Pls pencerahan ..
Salam
Irsco
