On 01/24/2016 05:47 AM, Bo Berglund wrote:
On Fri, 22 Jan 2016 20:55:59 -0500, Donald Ziesig <don...@ziesig.org>
wrote:
The application itself must run as root to do digital I/O. If you don't
want to debug using the IDE, you don't have to make the IDE run as root,
though, just the app.
I do not think this is necessary!
I am NOT running my RPi2B as any other user than pi and it works just
fine to access the GPIO pins. Both FPC and Lazarus run just fine as pi
user.
The trick is to make sure that pi belongs to the proper groups dealing
with the hardware. You can check this using the command:
cat /etc/group | grep pi
It will list the groups pi belongs to and you will find out if there
are missing groups here. This is what my Pi says:
pi@rpi2-jessie2:~/dev $ cat /etc/group | grep pi
adm:x:4:pi
dialout:x:20:pi
cdrom:x:24:pi
sudo:x:27:pi
audio:x:29:pi
video:x:44:pi
plugdev:x:46:pi
games:x:60:pi
users:x:100:pi
input:x:101:pi
netdev:x:108:pi
spi:x:999:pi
i2c:x:998:pi
gpio:x:997:pi <== This for GPIO
Hi Bo,
I get exactly this on my pi except there is a line:
pi:x:1000:
immediately following the netdev line..
I never use the NOOBS disk, I always create the start image from the
offiocial Raspbian Jessie image, currently I am on the Nov 2015
release. And the groups above were set from the start on that distro.
I updated the copy of NOOBS to use jessie as soon as jessie was available.
I updated FPC and Lazarus from Anthony's download (as he corrected it
for the problem with installing custom components) as soon as it was
available.
When I run my program unprivileged from the command line I get:
wiringPiSetup: Must be root. (did you forget sudo?).
Using the same executable but prefacing the command with sudo, it runs
and does digital I/O.
When I try to run my program using unprivileged Lazarus it compiles but
the Debugger crashes.
When I run my program using root-mode Lazarus it compiles, runs and does
digital I/O.
The comments in h2WiringPi state that the programs that use it must run
as root, which is how I got to this position in the first place.
Don
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