Patrik, Duncan, thank you for the help. The `btrfs replace start /dev/sdb7 /dev/sdd7 /mnt/data` worked without a hitch (though I didn't try to reboot yet, still have grub/efi/several mdadm partitions to copy).

It also worked much faster than mdadm would take, apparently only moving 126GB used, not 2.71TB total. Interestingly, according to HDD lights it mostly read from the remaining /dev/sda, not from replaced /dev/sdb (which must be completely readable now according to smartctl -- problematic sector got finally remapped after ~1day).

It now looks like follows:

$ sudo blkid /dev/sda7 /dev/sdb7 /dev/sdd7
/dev/sda7: LABEL="data" UUID="37d3313a-e2ad-4b7f-98fc-a01d815952e0" UUID_SUB="db644855-2334-4d61-a27b-9a591255aa39" TYPE="btrfs" PARTUUID="c5ceab7e-e5f8-47c8-b922-c5fa0678831f"
/dev/sdb7: PARTUUID="493923cd-9ecb-4ee8-988b-5d0bfa8991b3"
/dev/sdd7: LABEL="data" UUID="37d3313a-e2ad-4b7f-98fc-a01d815952e0" UUID_SUB="9c2f05e9-5996-479f-89ad-f94f7ce130e6" TYPE="btrfs" PARTUUID="178cd274-7251-4d25-9116-ce0732d2410b"
$ sudo btrfs fi show /dev/sdb7
ERROR: no btrfs on /dev/sdb7
$ sudo btrfs fi show /dev/sdd7
Label: 'data'  uuid: 37d3313a-e2ad-4b7f-98fc-a01d815952e0
    Total devices 2 FS bytes used 108.05GiB
    devid    1 size 2.71TiB used 131.03GiB path /dev/sda7
    devid    2 size 2.71TiB used 131.03GiB path /dev/sdd7
Does this mean:
* I should not be afraid to reboot and find /dev/sdb7 mounted again?
* I will not be able to easily mount /dev/sdb7 on a different computer to do some tests?

Also, although /dev/sdd7 is much larger than /dev/sdb7 was, `btrfs fi show` still displays it as 2.71TiB, why?

--

With Best Regards,
Marat Khalili

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