The present e2fsck code checks the inode, per field basis. It doesn't take into
consideration to total sanity of the inode. This may cause e2fsck turning a
garbage inode into a sane inode. 
The following patch adds a heuristics to detect
the degree of badness of an inode. icount mechanism is used to keep track of the
badness of every inode. The badness is increased as various fields in inode are
found to be corrupt. Badness above a certain threshold value results in deletion
of the inode. The default threshold value is 7, it can be specified to e2fsck
using "-E inode_badness_threshold=<value>"

Signed-off-by: Andreas Dilger <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Signed-off-by: Girish Shilamkar <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>

Index: e2fsprogs-1.40.1/e2fsck/e2fsck.h
===================================================================
--- e2fsprogs-1.40.1.orig/e2fsck/e2fsck.h
+++ e2fsprogs-1.40.1/e2fsck/e2fsck.h
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <string.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
 #ifdef HAVE_UNISTD_H
 #include <unistd.h>
 #endif
@@ -195,6 +196,18 @@ typedef enum {
        E2F_CLONE_ZERO
 } clone_opt_t;
 
+#define EXT4_FITS_IN_INODE(ext4_inode, einode, field)  \
+       ((offsetof(typeof(*ext4_inode), field) +        \
+         sizeof(ext4_inode->field))                    \
+       <= (EXT2_GOOD_OLD_INODE_SIZE +                  \
+           (einode)->i_extra_isize))                   \
+
+#define BADNESS_NORMAL                 1
+#define BADNESS_HIGH           2
+#define BADNESS_THRESHOLD      7
+#define BADNESS_BAD_MODE       100
+#define BADNESS_LARGE_FILE     2199023255552ULL
+
 /*
  * Define the extended attribute refcount structure
  */
@@ -229,7 +242,6 @@ struct e2fsck_struct {
                        unsigned long max);
 
        ext2fs_inode_bitmap inode_used_map; /* Inodes which are in use */
-       ext2fs_inode_bitmap inode_bad_map; /* Inodes which are bad somehow */
        ext2fs_inode_bitmap inode_dir_map; /* Inodes which are directories */
        ext2fs_inode_bitmap inode_bb_map; /* Inodes which are in bad blocks */
        ext2fs_inode_bitmap inode_imagic_map; /* AFS inodes */
@@ -244,6 +256,8 @@ struct e2fsck_struct {
         */
        ext2_icount_t   inode_count;
        ext2_icount_t inode_link_info;
+       ext2_icount_t inode_badness;
+       int inode_badness_threshold;
 
        ext2_refcount_t refcount;
        ext2_refcount_t refcount_extra;
@@ -341,6 +355,7 @@ struct e2fsck_struct {
        __u32 fs_ext_attr_blocks;
        __u32 extent_files;
 
+       time_t now_tolerance_val;
        time_t now;
 
        int ext_attr_ver;
@@ -453,6 +468,8 @@ extern int e2fsck_pass1_check_device_ino
                                           struct ext2_inode *inode);
 extern int e2fsck_pass1_check_symlink(ext2_filsys fs,
                                      struct ext2_inode *inode, char *buf);
+extern void e2fsck_mark_inode_bad(e2fsck_t ctx, ino_t ino, int count);
+extern int is_inode_bad(e2fsck_t ctx, ino_t ino);
 
 /* pass2.c */
 extern int e2fsck_process_bad_inode(e2fsck_t ctx, ext2_ino_t dir,
Index: e2fsprogs-1.40.1/e2fsck/pass1.c
===================================================================
--- e2fsprogs-1.40.1.orig/e2fsck/pass1.c
+++ e2fsprogs-1.40.1/e2fsck/pass1.c
@@ -20,7 +20,8 @@
  *     - A bitmap of which inodes are in use.          (inode_used_map)
  *     - A bitmap of which inodes are directories.     (inode_dir_map)
  *     - A bitmap of which inodes are regular files.   (inode_reg_map)
- *     - A bitmap of which inodes have bad fields.     (inode_bad_map)
+ *     - An icount mechanism is used to keep track of
+ *       inodes with bad fields and its badness        (ctx->inode_badness)
  *     - A bitmap of which inodes are in bad blocks.   (inode_bb_map)
  *     - A bitmap of which inodes are imagic inodes.   (inode_imagic_map)
  *     - A bitmap of which inodes need to be expanded  (expand_eisize_map)
@@ -68,7 +69,6 @@ static void check_blocks(e2fsck_t ctx, s
 static void mark_table_blocks(e2fsck_t ctx);
 static void alloc_bb_map(e2fsck_t ctx);
 static void alloc_imagic_map(e2fsck_t ctx);
-static void mark_inode_bad(e2fsck_t ctx, ino_t ino);
 static void handle_fs_bad_blocks(e2fsck_t ctx);
 static void process_inodes(e2fsck_t ctx, char *block_buf);
 static EXT2_QSORT_TYPE process_inode_cmp(const void *a, const void *b);
@@ -220,6 +220,7 @@ static void check_immutable(e2fsck_t ctx
        if (!(pctx->inode->i_flags & BAD_SPECIAL_FLAGS))
                return;
 
+       e2fsck_mark_inode_bad(ctx, pctx->ino, BADNESS_NORMAL);
        if (!fix_problem(ctx, PR_1_SET_IMMUTABLE, pctx))
                return;
 
@@ -238,6 +239,7 @@ static void check_size(e2fsck_t ctx, str
        if ((inode->i_size == 0) && (inode->i_size_high == 0))
                return;
        
+       e2fsck_mark_inode_bad(ctx, pctx->ino, BADNESS_NORMAL);
        if (!fix_problem(ctx, PR_1_SET_NONZSIZE, pctx))
                return;
        
@@ -352,6 +354,7 @@ static void check_inode_extra_space(e2fs
         */
        if (inode->i_extra_isize &&
            (inode->i_extra_isize < min || inode->i_extra_isize > max)) {
+               e2fsck_mark_inode_bad(ctx, pctx->ino, BADNESS_NORMAL);
                if (!fix_problem(ctx, PR_1_EXTRA_ISIZE, pctx))
                        return;
                inode->i_extra_isize = ctx->want_extra_isize;
@@ -441,6 +444,7 @@ static void check_is_really_dir(e2fsck_t
            (dirent->rec_len % 4))
                return;
 
+       e2fsck_mark_inode_bad(ctx, pctx->ino, BADNESS_NORMAL);
        if (fix_problem(ctx, PR_1_TREAT_AS_DIRECTORY, pctx)) {
                inode->i_mode = (inode->i_mode & 07777) | LINUX_S_IFDIR;
                e2fsck_write_inode_full(ctx, pctx->ino, inode, 
@@ -632,6 +636,7 @@ void e2fsck_pass1(e2fsck_t ctx)
        ext2_filsys fs = ctx->fs;
        ext2_ino_t      ino;
        struct ext2_inode *inode;
+       struct ext2_inode_large *inode_large;
        ext2_inode_scan scan;
        char            *block_buf;
 #ifdef RESOURCE_TRACK
@@ -868,8 +873,10 @@ void e2fsck_pass1(e2fsck_t ctx)
                                                            ino, 0);
                                        e2fsck_write_inode(ctx, ino, inode,
                                                           "pass1");
+                               } else {
+                                       e2fsck_mark_inode_bad(ctx, ino,
+                                                       BADNESS_NORMAL);
                                }
-
                        }
                        /*
                         * If dtime is set, offer to clear it.  mke2fs
@@ -886,6 +893,7 @@ void e2fsck_pass1(e2fsck_t ctx)
                                        e2fsck_write_inode(ctx, ino, inode,
                                                           "pass1");
                                }
+                               e2fsck_mark_inode_bad(ctx, ino, BADNESS_NORMAL);
                        }
                } else if (ino == EXT2_JOURNAL_INO) {
                        ext2fs_mark_inode_bitmap(ctx->inode_used_map, ino);
@@ -992,6 +1000,7 @@ void e2fsck_pass1(e2fsck_t ctx)
                                inode->i_dtime = 0;
                                e2fsck_write_inode(ctx, ino, inode, "pass1");
                        }
+                       e2fsck_mark_inode_bad(ctx, ino, BADNESS_NORMAL);
                }
                
                ext2fs_mark_inode_bitmap(ctx->inode_used_map, ino);
@@ -1008,14 +1017,16 @@ void e2fsck_pass1(e2fsck_t ctx)
                        frag = fsize = 0;
                }
                
+               /* Fixed in pass2, e2fsck_process_bad_inode(). */
                if (inode->i_faddr || frag || fsize ||
                    (LINUX_S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode) && inode->i_dir_acl))
-                       mark_inode_bad(ctx, ino);
+                       e2fsck_mark_inode_bad(ctx, ino, BADNESS_NORMAL);
+               /* Fixed in pass2, e2fsck_process_bad_inode(). */
                if ((fs->super->s_creator_os == EXT2_OS_LINUX) &&
                    !(fs->super->s_feature_ro_compat & 
                      EXT4_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_HUGE_FILE) &&
                    (inode->osd2.linux2.l_i_blocks_hi != 0))
-                       mark_inode_bad(ctx, ino);
+                       e2fsck_mark_inode_bad(ctx, ino, BADNESS_NORMAL);
                if (inode->i_flags & EXT2_IMAGIC_FL) {
                        if (imagic_fs) {
                                if (!ctx->inode_imagic_map)
@@ -1028,6 +1039,7 @@ void e2fsck_pass1(e2fsck_t ctx)
                                        e2fsck_write_inode(ctx, ino,
                                                           inode, "pass1");
                                }
+                               e2fsck_mark_inode_bad(ctx, ino, BADNESS_NORMAL);
                        }
                }
 
@@ -1070,8 +1082,41 @@ void e2fsck_pass1(e2fsck_t ctx)
                        check_immutable(ctx, &pctx);
                        check_size(ctx, &pctx);
                        ctx->fs_sockets_count++;
-               } else
-                       mark_inode_bad(ctx, ino);
+               } else {
+                       e2fsck_mark_inode_bad(ctx, ino, BADNESS_NORMAL);
+               }
+
+               if (inode->i_atime > ctx->now + ctx->now_tolerance_val ||
+                   inode->i_mtime > ctx->now + ctx->now_tolerance_val)
+                       e2fsck_mark_inode_bad(ctx, ino, BADNESS_NORMAL);
+
+               if (inode->i_ctime < sb->s_mkfs_time ||
+                   inode->i_ctime > ctx->now + ctx->now_tolerance_val)
+                       e2fsck_mark_inode_bad(ctx, ino, BADNESS_HIGH);
+
+               if (EXT4_FITS_IN_INODE(inode_large,
+                   (struct ext2_inode_large *)inode, i_crtime)) {
+                       if (((struct ext2_inode_large *)inode)->i_crtime <
+                             sb->s_mkfs_time ||
+                           ((struct ext2_inode_large *)inode)->i_crtime >
+                             ctx->now + ctx->now_tolerance_val) {
+                               e2fsck_mark_inode_bad(ctx, ino, BADNESS_HIGH);
+                       }
+               }
+               
+               /* Is it a regular file */
+               if ((LINUX_S_ISREG(inode->i_mode)) &&
+                  /* File size > 2TB */
+                   ((((long long)inode->i_size_high << 32) +
+                     inode->i_size) > BADNESS_LARGE_FILE) &&
+                   /* fs does not have huge file feature */
+                   ((fs->super->s_creator_os == EXT2_OS_LINUX) &&
+                    !(fs->super->s_feature_ro_compat &
+                            EXT4_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_HUGE_FILE) &&
+                    /* inode does not have enough blocks for size */
+                    (inode->osd2.linux2.l_i_blocks_hi != 0))) {
+                              e2fsck_mark_inode_bad(ctx, ino, BADNESS_NORMAL);
+               }
 
                eh = (struct ext3_extent_header *)inode->i_block;
                if ((inode->i_flags & EXT4_EXTENTS_FL)) {
@@ -1086,19 +1131,28 @@ void e2fsck_pass1(e2fsck_t ctx)
                                        ext2fs_mark_super_dirty(fs);
                                        extent_fs = 1;
                                }
-                       } else if (fix_problem(ctx, PR_1_SET_EXTENT_FL, &pctx)){
-                               inode->i_flags &= ~EXT4_EXTENTS_FL;
-                               e2fsck_write_inode(ctx, ino, inode, "pass1");
-                               goto check_ind_inode;
+                       } else {
+                               e2fsck_mark_inode_bad(ctx, ino, BADNESS_NORMAL);
+                               if (fix_problem(ctx, PR_1_SET_EXTENT_FL,
+                                                       &pctx)) {
+                                       inode->i_flags &= ~EXT4_EXTENTS_FL;
+                                       e2fsck_write_inode(ctx, ino,
+                                                          inode,"pass1");
+                                       goto check_ind_inode;
+                               }
                        }
                } else if (extent_fs &&
                           (LINUX_S_ISREG(inode->i_mode) ||
                            LINUX_S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode)) &&
                           ext2fs_extent_header_verify(eh, EXT2_N_BLOCKS *
-                                                      sizeof(__u32)) == 0 &&
-                          fix_problem(ctx, PR_1_UNSET_EXTENT_FL, &pctx)) {
-                       inode->i_flags |= EXT4_EXTENTS_FL;
-                       e2fsck_write_inode(ctx, ino, inode, "pass1");
+                                                      sizeof(__u32)) == 0) {
+                               if (fix_problem(ctx, PR_1_UNSET_EXTENT_FL,
+                                                       &pctx)) {
+                                       inode->i_flags |= EXT4_EXTENTS_FL;
+                                       e2fsck_write_inode(ctx, ino, inode,
+                                                       "pass1");
+                               }
+                               e2fsck_mark_inode_bad(ctx, ino, BADNESS_NORMAL);
                }
                if (extent_fs && inode->i_flags & EXT4_EXTENTS_FL) {
                        ctx->extent_files++;
@@ -1339,29 +1393,27 @@ static EXT2_QSORT_TYPE process_inode_cmp
 }
 
 /*
- * Mark an inode as being bad in some what
+ * Mark an inode as being bad and increment its badness counter.
  */
-static void mark_inode_bad(e2fsck_t ctx, ino_t ino)
+void e2fsck_mark_inode_bad(e2fsck_t ctx, ino_t ino, int count)
 {
-       struct          problem_context pctx;
-
-       if (!ctx->inode_bad_map) {
-               clear_problem_context(&pctx);
+       struct  problem_context pctx;
+       __u16 result;
        
-               pctx.errcode = ext2fs_allocate_inode_bitmap(ctx->fs,
-                           _("bad inode map"), &ctx->inode_bad_map);
+       if (!ctx->inode_badness) {
+               clear_problem_context(&pctx);
+               pctx.errcode = ext2fs_create_icount2(ctx->fs, 0, 0, NULL,
+                                                    &ctx->inode_badness);
                if (pctx.errcode) {
-                       pctx.num = 3;
-                       fix_problem(ctx, PR_1_ALLOCATE_IBITMAP_ERROR, &pctx);
-                       /* Should never get here */
+                       fix_problem(ctx, PR_1_ALLOCATE_ICOUNT, &pctx);
                        ctx->flags |= E2F_FLAG_ABORT;
                        return;
                }
        }
-       ext2fs_mark_inode_bitmap(ctx->inode_bad_map, ino);
+       ext2fs_icount_fetch(ctx->inode_badness, ino, &result);
+       ext2fs_icount_store(ctx->inode_badness, ino, count + result);
 }
 
-
 /*
  * This procedure will allocate the inode "bb" (badblock) map table
  */
@@ -1510,7 +1562,8 @@ static int check_ext_attr(e2fsck_t ctx, 
        if (!(fs->super->s_feature_compat & EXT2_FEATURE_COMPAT_EXT_ATTR) ||
            (blk < fs->super->s_first_data_block) ||
            (blk >= fs->super->s_blocks_count)) {
-               mark_inode_bad(ctx, ino);
+               /* Fixed in pass2, e2fsck_process_bad_inode(). */
+               e2fsck_mark_inode_bad(ctx, ino, BADNESS_NORMAL);
                return 0;
        }
 
@@ -1690,21 +1743,28 @@ static int handle_htree(e2fsck_t ctx, st
 
        if ((!LINUX_S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode) &&
             fix_problem(ctx, PR_1_HTREE_NODIR, pctx)) ||
-           (!(fs->super->s_feature_compat & EXT2_FEATURE_COMPAT_DIR_INDEX) &&
-            fix_problem(ctx, PR_1_HTREE_SET, pctx)))
-               return 1;
+           (!(fs->super->s_feature_compat & EXT2_FEATURE_COMPAT_DIR_INDEX))) {
+               e2fsck_mark_inode_bad(ctx, ino, BADNESS_NORMAL);
+               if (fix_problem(ctx, PR_1_HTREE_SET, pctx))
+                       return 1;
+       }
 
        ext2fs_block_iterate2(fs, ino, BLOCK_FLAG_DATA_ONLY | BLOCK_FLAG_HOLE,
                              block_buf, htree_blk_iter_cb, &blk);
        if (((blk == 0) ||
             (blk < fs->super->s_first_data_block) ||
-            (blk >= fs->super->s_blocks_count)) &&
-           fix_problem(ctx, PR_1_HTREE_BADROOT, pctx))
-               return 1;
+            (blk >= fs->super->s_blocks_count))) {
+               e2fsck_mark_inode_bad(ctx, ino, BADNESS_NORMAL);
+               if (fix_problem(ctx, PR_1_HTREE_BADROOT, pctx))
+                       return 1;
+       }
 
        retval = io_channel_read_blk(fs->io, blk, 1, block_buf);
-       if (retval && fix_problem(ctx, PR_1_HTREE_BADROOT, pctx))
-               return 1;
+       if (retval) {
+               e2fsck_mark_inode_bad(ctx, ino, BADNESS_NORMAL);
+               if (fix_problem(ctx, PR_1_HTREE_BADROOT, pctx))
+                       return 1;
+       }
        
        /* XXX should check that beginning matches a directory */
        root = (struct ext2_dx_root_info *) (block_buf + 24);
@@ -1774,6 +1834,9 @@ static int e2fsck_ind_block_verify(struc
                        bad++;
        }
 
+       if (num_indir <= EXT2_N_BLOCKS)
+               e2fsck_mark_inode_bad(p->ctx, p->ino, bad);
+
        if ((num_indir <= EXT2_N_BLOCKS && bad > 4) || bad > 8)
                return PR_1_INDIRECT_BAD;
 
@@ -1817,6 +1880,10 @@ static int e2fsck_ext_block_verify(struc
                                pctx->blkcount = ex->ee_start;
                                pctx->num = ex->ee_len;
                                pctx->blk = ex->ee_block;
+                               /* To ensure that extent is in inode */
+                               if (eh->eh_max == 4)
+                                       e2fsck_mark_inode_bad(p->ctx, p->ino,
+                                                       BADNESS_HIGH);
                                if (fix_problem(ctx, PR_1_EXTENT_BAD, pctx)) {
                                        ext2fs_extent_remove(eh, ex);
                                        i--; ex--; /* check next (moved) item */
@@ -1843,6 +1910,10 @@ static int e2fsck_ext_block_verify(struc
                                pctx->blkcount = ix->ei_leaf;;
                                pctx->num = i;
                                pctx->blk = ix->ei_block;
+                               /* To ensure that extent_idx is in inode */
+                               if (eh->eh_max == 4)
+                                       e2fsck_mark_inode_bad(p->ctx, p->ino,
+                                                       BADNESS_HIGH);
                                if (fix_problem(ctx, PR_1_EXTENT_IDX_BAD,pctx)){
                                        ext2fs_extent_index_remove(eh, ix);
                                        i--; ix--; /* check next (moved) item */
@@ -1850,7 +1921,6 @@ static int e2fsck_ext_block_verify(struc
                                        continue;
                                }
                        }
-
                        ix_prev = ix;
                }
        }
@@ -1905,6 +1975,7 @@ static void check_blocks(e2fsck_t ctx, s
                                inode->i_flags &= ~EXT2_COMPRBLK_FL;
                                dirty_inode++;
                        }
+                       e2fsck_mark_inode_bad(ctx, ino, BADNESS_NORMAL);
                }
        }
 
@@ -1950,6 +2021,7 @@ static void check_blocks(e2fsck_t ctx, s
                ext2fs_icount_store(ctx->inode_link_info, ino, 0);
                inode->i_dtime = ctx->now;
                dirty_inode++;
+               ext2fs_icount_store(ctx->inode_badness, ino, 0);
                ext2fs_unmark_inode_bitmap(ctx->inode_dir_map, ino);
                ext2fs_unmark_inode_bitmap(ctx->inode_reg_map, ino);
                ext2fs_unmark_inode_bitmap(ctx->inode_used_map, ino);
@@ -1989,6 +2061,11 @@ static void check_blocks(e2fsck_t ctx, s
                        ctx->fs_directory_count--;
                        goto out;
                }
+               /*
+                * The mode might be in-correct. Increasing the badness by
+                * small amount won't hurt much.
+                */
+               e2fsck_mark_inode_bad(ctx, ino, BADNESS_NORMAL);
        }
 
        pb.num_blocks *= (fs->blocksize / 512);
@@ -2028,6 +2105,7 @@ static void check_blocks(e2fsck_t ctx, s
                                inode->i_size_high = pctx->num >> 32;
                        dirty_inode++;
                }
+               e2fsck_mark_inode_bad(ctx, ino, BADNESS_NORMAL);
                pctx->num = 0;
        }
        if (LINUX_S_ISREG(inode->i_mode) &&
@@ -2039,6 +2117,7 @@ static void check_blocks(e2fsck_t ctx, s
                        inode->i_blocks = pb.num_blocks;
                        dirty_inode++;
                }
+               e2fsck_mark_inode_bad(ctx, ino, BADNESS_NORMAL);
                pctx->num = 0;
        }
 out:
Index: e2fsprogs-1.40.1/e2fsck/pass4.c
===================================================================
--- e2fsprogs-1.40.1.orig/e2fsck/pass4.c
+++ e2fsprogs-1.40.1/e2fsck/pass4.c
@@ -185,6 +185,7 @@ void e2fsck_pass4(e2fsck_t ctx)
        }
        ext2fs_free_icount(ctx->inode_link_info); ctx->inode_link_info = 0;
        ext2fs_free_icount(ctx->inode_count); ctx->inode_count = 0;
+       ext2fs_free_icount(ctx->inode_badness); ctx->inode_badness = 0;
        ext2fs_free_inode_bitmap(ctx->inode_bb_map);
        ctx->inode_bb_map = 0;
        ext2fs_free_inode_bitmap(ctx->inode_imagic_map);
Index: e2fsprogs-1.40.1/e2fsck/pass2.c
===================================================================
--- e2fsprogs-1.40.1.orig/e2fsck/pass2.c
+++ e2fsprogs-1.40.1/e2fsck/pass2.c
@@ -251,10 +251,6 @@ void e2fsck_pass2(e2fsck_t ctx)
        ext2fs_free_mem(&buf);
        ext2fs_free_dblist(fs->dblist);
 
-       if (ctx->inode_bad_map) {
-               ext2fs_free_inode_bitmap(ctx->inode_bad_map);
-               ctx->inode_bad_map = 0;
-       }
        if (ctx->inode_reg_map) {
                ext2fs_free_inode_bitmap(ctx->inode_reg_map);
                ctx->inode_reg_map = 0;
@@ -499,6 +495,7 @@ static _INLINE_ int check_filetype(e2fsc
 {
        int     filetype = dirent->name_len >> 8;
        int     should_be = EXT2_FT_UNKNOWN;
+       int     result;
        struct ext2_inode       inode;
 
        if (!(ctx->fs->super->s_feature_incompat &
@@ -510,16 +507,18 @@ static _INLINE_ int check_filetype(e2fsc
                return 1;
        }
 
+       if (ctx->inode_badness)
+               ext2fs_icount_fetch32(ctx->inode_badness, dirent->inode,
+                                     &result);
+
        if (ext2fs_test_inode_bitmap(ctx->inode_dir_map, dirent->inode)) {
                should_be = EXT2_FT_DIR;
        } else if (ext2fs_test_inode_bitmap(ctx->inode_reg_map,
                                            dirent->inode)) {
                should_be = EXT2_FT_REG_FILE;
-       } else if (ctx->inode_bad_map &&
-                  ext2fs_test_inode_bitmap(ctx->inode_bad_map,
-                                           dirent->inode))
+       } else if (ctx->inode_badness && result >= BADNESS_BAD_MODE) {
                should_be = 0;
-       else {
+       } else {
                e2fsck_read_inode(ctx, dirent->inode, &inode,
                                  "check_filetype");
                should_be = ext2_file_type(inode.i_mode);
@@ -953,12 +952,10 @@ static int check_dir_block(ext2_filsys f
                 * (We wait until now so that we can display the
                 * pathname to the user.)
                 */
-               if (ctx->inode_bad_map &&
-                   ext2fs_test_inode_bitmap(ctx->inode_bad_map,
-                                            dirent->inode)) {
-                       if (e2fsck_process_bad_inode(ctx, ino,
-                                                    dirent->inode,
-                                                    buf + fs->blocksize)) {
+               if ((ctx->inode_badness) &&
+                   ext2fs_icount_is_set(ctx->inode_badness, dirent->inode)) {
+                       if (e2fsck_process_bad_inode(ctx, ino, dirent->inode,
+                                               buf + fs->blocksize)) {
                                dirent->inode = 0;
                                dir_modified++;
                                goto next;
@@ -1192,8 +1189,8 @@ static void deallocate_inode(e2fsck_t ct
        e2fsck_read_bitmaps(ctx);
        ext2fs_unmark_inode_bitmap(ctx->inode_used_map, ino);
        ext2fs_unmark_inode_bitmap(ctx->inode_dir_map, ino);
-       if (ctx->inode_bad_map)
-               ext2fs_unmark_inode_bitmap(ctx->inode_bad_map, ino);
+       if (ctx->inode_badness)
+               ext2fs_icount_store(ctx->inode_badness, ino, 0);
        ext2fs_inode_alloc_stats2(fs, ino, -1, LINUX_S_ISDIR(inode.i_mode));
 
        if (inode.i_file_acl &&
@@ -1258,8 +1255,10 @@ extern int e2fsck_process_bad_inode(e2fs
        int                     not_fixed = 0;
        unsigned char           *frag, *fsize;
        struct problem_context  pctx;
-       int     problem = 0;
+       int                     problem = 0;
+       __u16                   badness;
 
+       ext2fs_icount_fetch(ctx->inode_badness, ino, &badness);
        e2fsck_read_inode(ctx, ino, &inode, "process_bad_inode");
 
        clear_problem_context(&pctx);
@@ -1274,6 +1273,7 @@ extern int e2fsck_process_bad_inode(e2fs
                        inode_modified++;
                } else
                        not_fixed++;
+               badness += BADNESS_NORMAL;
        }
 
        if (!LINUX_S_ISDIR(inode.i_mode) && !LINUX_S_ISREG(inode.i_mode) &&
@@ -1307,6 +1307,11 @@ extern int e2fsck_process_bad_inode(e2fs
                } else
                        not_fixed++;
                problem = 0;
+               /*
+                * A high value is associated with bad mode in order to detect
+                * that mode was corrupt in check_filetype()
+                */
+               badness += BADNESS_BAD_MODE;
        }
                
        if (inode.i_faddr) {
@@ -1315,6 +1320,7 @@ extern int e2fsck_process_bad_inode(e2fs
                        inode_modified++;
                } else
                        not_fixed++;
+               badness += BADNESS_NORMAL;
        }
 
        switch (fs->super->s_creator_os) {
@@ -1336,6 +1342,7 @@ extern int e2fsck_process_bad_inode(e2fs
                        inode_modified++;
                } else
                        not_fixed++;
+               badness += BADNESS_NORMAL;
                pctx.num = 0;
        }
        if (fsize && *fsize) {
@@ -1345,11 +1352,28 @@ extern int e2fsck_process_bad_inode(e2fs
                        inode_modified++;
                } else
                        not_fixed++;
+               badness += BADNESS_NORMAL;
                pctx.num = 0;
        }
 
+       /* In pass1 these conditions were used to mark inode bad so that
+        * it calls e2fsck_process_bad_inode and make an extensive check
+        * plus prompt for action to be taken. To compensate for badness
+        * incremented in pass1 by this condition, decrease it.
+        */
+       if ((inode.i_faddr || frag || fsize ||
+             (LINUX_S_ISDIR(inode.i_mode) && inode.i_dir_acl)) ||
+           (inode.i_file_acl &&
+            !(fs->super->s_feature_compat & EXT2_FEATURE_COMPAT_EXT_ATTR) ||
+            (inode.i_file_acl < fs->super->s_first_data_block) ||
+            (inode.i_file_acl >= fs->super->s_blocks_count))) {
+               /* badness can be 0 if called from pass4. */
+               if (badness)
+                       badness -= BADNESS_NORMAL;
+       }
+
        if ((fs->super->s_creator_os == EXT2_OS_LINUX) &&
-           !(fs->super->s_feature_ro_compat & 
+           !(fs->super->s_feature_ro_compat &
              EXT4_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_HUGE_FILE) &&
            (inode.osd2.linux2.l_i_blocks_hi != 0)) {
                pctx.num = inode.osd2.linux2.l_i_blocks_hi;
@@ -1357,6 +1381,8 @@ extern int e2fsck_process_bad_inode(e2fs
                        inode.osd2.linux2.l_i_blocks_hi = 0;
                        inode_modified++;
                }
+               /* Badness was increased in pass1 for this condition */
+               /* badness += BADNESS_NORMAL; */
        }
 
        if (inode.i_file_acl &&
@@ -1367,6 +1393,7 @@ extern int e2fsck_process_bad_inode(e2fs
                        inode_modified++;
                } else
                        not_fixed++;
+               badness += BADNESS_NORMAL;
        }
        if (inode.i_dir_acl &&
            LINUX_S_ISDIR(inode.i_mode)) {
@@ -1375,12 +1402,28 @@ extern int e2fsck_process_bad_inode(e2fs
                        inode_modified++;
                } else
                        not_fixed++;
+               badness += BADNESS_NORMAL;
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * The high value due to BADNESS_BAD_MODE should not delete the inode.
+        */
+       if ((badness - ((badness >= BADNESS_BAD_MODE) ? BADNESS_BAD_MODE : 0))>=
+                       ctx->inode_badness_threshold) {
+               pctx.num = badness;
+               if (fix_problem(ctx, PR_2_INODE_TOOBAD, &pctx)) {
+                       deallocate_inode(ctx, ino, 0);
+                       if (ctx->flags & E2F_FLAG_SIGNAL_MASK)
+                               return 0;
+                       return 1;
+               }
+               not_fixed++;
        }
 
        if (inode_modified)
                e2fsck_write_inode(ctx, ino, &inode, "process_bad_inode");
-       if (!not_fixed && ctx->inode_bad_map)
-               ext2fs_unmark_inode_bitmap(ctx->inode_bad_map, ino);
+       if (ctx->inode_badness)
+               ext2fs_icount_store(ctx->inode_badness, ino, 0);
        return 0;
 }
 
Index: e2fsprogs-1.40.1/e2fsck/problem.c
===================================================================
--- e2fsprogs-1.40.1.orig/e2fsck/problem.c
+++ e2fsprogs-1.40.1/e2fsck/problem.c
@@ -1316,6 +1316,11 @@ static struct e2fsck_problem problem_tab
          N_("@i %i found in @g %g unused inodes area.  "),
          PROMPT_FIX, PR_PREEN_OK },
 
+       /* Inode too bad */
+       { PR_2_INODE_TOOBAD,
+          N_("@i %i is badly corrupt (badness value = %N).  "),
+         PROMPT_CLEAR, PR_PREEN_OK },
+
        /* Pass 3 errors */
 
        /* Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity */
Index: e2fsprogs-1.40.1/e2fsck/problem.h
===================================================================
--- e2fsprogs-1.40.1.orig/e2fsck/problem.h
+++ e2fsprogs-1.40.1/e2fsck/problem.h
@@ -792,6 +792,9 @@ struct problem_context {
 /* Inode found in group unused inodes area */
 #define PR_2_INOREF_IN_UNUSED          0x020046
 
+/* Inode completely corrupt */
+#define PR_2_INODE_TOOBAD              0x020047
+
 /*
  * Pass 3 errors
  */
Index: e2fsprogs-1.40.1/lib/ext2fs/icount.c
===================================================================
--- e2fsprogs-1.40.1.orig/lib/ext2fs/icount.c
+++ e2fsprogs-1.40.1/lib/ext2fs/icount.c
@@ -461,6 +461,23 @@ static errcode_t get_inode_count(ext2_ic
        return 0;
 }
 
+int ext2fs_icount_is_set(ext2_icount_t icount, ext2_ino_t ino)
+{
+       __u16 result;
+
+       if (ext2fs_test_inode_bitmap(icount->single, ino))
+               return 1;
+       else if (icount->multiple) {
+               if (ext2fs_test_inode_bitmap(icount->multiple, ino))
+                       return 1;
+               return 0;
+       }
+       ext2fs_icount_fetch(icount, ino, &result);
+       if (result)
+               return 1;
+       return 0;
+}
+
 errcode_t ext2fs_icount_validate(ext2_icount_t icount, FILE *out)
 {
        errcode_t       ret = 0;
@@ -500,6 +517,7 @@ errcode_t ext2fs_icount_fetch32(ext2_ico
                *ret = 0;
                return 0;
        }
+
        get_inode_count(icount, ino, ret);
        return 0;
 }
Index: e2fsprogs-1.40.1/e2fsck/pass1b.c
===================================================================
--- e2fsprogs-1.40.1.orig/e2fsck/pass1b.c
+++ e2fsprogs-1.40.1/e2fsck/pass1b.c
@@ -613,8 +613,8 @@ static void delete_file(e2fsck_t ctx, ex
                fix_problem(ctx, PR_1B_BLOCK_ITERATE, &pctx);
        ext2fs_unmark_inode_bitmap(ctx->inode_used_map, ino);
        ext2fs_unmark_inode_bitmap(ctx->inode_dir_map, ino);
-       if (ctx->inode_bad_map)
-               ext2fs_unmark_inode_bitmap(ctx->inode_bad_map, ino);
+       if (ctx->inode_badness)
+               e2fsck_mark_inode_bad(ctx, ino, 0);
        ext2fs_inode_alloc_stats2(fs, ino, -1, LINUX_S_ISDIR(inode.i_mode));
 
        /* Inode may have changed by block_iterate, so reread it */
Index: e2fsprogs-1.40.1/e2fsck/unix.c
===================================================================
--- e2fsprogs-1.40.1.orig/e2fsck/unix.c
+++ e2fsprogs-1.40.1/e2fsck/unix.c
@@ -557,8 +557,9 @@ static void parse_extended_opts(e2fsck_t
 {
        char    *buf, *token, *next, *p, *arg;
        int     ea_ver;
+       int     ino_bad;
        int     extended_usage = 0;
-
+       
        buf = string_copy(ctx, opts, 0);
        for (token = buf; token && *token; token = next) {
                p = strchr(token, ',');
@@ -619,6 +620,13 @@ static void parse_extended_opts(e2fsck_t
                /* -E expand_extra_isize - enable EXTRA_ISIZE feature */
                } else if (strcmp(token, "expand_extra_isize") == 0) {
                        ctx->flags |= E2F_FLAG_EXPAND_EISIZE;
+               /* -E inode_badness_threshold=<value> */
+               } else if (strcmp(token, "inode_badness_threshold") == 0) {
+                       if (!arg) {
+                               extended_usage++;
+                               continue;
+                       }
+                       ctx->inode_badness_threshold = strtoul(arg, &p, 0);
                } else {
                        fprintf(stderr, _("Unknown extended option: %s\n"),
                                token);
@@ -634,7 +642,8 @@ static void parse_extended_opts(e2fsck_t
                        "Valid extended options are:\n"
                       "\tshared=<preserve|lost+found|delete>\n"
                       "\tclone=<dup|zero>\n"
-                      "\tea_ver=<ea_version (1 or 2)>\n\n"), stderr);
+                      "\tea_ver=<ea_version (1 or 2)>\n"
+                      "\tinode_badness_threhold=(value)\n\n"), stderr);
                exit(1);
        }
 }
@@ -694,6 +703,9 @@ static errcode_t PRS(int argc, char *arg
        profile_init(config_fn, &ctx->profile);
        initialize_profile_options(ctx);
 
+       ctx->inode_badness_threshold = BADNESS_THRESHOLD;
+       ctx->now_tolerance_val = 172800; /* Two days */
+
        while ((c = getopt (argc, argv, 
"panyrcC:B:dE:fvtFVM:b:I:j:P:l:L:N:SsDk")) != EOF)
                switch (c) {
                case 'C':
Index: e2fsprogs-1.40.1/e2fsck/e2fsck.c
===================================================================
--- e2fsprogs-1.40.1.orig/e2fsck/e2fsck.c
+++ e2fsprogs-1.40.1/e2fsck/e2fsck.c
@@ -104,10 +104,6 @@ errcode_t e2fsck_reset_context(e2fsck_t 
                ext2fs_free_inode_bitmap(ctx->inode_bb_map);
                ctx->inode_bb_map = 0;
        }
-       if (ctx->inode_bad_map) {
-               ext2fs_free_inode_bitmap(ctx->inode_bad_map);
-               ctx->inode_bad_map = 0;
-       }
        if (ctx->inode_imagic_map) {
                ext2fs_free_inode_bitmap(ctx->inode_imagic_map);
                ctx->inode_imagic_map = 0;
Index: e2fsprogs-1.40.1/e2fsck/e2fsck.8.in
===================================================================
--- e2fsprogs-1.40.1.orig/e2fsck/e2fsck.8.in
+++ e2fsprogs-1.40.1/e2fsck/e2fsck.8.in
@@ -178,6 +178,13 @@ in place (preserve); 
 cloned and then disconnected from their parent directory,
 then reconnected to /lost+found in pass 3 (lost+found); 
 or simply deleted (delete).  The default is preserve.
+.TP
+.BI inode_badness_threshold= threshold_value
+A badness counter is associated with every inode, which determines the degree
+of inode corruption. Each error found in the inode will increase the badness by
+1 or 2, and inodes with a badness at or above
+.I threshold_value will be prompted for deletion. The default
+.I threshold_value is 7.
 .RE
 .TP
 .B \-f
Index: e2fsprogs-1.40.1/tests/f_bad_disconnected_inode/expect.1
===================================================================
--- e2fsprogs-1.40.1.orig/tests/f_bad_disconnected_inode/expect.1
+++ e2fsprogs-1.40.1/tests/f_bad_disconnected_inode/expect.1
@@ -39,10 +39,7 @@ Clear? yes
 i_blocks_hi for inode 16 (...) is 62762, should be zero.
 Clear? yes
 
-Unattached inode 16
-Connect to /lost+found? yes
-
-Inode 16 ref count is 5925, should be 1.  Fix? yes
+Inode 16 is badly corrupt (badness value = 9).  Clear? yes
 
 Pass 5: Checking group summary information
 Block bitmap differences:  -(9--19)
@@ -54,19 +51,16 @@ Fix? yes
 Free blocks count wrong (79, counted=91).
 Fix? yes
 
-Inode bitmap differences:  +16
-Fix? yes
-
-Free inodes count wrong for group #0 (7, counted=4).
+Free inodes count wrong for group #0 (8, counted=5).
 Fix? yes
 
 Directories count wrong for group #0 (3, counted=2).
 Fix? yes
 
-Free inodes count wrong (7, counted=4).
+Free inodes count wrong (8, counted=5).
 Fix? yes
 
 
 test_filesys: ***** FILE SYSTEM WAS MODIFIED *****
-test_filesys: 12/16 files (0.0% non-contiguous), 9/100 blocks
+test_filesys: 11/16 files (0.0% non-contiguous), 9/100 blocks
 Exit status is 1
Index: e2fsprogs-1.40.1/tests/f_bad_disconnected_inode/expect.2
===================================================================
--- e2fsprogs-1.40.1.orig/tests/f_bad_disconnected_inode/expect.2
+++ e2fsprogs-1.40.1/tests/f_bad_disconnected_inode/expect.2
@@ -3,5 +3,5 @@ Pass 2: Checking directory structure
 Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity
 Pass 4: Checking reference counts
 Pass 5: Checking group summary information
-test_filesys: 12/16 files (0.0% non-contiguous), 9/100 blocks
+test_filesys: 11/16 files (0.0% non-contiguous), 9/100 blocks
 Exit status is 0
Index: e2fsprogs-1.40.1/lib/ext2fs/ext2fs.h
===================================================================
--- e2fsprogs-1.40.1.orig/lib/ext2fs/ext2fs.h
+++ e2fsprogs-1.40.1/lib/ext2fs/ext2fs.h
@@ -831,6 +831,7 @@ extern errcode_t ext2fs_initialize(const
 
 /* icount.c */
 extern void ext2fs_free_icount(ext2_icount_t icount);
+extern int ext2fs_icount_is_set(ext2_icount_t icount, ext2_ino_t ino);
 extern errcode_t ext2fs_create_icount_tdb(ext2_filsys fs, char *tdb_dir,
                                          int flags, ext2_icount_t *ret);
 extern errcode_t ext2fs_create_icount2(ext2_filsys fs, int flags, 


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