>I am inferring this using iostat which shows that average device
>utilization fluctuates between 83 and 99 percent and the average
>request size is around 650 sectors (going to the device) without
>writepages. 
>
>With writepages, device utilization never drops below 95 percent and
>is usually about 98 percent utilized, and the average request size to
>the device is around 1000 sectors.

Well that blows away the only two ways I know that this effect can happen. 
 The first has to do with certain code being more efficient than other 
code at assembling I/Os, but the fact that the CPU utilization is the same 
in both cases pretty much eliminates that.  The other is where the 
interactivity of the I/O generator doesn't match the buffering in the 
device so that the device ends up 100% busy processing small I/Os that 
were sent to it because it said all the while that it needed more work. 
But in the small-I/O case, we don't see a 100% busy device.

So why would the device be up to 17% idle, since the writepages case makes 
it apparent that the I/O generator is capable of generating much more 
work?  Is there some queue plugging (I/O scheduler delays sending I/O to 
the device even though the device is idle) going on?

--
Bryan Henderson                          IBM Almaden Research Center
San Jose CA                              Filesystems

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