Am Samstag 28 April 2007 23:14 schrieb Hans-Jürgen Koch:
> Am Samstag 28 April 2007 23:08 schrieb Thomas Gleixner:
> > On Sat, 2007-04-28 at 23:03 +0200, Hans-Jürgen Koch wrote:
> > > Am Samstag 28 April 2007 22:24 schrieb Alan Cox:
> > > > > > AFAIK we don't currently have any platform that runs binaries with
> > > > > > different sizes of "int" but this is a) an unsigned value anyway,
> > > > > > and b)
> > > > > > should be a fixed type (eg u32)
> > > > >
> > > > > I reviewed the code once more and find it OK. There is only one legal
> > > > > value for the parameter "count" of uio_read(), and that's sizeof(int).
> > > >
> > > > If you are a box with multiple supported binary types how big is an
> > > > "int". We use explicit sizes to ensure that uio_read() will work when/if
> > > > we get platforms which support binaries with differing ideas of the size
> > > > of "int". Thus it should use s32 or s64 or similar.
> > >
> > > Here's a fix to that effect:
> >
> > Can you please add a matching paragraph to the documentation ?
> >
>
> Yes, I'll add a "How to write userspace code" section tomorrow. I'll send a
> patch as soon as it's ready.
>
> Hans
>
Here's the promised update for the documentation:
Hans
Index: linux-2.6.22-rc/Documentation/DocBook/uio-howto.tmpl
===================================================================
--- linux-2.6.22-rc.orig/Documentation/DocBook/uio-howto.tmpl 2007-04-29
22:17:45.000000000 +0200
+++ linux-2.6.22-rc/Documentation/DocBook/uio-howto.tmpl 2007-04-30
00:15:38.000000000 +0200
@@ -30,6 +30,12 @@
<revhistory>
<revision>
+ <revnumber>0.3</revnumber>
+ <date>2007-04-29</date>
+ <authorinitials>hjk</authorinitials>
+ <revremark>Added section about userspace drivers.</revremark>
+ </revision>
+ <revision>
<revnumber>0.2</revnumber>
<date>2007-02-13</date>
<authorinitials>hjk</authorinitials>
@@ -484,14 +490,121 @@
</sect1>
+<sect1 id="userspace_driver" xreflabel="Writing a driver in user space">
+<?dbhtml filename="userspace_driver.html"?>
+<title>Writing a driver in userspace</title>
+ <para>
+ Once you have a working kernel module for your hardware, you can
+ write the userspace part of your driver. You don't need any special
+ libraries, your driver can be written in any reasonable language,
+ you can use floating point numbers and so on. In short, you can
+ use all the tools and libraries you'd normally use for writing a
+ userspace application.
+ </para>
+
+<sect2 id="getting_uio_information">
+<title>Getting information about your UIO device</title>
+ <para>
+ Information about all UIO devices is available in sysfs. The
+ first thing you should do in your driver is check
+ <varname>name</varname> and <varname>version</varname> to
+ make sure your talking to the right device and that its kernel
+ driver has the version you expect.
+ </para>
+ <para>
+ You should also make sure that the memory mapping you need
+ exists and has the size you expect.
+ </para>
+ <para>
+ There is a tool called <varname>lsuio</varname> that lists
+ UIO devices and their attributes. It is available here:
+ </para>
+ <para>
+ <ulink url="http://www.osadl.org/projects/downloads/UIO/user/";>
+ http://www.osadl.org/projects/downloads/UIO/user/</ulink>
+ </para>
+ <para>
+ With <varname>lsuio</varname> you can quickly check if your
+ kernel module is loaded and which attributes it exports.
+ Have a look at the manpage for details.
+ </para>
+ <para>
+ The source code of <varname>lsuio</varname> can serve as an
+ example for getting information about an UIO device.
+ The file <filename>uio_helper.c</filename> contains a lot of
+ functions you could use in your userspace driver code.
+ </para>
+</sect2>
+
+<sect2 id="mmap_device_memory">
+<title>mmap() device memory</title>
+ <para>
+ After you made sure you've got the right device with the
+ memory mappings you need, all you have to do is to call
+ <function>mmap()</function> to map the device's memory
+ to userspace.
+ </para>
+ <para>
+ The parameter <varname>offset</varname> of the
+ <function>mmap()</function> call has a special meaning
+ for UIO devices: It is used to select which mapping of
+ your device you want to map. To map the memory of
+ mapping N, you have to use N times the page size as
+ your offset:
+ </para>
+<programlisting format="linespecific">
+ offset = N * getpagesize();
+</programlisting>
+ <para>
+ N starts from zero, so if you've got only one memory
+ range to map, set <varname>offset = 0</varname>.
+ A drawback of this technique is that memory is always
+ mapped beginning with its start address.
+ </para>
+</sect2>
+
+<sect2 id="wait_for_interrupts">
+<title>Waiting for interrupts</title>
+ <para>
+ After you successfully mapped your devices memory, you
+ can access it like an ordinary array. Usually, you will
+ perform some initialization. After that, your hardware
+ starts working and will generate an interrupt as soon
+ as it's finished, has some data available, or needs your
+ attention because an error occured.
+ </para>
+ <para>
+ <filename>/dev/uioX</filename> is a read-only file. A
+ <function>read()</function> will always block until an
+ interrupt occurs. There is only one legal value for the
+ <varname>count</varname> parameter of
+ <function>read()</function>, and that is the size of a
+ signed 32 bit integer (4). Any other value for
+ <varname>count</varname> causes <function>read()</function>
+ to fail. The signed 32 bit integer read is the interrupt
+ count of your device. If the value is one more than the value
+ you read the last time, everything is OK. If the difference
+ is greater than one, you missed interrupts.
+ </para>
+ <para>
+ You can also use <function>select()</function> on
+ <filename>/dev/uioX</filename>.
+ </para>
+</sect2>
+
+</sect1>
+
<appendix id="app1">
<title>Further information</title>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem><para>
+ <ulink url="http://www.osadl.org";>
+ OSADL homepage.</ulink>
+ </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>
<ulink url="http://www.linutronix.de";>
Linutronix homepage.</ulink>
</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>...</para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</appendix>
-
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