Reserved fd's for superuser doesn't work. Patch for 2.2 is below,
kernel 2.4.x also has this problem, fix is similar. The default
NR_RESERVED_FILES value also had to be increased (e.g. ssh, login
needs 36, ls 16, man 45 fd's, etc).

BTW, I have an updated version of my reserved VM for superuser +
improved/fixed version of Rik's out of memory killer patch for 2.2
here,

http://mlf.linux.rulez.org/mlf/ezaz/reserved_root_vm+oom_killer-5.diff

It fixes the potential deadlock when kernel threads were blocked to
try to free pages - more details about the patch are in a former
email, http://boudicca.tux.org/hypermail/linux-kernel/2000week48/0624.html

        Szaka

diff -ur linux-2.2.18pre21/fs/file_table.c linux/fs/file_table.c
--- linux-2.2.18pre21/fs/file_table.c   Tue Jan  4 13:12:23 2000
+++ linux/fs/file_table.c       Thu Dec  7 13:26:06 2000
@@ -71,30 +71,27 @@
 {
        static int old_max = 0;
        struct file * f;
+       int total_free;

-       if (nr_free_files > NR_RESERVED_FILES) {
-       used_one:
-               f = free_filps;
-               remove_filp(f);
-               nr_free_files--;
-       new_one:
-               memset(f, 0, sizeof(*f));
-               f->f_count = 1;
-               f->f_version = ++global_event;
-               f->f_uid = current->fsuid;
-               f->f_gid = current->fsgid;
-               put_inuse(f);
-               return f;
-       }
-       /*
-        * Use a reserved one if we're the superuser
-        */
-       if (nr_free_files && !current->euid)
-               goto used_one;
-       /*
-        * Allocate a new one if we're below the limit.
-        */
-       if (nr_files < max_files) {
+       total_free = max_files - nr_files + nr_free_files;
+       if (total_free > NR_RESERVED_FILES || (total_free && !current->euid)) {
+               if (nr_free_files) {
+               used_one:
+                       f = free_filps;
+                       remove_filp(f);
+                       nr_free_files--;
+               new_one:
+                       memset(f, 0, sizeof(*f));
+                       f->f_count = 1;
+                       f->f_version = ++global_event;
+                       f->f_uid = current->fsuid;
+                       f->f_gid = current->fsgid;
+                       put_inuse(f);
+                       return f;
+               }
+               /*
+                * Allocate a new one if we're below the limit.
+               */
                f = kmem_cache_alloc(filp_cache, SLAB_KERNEL);
                if (f) {
                        nr_files++;
diff -ur linux-2.2.18pre21/include/linux/fs.h linux/include/linux/fs.h
--- linux-2.2.18pre21/include/linux/fs.h        Thu Nov  9 08:20:18 2000
+++ linux/include/linux/fs.h    Thu Dec  7 11:10:50 2000
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@
 extern int max_super_blocks, nr_super_blocks;

 #define NR_FILE  4096  /* this can well be larger on a larger system */
-#define NR_RESERVED_FILES 10 /* reserved for root */
+#define NR_RESERVED_FILES 96 /* reserved for root */
 #define NR_SUPER 256

 #define MAY_EXEC 1

-
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