Em Thu, Nov 20, 2014 at 11:06:05AM -0800, Tuan Bui escreveu:
> Subject: [PATCH] Perf Bench: Locking Microbenchmark
>
> In response to this thread https://lkml.org/lkml/2014/2/11/93, this is
> a micro benchmark that stresses locking contention in the kernel with
> creat(2) system call by spawning multiple processes to spam this system
> call. This workload generate similar results and contentions in AIM7
> fserver workload but can generate outputs within seconds.
>
> With the creat system call the contention vary on what locks are used
> in the particular file system. I have ran this benchmark only on ext4
> and xfs file system.
>
> Running the creat workload on ext4 show contention in the mutex lock
> that is used by ext4_orphan_add() and ext4_orphan_del() to add or delete
> an inode from the list of inodes. At the same time running the creat
> workload on xfs show contention in the spinlock that is used by
> xsf_log_commit_cil() to commit a transaction to the Committed Item List.
>
> Here is a comparison of this benchmark with AIM7 running fserver workload
> at 500-1000 users along with a perf trace running on ext4 file system.
>
> Test machine is a 8-sockets 80 cores Westmere system HT-off on v3.17-rc6.
>
> AIM7 AIM7 perf-bench perf-bench
> Users Jobs/min Jobs/min/child Ops/sec Ops/sec/child
> 500 119668.25 239.34 104249 208
> 600 126074.90 210.12 106136 176
> 700 128662.42 183.80 106175 151
> 800 119822.05 149.78 106290 132
> 900 106150.25 117.94 105230 116
> 1000 104681.29 104.68 106489 106
>
> Perf trace for AIM7 fserver:
I will rename this from "Perf trace for AIM7 fserver" to "Perf report
for AIM7 fserver", as there is a 'perf trace' tool and that produces
different output, etc.
> 14.51% reaim [kernel.kallsyms] [k] osq_lock
> 4.98% reaim reaim [.] add_long
> 4.98% reaim reaim [.] add_int
> 4.31% reaim [kernel.kallsyms] [k] mutex_spin_on_owner
> ...
>
> Perf trace of perf bench creat
Ditto and here will replace 'perf bench creat' with the new naming:
"perf bench locking vfs", right?
Yeah:
[acme@zoo linux]$ perf bench
Usage:
perf bench [<common options>] <collection> <benchmark>
[<options>]
# List of all available benchmark collections:
sched: Scheduler and IPC benchmarks
mem: Memory access benchmarks
numa: NUMA scheduling and MM benchmarks
futex: Futex stressing benchmarks
locking: Kernel locking benchmarks
all: All benchmarks
[acme@zoo linux]$ perf bench locking
# List of available benchmarks for collection 'locking':
vfs: Benchmark vfs using creat(2)
all: Run all benchmarks in this suite
[acme@zoo linux]$ perf bench locking vfs
# Running 'locking/vfs' benchmark:
> 22.37% locking-creat [kernel.kallsyms] [k] osq_lock
> 5.77% locking-creat [kernel.kallsyms] [k] mutex_spin_on_owner
> 5.31% locking-creat [kernel.kallsyms] [k] _raw_spin_lock
> 5.15% locking-creat [jbd2] [k]
> jbd2_journal_put_journal_head
> ...
>
> Changes since v1:
> - Added -j options to specified jobs per processes.
> - Change name of microbenchmark from creat to vfs.
> - Change all instances of threads to proccess.
>
> Signed-off-by: Tuan Bui <tuan.d....@hp.com>
> ---
> tools/perf/Documentation/perf-bench.txt | 8 +
> tools/perf/Makefile.perf | 1 +
> tools/perf/bench/bench.h | 1 +
> tools/perf/bench/locking.c | 261
> ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
> tools/perf/builtin-bench.c | 8 +
> 5 files changed, 279 insertions(+)
> create mode 100644 tools/perf/bench/locking.c
>
> diff --git a/tools/perf/Documentation/perf-bench.txt
> b/tools/perf/Documentation/perf-bench.txt
> index f6480cb..31144af 100644
> --- a/tools/perf/Documentation/perf-bench.txt
> +++ b/tools/perf/Documentation/perf-bench.txt
> @@ -58,6 +58,9 @@ SUBSYSTEM
> 'futex'::
> Futex stressing benchmarks.
>
> +'locking'::
> + Locking stressing benchmarks that produce similiar result as AIM7
> fserver.
> +
> 'all'::
> All benchmark subsystems.
>
> @@ -213,6 +216,11 @@ Suite for evaluating wake calls.
> *requeue*::
> Suite for evaluating requeue calls.
>
> +SUITES FOR 'locking'
> +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
> +*vfs*::
> +Suite for evaluating vfs locking contention through creat(2).
> +
> SEE ALSO
> --------
> linkperf:perf[1]
> diff --git a/tools/perf/Makefile.perf b/tools/perf/Makefile.perf
> index 262916f..c8bee04 100644
> --- a/tools/perf/Makefile.perf
> +++ b/tools/perf/Makefile.perf
> @@ -443,6 +443,7 @@ BUILTIN_OBJS += $(OUTPUT)bench/mem-memset.o
> BUILTIN_OBJS += $(OUTPUT)bench/futex-hash.o
> BUILTIN_OBJS += $(OUTPUT)bench/futex-wake.o
> BUILTIN_OBJS += $(OUTPUT)bench/futex-requeue.o
> +BUILTIN_OBJS += $(OUTPUT)bench/locking.o
>
> BUILTIN_OBJS += $(OUTPUT)builtin-diff.o
> BUILTIN_OBJS += $(OUTPUT)builtin-evlist.o
> diff --git a/tools/perf/bench/bench.h b/tools/perf/bench/bench.h
> index 3c4dd44..19468c5 100644
> --- a/tools/perf/bench/bench.h
> +++ b/tools/perf/bench/bench.h
> @@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ extern int bench_mem_memset(int argc, const char **argv,
> const char *prefix);
> extern int bench_futex_hash(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
> extern int bench_futex_wake(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
> extern int bench_futex_requeue(int argc, const char **argv, const char
> *prefix);
> +extern int bench_locking_vfs(int argc, const char **argv, const char
> *prefix);
>
> #define BENCH_FORMAT_DEFAULT_STR "default"
> #define BENCH_FORMAT_DEFAULT 0
> diff --git a/tools/perf/bench/locking.c b/tools/perf/bench/locking.c
> new file mode 100644
> index 0000000..97cb07a
> --- /dev/null
> +++ b/tools/perf/bench/locking.c
> @@ -0,0 +1,261 @@
> +/*
> + * locking.c
> + *
> + * Simple micro benchmark that stress kernel locking contention with
> + * creat(2) system call by spawning multiple processes to call
> + * this system call.
> + *
> + * Results output are average operations/sec for all processes and
> + * average operations/sec per process.
> + *
> + * Tuan Bui <tuan.d....@hp.com>
> + */
> +
> +#include "../perf.h"
> +#include "../util/util.h"
> +#include "../util/stat.h"
> +#include "../util/parse-options.h"
> +#include "../util/header.h"
> +#include "bench.h"
> +
> +#include <err.h>
> +#include <stdlib.h>
> +#include <sys/time.h>
> +#include <unistd.h>
> +#include <sys/resource.h>
> +#include <linux/futex.h>
> +#include <sys/mman.h>
> +#include <sys/syscall.h>
> +#include <sys/types.h>
> +#include <signal.h>
> +#include <dirent.h>
> +
> +#define NOTSET -1
> +struct worker {
> + pid_t pid;
> + unsigned int order_id;
> + char str[50];
> +};
> +
> +struct timeval start, end, total;
> +static unsigned int start_nr = 100;
> +static unsigned int end_nr = 1100;
> +static unsigned int increment_by = 100;
> +static int bench_dur = NOTSET;
> +static int num_jobs = NOTSET;
> +static bool run_jobs;
> +
> +/* Shared variables between fork processes*/
> +unsigned int *finished, *setup;
> +unsigned long long *shared_workers;
> +/* all processes will block on the same futex */
> +u_int32_t *futex;
> +
> +static const struct option options[] = {
> + OPT_UINTEGER('s', "start", &start_nr, "Number of processes to start"),
> + OPT_UINTEGER('e', "end", &end_nr, "Number of processes to end"),
> + OPT_UINTEGER('i', "increment", &increment_by, "Numbers of processes to
> increment)"),
> + OPT_INTEGER('r', "runtime", &bench_dur, "Specify benchmark runtime in
> seconds"),
> + OPT_INTEGER('j', "jobs", &num_jobs, "Specify number of jobs per
> process"),
> + OPT_END()
> +};
> +
> +static const char * const bench_locking_vfs_usage[] = {
> + "perf bench locking vfs <options>",
> + NULL
> +};
> +
> +/* Running bench vfs workload */
> +static void *run_bench_vfs(struct worker *workers)
> +{
> + int fd;
> + unsigned long long nr_ops = 0;
> + int ret;
> + int jobs = num_jobs;
> +
> + sprintf(workers->str, "%d-XXXXXX", getpid());
> + ret = mkstemp(workers->str);
> + if (ret < 0)
> + err(EXIT_FAILURE, "mkstemp");
> +
> + /* Signal to parent process and wait till all processes/ are ready run
> */
> + setup[workers->order_id] = 1;
> + syscall(SYS_futex, futex, FUTEX_WAIT, 0, NULL, NULL, 0);
> +
> + /* Start of the benchmark keep looping till parent process signal
> completion */
> + while ((run_jobs ? jobs : (!*finished))) {
> + fd = creat(workers->str, S_IRWXU);
> + if (fd < 0)
> + err(EXIT_FAILURE, "creat");
> + nr_ops++;
> + if (run_jobs)
> + jobs--;
> + close(fd);
> + }
> +
> + unlink(workers->str);
> + shared_workers[workers->order_id] = nr_ops;
> + setup[workers->order_id] = 0;
> + exit(0);
> +}
> +
> +/* Setting shared variable finished and shared_workers */
> +static void setup_shared(void)
> +{
> + unsigned int *finished_tmp, *setup_tmp;
> + unsigned long long *shared_workers_tmp;
> + u_int32_t *futex_tmp;
> +
> + /* finished shared var is use to signal start and end of benchmark */
> + finished_tmp = (void *)mmap(0, sizeof(unsigned int),
> PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE,
> + MAP_SHARED|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);
> + if (finished_tmp == (void *) -1)
> + err(EXIT_FAILURE, "mmap finished");
> + finished = finished_tmp;
> +
> + /* shared_workers is an array of ops perform by each process */
> + shared_workers_tmp = (void *)mmap(0, sizeof(unsigned long long)*end_nr,
> + PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);
> + if (shared_workers_tmp == (void *) -1)
> + err(EXIT_FAILURE, "mmap shared_workers");
> + shared_workers = shared_workers_tmp;
> +
> + /* setup is use for each processes to signal that it is done
> + * setting up for the benchmark and is ready to run */
> + setup_tmp = (void *)mmap(0, sizeof(unsigned int)*end_nr,
> + PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);
> + if (setup_tmp == (void *) -1)
> + err(EXIT_FAILURE, "mmap shared_workers");
> + setup = setup_tmp;
> +
> + /* Processes will sleep on this futex until all other processes
> + * are done setting up and are ready to run */
> + futex_tmp = (void *)mmap(0, sizeof(u_int32_t *), PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE,
> + MAP_SHARED|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);
> + if (futex_tmp == (void *) -1)
> + err(EXIT_FAILURE, "mmap finished");
> + futex = futex_tmp;
> + (*futex) = 0;
> +}
> +
> +/* Freeing shared variables */
> +static void free_resources(void)
> +{
> + if ((munmap(finished, sizeof(unsigned int)) == -1))
> + err(EXIT_FAILURE, "munmap finished");
> +
> + if ((munmap(shared_workers, sizeof(unsigned long long) * end_nr) == -1))
> + err(EXIT_FAILURE, "munmap shared_workers");
> +
> + if ((munmap(setup, sizeof(unsigned int) * end_nr) == -1))
> + err(EXIT_FAILURE, "munmap shared_workers");
> +
> + if ((munmap(futex, sizeof(u_int32_t))) == -1)
> + err(EXIT_FAILURE, "munmap finished");
> +}
> +
> +/* Start to spawn workers and wait till all workers have been
> + * created before starting workload */
> +static void spawn_workers(void *(*bench_ptr) (struct worker *))
> +{
> + pid_t parent, child;
> + unsigned int i, j, k;
> + struct worker workers;
> + unsigned long long total_ops;
> + unsigned int total_workers;
> +
> + parent = getpid();
> + setup_shared();
> +
> + /* This loop through all the run each is increment by increment_by */
> + for (i = start_nr; i <= end_nr; i += increment_by) {
> +
> + for (j = 0; j < i; j++) {
> + if (!fork())
> + break;
> + }
> +
> + child = getpid();
> + /* Initialize child worker struct and run benchmark */
> + if (child != parent) {
> + workers.order_id = j;
> + workers.pid = child;
> + bench_ptr(&workers);
> + }
> + /* Parent to sleep during the duration of benchmark */
> + else{
> + /* Make sure all child process are created and setup
> + * before starting benchmark for bench_dur durations */
> + do {
> + total_workers = 0;
> + for (k = 0; k < i; k++)
> + total_workers = total_workers +
> setup[k];
> + } while (total_workers != i);
> +
> + /* Wake up all sleeping process to run the benchmark */
> + (*futex) = 1;
> + syscall(SYS_futex, futex, FUTEX_WAKE, i, NULL, NULL, 0);
> +
> + /* If run time parameters is set */
> + if (!run_jobs) {
> + /* All proccesses are ready signal them to run
> */
> + gettimeofday(&start, NULL);
> + sleep(bench_dur);
> + (*finished) = 1;
> + gettimeofday(&end, NULL);
> + timersub(&end, &start, &total);
> +
> + for (k = 0; k < i; k++)
> + wait(NULL);
> + }
> + /* If jobs per proccesses is set */
> + else {
> + /* All proccesses are ready signal them to run
> */
> + gettimeofday(&start, NULL);
> + /* Wait for all process to terminate before
> getting outputs */
> + for (k = 0; k < i; k++)
> + wait(NULL);
> + gettimeofday(&end, NULL);
> + timersub(&end, &start, &total);
> + }
> +
> + /* Sum up all the ops by each process and report */
> + total_ops = 0;
> + for (k = 0; k < i; k++)
> + total_ops = total_ops + shared_workers[k];
> +
> + printf("\n%6d processes: throughput = %llu average
> opts/sec all processes\n",
> + i, (total_ops / (!total.tv_sec ? 1 :
> total.tv_sec)));
> +
> + printf("%6d processes: throughput = %llu average
> opts/sec per process\n",
> + i, ((total_ops/(!total.tv_sec ? 1 :
> total.tv_sec))/(!i ? 1 : i)));
> +
> + /* Reset back to 0 for next run */
> + (*finished) = 0;
> + (*futex) = 0;
> + }
> + }
> +}
> +
> +int bench_locking_vfs(int argc, const char **argv,
> + const char *prefix __maybe_unused)
> +{
> + argc = parse_options(argc, argv, options, bench_locking_vfs_usage, 0);
> +
> + /* If errors parsing options or if both run time and job options is set
> */
> + if (argc || ((bench_dur != NOTSET) && (num_jobs != NOTSET))) {
> + fprintf(stderr, "\n runtime and jobs options can not both be
> specified\n");
> + usage_with_options(bench_locking_vfs_usage, options);
> + exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
> + }
> + /* If both run time and jobs options is not set default to run time
> only*/
> + if ((bench_dur == NOTSET) && (num_jobs == NOTSET))
> + bench_dur = 5;
> +
> + if (num_jobs != NOTSET)
> + run_jobs = true;
> +
> + spawn_workers(run_bench_vfs);
> + free_resources();
> + return 0;
> +}
> diff --git a/tools/perf/builtin-bench.c b/tools/perf/builtin-bench.c
> index b9a56fa..fdfb089 100644
> --- a/tools/perf/builtin-bench.c
> +++ b/tools/perf/builtin-bench.c
> @@ -63,6 +63,13 @@ static struct bench futex_benchmarks[] = {
> { NULL, NULL, NULL
> }
> };
>
> +static struct bench locking_benchmarks[] = {
> + { "vfs", "Benchmark vfs using creat(2)",
> bench_locking_vfs },
> + { "all", "Run all benchmarks in this suite", NULL
> },
> + { NULL, NULL, NULL
> }
> +};
> +
> +
> struct collection {
> const char *name;
> const char *summary;
> @@ -76,6 +83,7 @@ static struct collection collections[] = {
> { "numa", "NUMA scheduling and MM benchmarks",
> numa_benchmarks },
> #endif
> {"futex", "Futex stressing benchmarks",
> futex_benchmarks },
> + {"locking", "Kernel locking benchmarks",
> locking_benchmarks },
> { "all", "All benchmarks", NULL
> },
> { NULL, NULL, NULL
> }
> };
> --
> 1.9.1
>
>
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