Linux-Misc Digest #946, Volume #24 Mon, 26 Jun 00 15:13:02 EDT
Contents:
Re: Who is loading the system and why? (J Bland)
Re: Can I run X on an old laptop? ("Harold Hickey")
Re: GNU/LINUX at city of Boston Public Library departments (David Steuber)
Who is loading the system and why? (David Steuber)
Re: Weird email to FETCHMAIL-DAEMON (long) (David Steuber)
Re: Weird email to FETCHMAIL-DAEMON (long) (David Steuber)
Re: linux as a client :-( (Rod Smith)
Re: getting rid of Linux (David Steuber)
Re: Unable to print from remote box (MH)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (J Bland)
Subject: Re: Who is loading the system and why?
Date: 26 Jun 2000 18:37:43 GMT
>The apm program still works. I don't see that I need apmd. I'm not
>exactly sure what it offers. The man page is of no help.
It's for automating things like going into standby mode on laptops when
you're battery's low etc. If this is a desktop system I see very little point
in having it.
>Problem solved, I guess.
Yep.
Frinky
------------------------------
From: "Harold Hickey" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: Can I run X on an old laptop?
Date: Sun, 25 Jun 2000 07:36:15 GMT
Is part of your system RAM used as shared video RAM?
That might explain the 2 Meg difference.
------------------------------
From: David Steuber <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: GNU/LINUX at city of Boston Public Library departments
Date: Sun, 25 Jun 2000 06:00:01 GMT
Bob <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
' I'd rather get the job done. "Best"results are something
' only academics have time to produce.
Getting the job done is certainly important. If you don't do that,
then the rest is moot. As for the ``Best'' results, they are
determined by accuracy and ease of reading. If it is inaccurate or
you can't read it easily, the the results are suboptimal.
' Not true. It is much easier to learn to produce reasonable
' documents with Word.
Really? In some cases, this may be true. But how difficult is this:
=============<snip>==================
\hsize=115mm
``Good morning!'' he said at last. ``We don't want any
adventures here, thank you! You might try over The Hill
or across The Water.'' By this he meant that the
conversation was at an end.
``What a lot of things you do use {\it Good morning\/}
for!'' said Gandalf. ``Now you mean that you want to get
rid of me, and that it won't be good till I move off.
``Not at all, not at all, my dear sir! Let me see,
I don't think I know your name?''
``Yes, yes, my dear sir!---and I do know your name,
Mr.~Bilbo Baggins. And you do know my name, though you
don't remember that I belong to it. I am Gandalf, and
Gandalf means me! To think that I should have lived
to be good-morninged by Beladonna Took's son, as if I was
selling buttons at the door!''
``Gandalf, Gandalf! Good gracious me! Not the wandering
wizard that gave Old Took a pair a pair of magic diamond studs
that fastened themselves and never came undone till ordered?
Not the fellow who used to tell such wonderful tales at
parties, about the dragons and goblins and giants and the
rescue of princesses and the unexpected luck of widows'
sons? \dots\ Bless me, life used to be quite inter---I mean,
you used to upset things badly in these parts once upon
a time. I beg your pardon, but I had no idea you were
still in business.''\footnote*{J. R. R. Tolkien,
{\it The Hobbit.}}
\bye
=============<snip>==================
' True. However, mediocre gets the job done most of the time.
And when it comes to an office memo, perhaps a simple e-mail in plain
ascii is the form of mediocrity to take.
I tell you, if you knew what goes into a .doc file, you would stop
using that format immediately. You might go with rtf instead, but it
seams that Microsoft keeps changing that too.
The above TeX file is pretty darn simple. You can start to get fancy
when you typeset math:
=============<snip>==================
\hsize=6in
\vsize=9.5in
\centerline{\bf 3. Endomorphisms of an $A$-module
of finite type}
\medskip
\noindent Theorem 3.1.
{\it If $M$ is an $A$-module of finite type and
$u:M\rightarrow M$ is an endomorphism of $M$, the following
equivalence holds:
$$
u \hbox{ is surjective }\iff u \hbox{ is bijective.}
$$}% end of italics
The direction $\Leftarrow$ is obvious. We show
the opposite direction $\Rightarrow$. Let
$(x_1,x_2,\ldots,x_n)$ be generators for $M$.
Since $u$ is surjective, there exist $y_i\in M$ such
that $x_i=u(y_i)$. Since the $x_i$ generate $M$,
there exist $a_{ij}\in A$ ($1\le i\le n$) such that
$y_i=\sum_{j=1}^n a_{ij}x_j$, whence
$$
x_i=\sum_{j=1}^n a_{ij}u(x_j)\qquad\hbox{for $i\le i\le n$}.
\leqno(3.1.1)
$$
Giving $M$ the $A[T]$-module structure defined by $u$,
this implies that
$$
x_i=\sum_{j=1}^n (a_{ij}T)x_j\qquad\hbox{in $M$}.
\leqno(3.1.2)
$$
Now give the $A[T]$=module $M^n$ the Mat$_n(A[T])$-module
structure described in (2.2.4). It is easy to see that
(3.1.2) implies that, in $M^n$,
$$
\pmatrix{
1-Ta_{11} & -a_{12} & \ldots& -a_{1n} \cr
-a_{21} & 1-Ta_{22}& \ldots& -a_{2n} \cr
\vdots & \vdots & \ddots& \vdots \cr
-a_{n1} & -a_{n2} & \ldots& 1=Ta_{nn}\cr
}
\pmatrix{x_1 \cr x_2 \cr \vdots \cr x_n \cr } = 0.
\leqno\rm (3.1.3)
$$
\bye
=============<snip>==================
You may be wondering how the heck the 2nd example turns out. Well, I
will show you how both examples turn out. This is not a binaries
group, so I will just post links:
http://www.david-steuber.com/hobbit.pdf
http://www.david-steuber.com/math.pdf
I suspect the second example would be most difficult to do in Word.
The first example may look trivial, but I suspect Word can't do it
quite right. In either case, both input files were entered with
XEmacs, an editor that won't rearrange your file out of shear whimsy.
Nor will it force you to format according to the printer that you have
hooked up to your system. Isn't it a bitch how Word will do that?
Imagine assuming that your printer is the final output device!
When you get around to more complex documents, you do have to know
more for both TeX and its derivatives and for MS Word. The difference
is that TeX will let you do what you want to do. MS Word will reach a
point where it just says, ``no!''
--
David Steuber | Hi! My name is David Steuber, and I am
NRA Member | a hoploholic.
All bits are significant. Some bits are more significant than others.
-- Charles Babbage Orwell
------------------------------
From: David Steuber <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Who is loading the system and why?
Date: Sun, 25 Jun 2000 06:00:00 GMT
My load average is higher than it should be, and I don't know why.
Can someone give me a clue from this snapshot of top?
1:08am up 1:40, 3 users, load average: 1.07, 1.03, 1.01
49 processes: 48 sleeping, 1 running, 0 zombie, 0 stopped
CPU states: 2.7% user, 1.3% system, 0.0% nice, 96.2% idle
Mem: 127932K av, 123704K used, 4228K free, 47972K shrd, 55456K buff
Swap: 136072K av, 640K used, 135432K free 21616K cached
PID USER PRI NI SIZE RSS SHARE STAT LIB %CPU %MEM TIME COMMAND
230 root 9 0 11620 11M 1972 S 0 1.5 9.0 0:20 X
914 david 14 0 788 788 616 R 0 1.3 0.6 0:01 top
336 david 9 0 4152 4152 2980 S 0 0.7 3.2 0:07 kvt
248 david 2 0 4196 4196 3076 S 0 0.3 3.2 0:01 kwm
1 root 0 0 196 196 168 S 0 0.0 0.1 0:05 init
2 root 0 0 0 0 0 SW 0 0.0 0.0 0:00 kflushd
3 root 0 0 0 0 0 SW 0 0.0 0.0 0:00 kupdate
4 root 0 0 0 0 0 SW 0 0.0 0.0 0:00 kpiod
5 root 0 0 0 0 0 SW 0 0.0 0.0 0:00 kswapd
81 root 0 0 620 620 468 S 0 0.0 0.4 0:00 cardmgr
122 root 0 0 648 648 536 S 0 0.0 0.5 0:00 syslogd
125 root 0 0 768 768 392 S 0 0.0 0.6 0:00 klogd
157 root 0 0 468 468 400 D 0 0.0 0.3 0:00 apmd
158 root 0 0 468 468 400 S 0 0.0 0.3 0:00 apmd
162 at 0 0 552 552 456 S 0 0.0 0.4 0:00 atd
164 root 0 0 0 0 0 SW 0 0.0 0.0 0:00 rpciod
167 root 0 0 572 572 480 S 0 0.0 0.4 0:00 inetd
180 root 0 0 624 624 528 S 0 0.0 0.4 0:00 lpd
201 root 0 0 632 632 512 S 0 0.0 0.4 0:00 cron
208 root 0 0 796 796 612 S 0 0.0 0.6 0:00 nscd
209 root 0 0 796 796 612 S 0 0.0 0.6 0:00 nscd
210 root 0 0 796 796 612 S 0 0.0 0.6 0:00 nscd
211 root 0 0 796 796 612 S 0 0.0 0.6 0:00 nscd
212 root 0 0 796 796 612 S 0 0.0 0.6 0:00 nscd
213 root 0 0 796 796 612 S 0 0.0 0.6 0:00 nscd
214 root 0 0 796 796 612 S 0 0.0 0.6 0:00 nscd
222 root 0 0 448 448 376 S 0 0.0 0.3 0:00 mingetty
223 root 0 0 448 448 376 S 0 0.0 0.3 0:00 mingetty
224 root 0 0 448 448 376 S 0 0.0 0.3 0:00 mingetty
225 root 0 0 448 448 376 S 0 0.0 0.3 0:00 mingetty
226 root 0 0 448 448 376 S 0 0.0 0.3 0:00 mingetty
227 root 0 0 448 448 376 S 0 0.0 0.3 0:00 mingetty
228 root 0 0 2280 2280 2040 S 0 0.0 1.7 0:00 kdm
231 root 0 0 3564 3160 2556 S 0 0.0 2.4 0:00 kdm
314 david 0 0 3368 3368 2452 S 0 0.0 2.6 0:00 kwmsound
317 david 0 0 4760 4760 3468 S 0 0.0 3.7 0:01 kfm
323 david 0 0 3760 3760 2808 S 0 0.0 2.9 0:01 kbgndwm
326 david 0 0 3584 3584 2656 S 0 0.0 2.8 0:00 krootwm
329 david 0 0 4320 4320 3128 S 0 0.0 3.3 0:01 kpanel
330 david 0 0 2016 1780 1200 S 0 0.0 1.3 0:00 kaudioserver
331 david 0 0 2468 2468 1648 S 0 0.0 1.9 0:00 maudio
342 david 0 0 1356 1356 900 S 0 0.0 1.0 0:00 bash
477 root 0 0 1152 1152 852 S 0 0.0 0.9 0:00 sendmail
491 david 10 0 14100 13M 3516 S 0 0.0 11.0 1:13 xemacs
633 david 0 0 2708 2708 432 S 0 0.0 2.1 0:00 ispell
806 david 0 0 4236 4236 2972 S 0 0.0 3.3 0:00 kvt
807 david 0 0 1340 1340 892 S 0 0.0 1.0 0:00 bash
821 david 0 0 588 588 564 S 0 0.0 0.4 0:00 rlogin
824 david 0 0 596 596 564 S 0 0.0 0.4 0:00 rlogin
--
David Steuber | Hi! My name is David Steuber, and I am
NRA Member | a hoploholic.
All bits are significant. Some bits are more significant than others.
-- Charles Babbage Orwell
------------------------------
From: David Steuber <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: Weird email to FETCHMAIL-DAEMON (long)
Date: Sun, 25 Jun 2000 17:00:02 GMT
David Steuber <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
' Ah! ``set nobouncemail'' is listed waaaaaaaaayyyyyy down in the
' fetchmail man page. I just put this in my ~/.fetchmailrc file.
' Postmaster is set to david, so I should get the bounce.
And it causes a parse error :-(. Even if I use fetchmailconf to set
this, I get a parse error. It is like the man page and fetchmailconf
are ahead of fetchmail!
--
David Steuber | Hi! My name is David Steuber, and I am
NRA Member | a hoploholic.
All bits are significant. Some bits are more significant than others.
-- Charles Babbage Orwell
------------------------------
From: David Steuber <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: Weird email to FETCHMAIL-DAEMON (long)
Date: Sun, 25 Jun 2000 07:00:00 GMT
[Posted and mailed]
[EMAIL PROTECTED] (Rod Smith) writes:
' I assume you mean [EMAIL PROTECTED], since that's what=
' I see in the messages.
Yep. A recurring typo.
' One thing that might help is to examine what happens when your systems
' (both the ISP that hosts your david-steuber.com domain and your local
' system) receives e-mail addressed to FETCHMAIL-DAEMON. I was getting
' messages double-bounced to root because FETCHMAIL-DAEMON was a
' non-existant user on my system at one time. I've now got Fetchmail
' configured to re-write outgoing headers so that the username
' FETCHMAIL-DAEMON doesn't appear in my outgoing mail; it's rewritten to
' postmaster. Alternatively, you could create an account called
' FETCHMAIL-DAEMON and monitor its incoming messages.
fetchmail has a -v option which can be doubled. Last time I tried
that, a while ago, I only recall seeing the conversation with the POP3 =
server and not the local MTA.
' If Sendmail refuses to accept a message (say because it thinks the
' message is a relay), then Fetchmail will return the message to the
' sender via whatever route it's configured to use, using the
' FETCHMAIL-DAEMON account. This can get quite confusing. Fetchmail's
' error messages aren't always very informative. For instance, I've got
' some anti-spam measures on my Postfix configuration (the equivalent of
' Sendmail in your setup). If Postfix spots certain key words or phrases,=
' it bounces the mail. On the return mail seen by the recipient, the clai=
m
' is that the message was too long. I now suspect that something like thi=
s
' is happening with you, but I don't know precisely what the cause is.
That could be happening, I don't know. I found this in the fetchmail
man page under ``Spam Filtering'':
Mail that is spam-blocked triggers an RFC1892 bounce mes=AD
sage informing the originator that we do not accept mail
from it.
I do _not_ want to bounce mail. I do not know how to turn off this
feature.
' So I think it is Fetchmail that's generating the spam message. I can
' think of four possibilities:
' =
' 1) There's some poorly-documented anti-spam feature of Fetchmail
' of which you've run afoul;
' 2) You've set some anti-spam measure in Fetchmail and aren't aware
' of the fact;
' 3) Fetchmail or Sendmail is rejecting the message for some non-spam
' reason, but Fetchmail is mistakenly including the spam message;
' 4) There's a bug in Fetchmail that's causing it to reject messages
' and claim that they're spam.
' =
' My hunch is that, from the Fetchmail rejection, the mail is getting
' bounced around several times because of the fact that two protocols (PO=
P
' and SMTP), several mail servers, a (presumably) bogus FETCHMAIL-DAEMON
' address, and a bogus localhost.localdomain hostname are all involved,
' leading to the tangled mess you've got that looks like old BASIC
' "spaghetti code" look clear.
'
' If I had to wager, I'd say that #3 above is correct. I can't say I know=
' why the message is being rejected, but I suspect that's it. I gather
' that this problem occurs with only some messages. Is that correct? Have=
' you been able to isolate specific cases that cause the problem, such as=
' e-mail from specific domains? If you can reproduce it at will, I'd say
' you might want to try using an experimental approach to isolate the
' problem by simplifying your configuration, increasing debugging output,=
' and changing key aspects of the original message until you can track it=
' down.
I've not been able to find a reproducible case. It happens from time
to time, and these strange messages from BA telling me that their spam =
filter has bounced a message back to me are disturbing. I don't want
BA accusing me of sending spam when fetchmail trys to do a bounce to a =
non-existant domain or address.
' I don't think it's BA that's bouncing the mail. It looks to me like BA
' only gets involved when your local Fetchmail bounces the mail (itself o=
r
I agree. The thing I am trying to figure out is why fetchmail does
the bounce and how to stop it. If I could just figure out how
/etc/sendmail.cf works, a monster of a file, I might be able to refuse =
to forward messages from FETCHMAIL-DAEMON.
' because your local Sendmail bounces the mail). After all, the mail was
' addressed to [EMAIL PROTECTED], which is your non-BA ISP. That=
' mail gets fetched by Fetchmail and doesn't touch BA's mail server (just=
' BA's DSL network). Only after something on your system bounces the mail=
' does BA's mail server see it, and by that time the bounce has corrupted=
' the address -- the message that identifies the mail as spam bears a "To=
"
' address of [EMAIL PROTECTED] BA therefore bounces that
' message, apparently back to your non-BA ISP, then back through
' Fetchmail, which at least accepts the bounce.
I think the precise chain of events goes something like this:
1) fetchmail picks up mail from my POP3 accounts;
2) fetchmail sends each message to david@localhost via port 25
3) something unwanted happens
4) fetchmail sends a bounce message via port 25 on localhost
5) sendmail forwards bounce message to smtpout.bellatlantic.net
6) smtp.bellatlantic.net sends a bounce message to a POP3 account
at david-steuber.com
7) return to 1
' Again, although I'm ready to cast lots of blame on BA for many things
' (they're my *FORMER* ISP ;-) ), I think they're blameless in this one.
I agree.
' Have you tried the "set no bouncemail" option? That should direct error=
s
' to the local postmaster rather than the sender, which should at least
' simplify the headers. You might also want to check the Fetchmail
' documentation with respect to anti-spam measures. I've not yet studied
' it very closely, but there is an option that affects what sorts of MTA
' error messages it interprets as spam blocks. If Sendmail is rejecting
' the message for some reason that Fetchmail is mis-interpreting as a spa=
m
' block, you can at least use these Fetchmail options to eliminate the
' misleading spam message.
Ah! ``set nobouncemail'' is listed waaaaaaaaayyyyyy down in the
fetchmail man page. I just put this in my ~/.fetchmailrc file.
Postmaster is set to david, so I should get the bounce.
' Is it possible that Sendmail is refusing the message because of the
' bogus Sender: line? If Sendmail bounced the message for this reason and=
' Fetchmail interpreted this as an anti-spam measure, everything else
' would fall into place. Reconfigure Sendmail to accept mail from bogus
' Sender: addresses and all the problems will go away. Unfortunately, I
' can't offer any advice on this, since I find Sendmail configuration to
' be 50% voodoo, which is why I use Postfix. You might want to dig into
' your Sendmail configuration, or if you've been considering replacing it=
' for other reasons, do so and see what happens.
I don't know. The /etc/sendmail.cf file is large. Really large. The =
comments don't help me a whole lot. But I don't think I have any
rules for bouncing mail. Then again, fetchmail should only send a
bounce when sendmail refuses to accept delivery. So I need to find
good online documentation for sendmail.cf so that I can find the rule
and force sendmail to accept all mail for local accounts. In the case =
of mail destined elsewhere, which should never, ever happen, I would
like it directed to the david account. The only mail that should be
relayed out of my LAN to BA is mail that I send from my own IPs ( I
use private 10.n.n.n addresses for my machines ).
What is most puzzling to me is that in ~/fetchmail.rc, I have that
line ``user there is david here'' for each POP3 account. All mail
should be sent to david by fetchmail. There should be no way for
someone to force fetchmail into being an open relay for uce.
-- =
David Steuber | Hi! My name is David Steuber, and I am
NRA Member | a hoploholic.
All bits are significant. Some bits are more significant than others.
-- Charles Babbage Orwell
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Rod Smith)
Subject: Re: linux as a client :-(
Date: Sun, 25 Jun 2000 19:15:16 GMT
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
[Posted and mailed]
In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
Edward Lee <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
> Fred Mertz wrote:
>
>> RedHat (and most other distributions) support TrueType fonts. If you
>> download and install the Microsoft fonts (Arial, Verdana, etc.), then your
>> browser on Linux should look very similar to your browser under Windows.
>
> You can just copy them from Window font directories. I read somewhere that
> the fonts are copyrighted. So you can't legally use them in non-Window
> systems. I am still waiting for my personal letter from M$ legal department.
Microsoft has made a number of fonts available for use by all, although
they do have a non-redistribution clause. These fonts are at:
http://www.microsoft.com/typography/fontpack/default.htm
Among other things, Microsoft states "anyone can download and install
these fonts for their own use." They do restrict distribution of the
fonts with products, so Red Hat (for example) can't legally distribute
them with Red Hat Linux. I haven't read the whole agreement carefully
lately, but I don't recall anything forbidding the use of those fonts
under Linux.
That said, this only applies to those fonts on Microsoft's web site,
including Times New Roman, Arial, Courier New, Andale Mono, Verdana,
Georgia, Comic Sans, and Trebuchet. If you've got fonts installed in
Windows from some other source (Bitstream, Adobe, Microsoft, whoever),
you're bound by their license terms and the laws of your country.
--
Rod Smith, [EMAIL PROTECTED]
http://www.rodsbooks.com
Author of books on Linux networking & multi-OS configuration
------------------------------
From: David Steuber <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: getting rid of Linux
Date: Sun, 25 Jun 2000 07:00:00 GMT
<[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
' How on earth do I get Linux OFF my computer?
Use FDISK, just like with any other operating system you want to get
rid of. Don't forget fdisk /MBR to get rid of the boot partition.
--
David Steuber | Hi! My name is David Steuber, and I am
NRA Member | a hoploholic.
All bits are significant. Some bits are more significant than others.
-- Charles Babbage Orwell
------------------------------
From: MH <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: Unable to print from remote box
Date: Mon, 26 Jun 2000 11:54:51 -0700
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
David Efflandt wrote:
>
> On Sun, 25 Jun 2000 18:47:17 -0700, MH <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> >When I send a print job to my printserver, nothing happens. Jobs are
> >sent to the local spool but they are never forwarded to the printserver
> >for processing. I can print from the printserver. All other boxes are
> >configured to use the remote lpd and queue. Does my printserver need to
> >be running NFS server services?
>
> Have you set up /etc/hosts.lpd on the print server, which is simply a list
> of hosts allowed to print? This should really be explained in the
> Printing-HOWTO, but I never could find docs about hosts.lpd.
>
> --
> David Efflandt [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://www.de-srv.com/
> http://www.autox.chicago.il.us/ http://www.berniesfloral.net/
> http://hammer.prohosting.com/~cgi-wiz/ http://cgi-help.virtualave.net/
Yes. I followed the format for the "hosts file". Yes, my "hosts.allow"
permits access to the remote hosts.
------------------------------
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