Nathan Heagy wrote:
>
> I'm trying to setup a simple cron backup. Here's the script as it is:
>
> ftmt -f /dev/nqft0 reten
> tar czvf /dev/nqft0 /
> ftmt -f /dev/nqft0 rewind
>
> which isn't working because the tape keeps filling, with this error:
>
> [167] 0 ftape-rw.c (skip_reverse) - Still at EOT while reverse
> seeking :-(.
> [168] 0 fdc-isr.c (determine_progress) - Error "overrun" at 101897/13.
> [169] 0 ftape-write.c (ftape_write_segment) - write error, retry 1
> (101897).
>
<snip...>
Two parts to my comments.
1) the overrun and write errors seem familiar to those I
experienced until I slowed down my Ditto Max drive - set the
rate_limit parameter in conf.modules against the ftape entry
(refer to the various HOWTOs for more information). A copy of my
conf.modules is appended.
2) also appended is a script (parts from ftape HOWTOs) I wrote as
an experiment to generate, control and interact with native tar
backups onto tape. The script can be called manually or from cron.
I pipe the results to email so I am informed of backup outcomes
remotely.
General comment: any script gurus want to comment on my script and
offer suggestions for
improvements/corrections? Linux newbies like myself can learn a
lot from such discussions.
# conf.modules #
alias eth0 ne
options ne io=0x300
alias sdla sdla
alias char-major-27 zftape
options ftape -f ft_fdc_driver=ftape-internal,none,none,none
ft_tracings=3,3,3,3,3
options zftape -f ft_major_device_number=27
options ftape-internal -f ft_fdc_fc10=0 ft_fdc_mach2=0
ft_fdc_base=0x210 ft_fdc_irq=9 ft_fdc_dma=3
ft_fdc_rate_limit=2000 # ft_fdc_threshold=15
#pre-install ftape-internal /sbin/swapout 16
# Backup script #
# don't copy this from a DOS/WIN machine onto Linux, Win CR/LF
differs from Unix! #
# and messes up scripts in peculiar ways (bitter personal
experience) #
#!/bin/bash
#
# Backup control script V1.00
# written by Andy Corteen 1999-08-19
# - run manually or via cron -
#
# ###################################
#
# Initialise global variables
#
TAPEDEV=/dev/tape #must be a non-rewinding ftape device
DIFFFILE=BACKUP.DIFF.FILE
TEMPFILE=BACKUP.TMP
FILEDIR=$(sh -c "/usr/bin/dirname $0")
FILESTORE=$(echo -e "$FILEDIR/$DIFFFILE")
TEMPSTORE=$(echo -e "$FILEDIR/$TEMPFILE")
DIFFDATE=$(sh -c '/bin/date +"%Y-%m-%d"')
HDATE=$(sh -c '/bin/date +"%a %Y-%m-%d %T %Z"')
# ###################################
#
# Function definitions
#
### Abnormal exit
ABEXIT () {
ABTIME=$(sh -c '/bin/date +"%T %Z"')
echo -e "\n!FAILED! at $ABTIME - $1"
exit 1
}
### Validate command line
VALIDATECMD () {
if [ $# -gt 1 ] || [ $# -lt 1 ]
then
# wrong number of parameters - abort
echo -e "Command line error: $0 $@ ($#)"
echo -e "Usage: [path]backups {Full|Diff|Status}"
ABEXIT "should be 1 parameter, not $#"
elif [ $1 = "Full" ] || [ $1 = "Diff" ] || [ $1 = "Status" ]
then
# all seems well, carry on...
return 0
else
# unrecognised command line parameter
echo -e "Command line error: $0 $@"
echo -e "Usage: [path]backups {Full|Diff|Status}"
ABEXIT "parameter not recognised (we are case sensitive)"
fi
}
### Validate tape device
VALIDATEDEV () {
if ! [ -c $TAPEDEV ]
then
# referred device problem!
echo -e "$TAPEDEV is not a character device"
ABEXIT "script and/or $TAPEDEV setup broken"
else
# all seems well, carry on...
return 0
fi
}
### Move to & confirm root directory
CHECKROOT () {
# move to root "/"
cd /
# check move worked
PWDSTRING=$(sh -c /bin/pwd)
if [ $PWDSTRING != "/" ]
then
# change to root failed!
echo -e "Unable to change to root directory"
ABEXIT "cannot verify if not in root"
else
# all seems well, carry on...
return 0
fi
}
### Rewind the tape
REWIND () {
if ! /usr/bin/ftmt -f $TAPEDEV rewind
then
# rewind failed - maybe no tape in drive?
echo -e "Rewind of $TAPEDEV failed"
ABEXIT "no tape? drive open? drive busy? bad tape?"
else
# all seems well, carry on...
return 0
fi
}
### DO-STATUS report on tape
DOSTATUS () {
# header bumph
echo -e "\nSTATUS: Contents of $TAPEDEV"
/usr/bin/printf "%11s%12s%20s%20s\n" \
"File Number" "Block Size" "Volume Size" "Tape Space"
# dump temporary file, if it exists
trap "rm -f $TEMPSTORE"
# process tape volinfo reports one by one
while true
do
# read volume info from tape & pre-parse
if ! foo=$(/usr/bin/ftmt -f $TAPEDEV volinfo | /usr/bin/cut -f
2 -d =)
then
# volinfo command failed
echo -e "volinfo command &/or parsing failed"
ABEXIT "cannot proceed"
fi
# separate parsed data into variables
echo $foo > $TEMPSTORE #echo $foo >
read file blksz used usedunit size sizeunit < $TEMPSTORE
# position tape header to next volume
if ! /usr/bin/ftmt -f $TAPEDEV fsf 1 >/dev/null
then
# no more volumes on tape, so current one is status info
echo -e "\nRemaining space: $used $usedunit"
echo -e "Tape block size: $blksz"
# all safely done, so return
return 0
fi
# not on last volume, so print stats from previous read
/usr/bin/printf "%6d %5d %20s%20s\n" \
$file $blksz "$size $sizeunit" "$used $usedunit"
done # while loop
}
### Differential backups
DODIFF () {
# Set block size
/usr/bin/ftmt setblk 10240
# Set to end of used media
/usr/bin/ftmt eom
# ascertain diff date
read DIFFDATE < $FILESTORE
if ! echo $DIFFDATE | /usr/bin/grep \
[1-2][0-9][0-9][0-9][-][0-9][0-9][-][0-9][0-9] >/dev/null
then
# read failed for some reason - warn operator but continue
# with Diff backup using today's date as a default...wise?
DIFFDATE=$(sh -c '/bin/date +"%Y-%m-%d"')
echo -e "unable to read $FILESTORE, using $DIFFDATE as default"
fi
# Advise operation and date
echo -e "\nDiff: backup (append) with verify, using $DIFFDATE\n"
# perform standard "tar" backup with options as follows
# c=create W=verify B=re-block N=after date -C=start in dir
# --ignore-failed-read=soldier on --exclude=omit file or folder
# can't use compression because verify excludes compression
if ! /bin/tar -cWBf $TAPEDEV --totals --ignore-failed-read -C / \
--exclude /proc -N $DIFFDATE /
then
# report the errors, but don't ABEXIT
echo -e "Tar reported errors during backup"
fi
# exit normally
return 0
}
### Full backups
DOFULL () {
# set block size
/usr/bin/ftmt setblk 10240
# erase tape, retension first as defence against tape stretch
/usr/bin/ftmt retension
/usr/bin/ftmt erase
# Advise operation
echo -e "\nFull: backup (overwrite) with verify\n"
# write date control file
echo $DIFFDATE > $FILESTORE
# perform standard "tar" backup with options as follows
# c=create W=verify B=re-block --ignore-failed-read=soldier on
# --exclude=omit file or folder -C=start in dir
# can't use compression because verify excludes compression
if ! /bin/tar -cWBf $TAPEDEV --totals --ignore-failed-read -C / \
--exclude /proc /
then
# report the errors, but don't ABEXIT
echo -e "Tar reported errors during backup"
fi
# exit normally
return 0
}
# ###################################
#
# Main Program Thread
#
# welcome banner
echo -e "Backup Report for $TAPEDEV on $HDATE"
# sanity checks - these do not return if errors found
VALIDATECMD $@
VALIDATEDEV
CHECKROOT
# command processing...
case $1 in
"Status")
# status report
REWIND
DOSTATUS
REWIND
;;
"Diff")
# differential backup
REWIND
DODIFF
REWIND
DOSTATUS
REWIND
;;
"Full")
# full backup
REWIND
DOFULL
REWIND
DOSTATUS
REWIND
;;
*)
# bad command somehow slipped through!
echo -e "Internal command error"
ABEXIT "nothing was written to the tape"
;;
esac
# Last of all, spit out the date/time we finished
ETIME=$(sh -c '/bin/date +"%T %Z"')
HOURS=$[$SECONDS / 3600]
MINS=$[$[$SECONDS / 60] % 60]
SECS=$[$SECONDS % 60]
echo -e "\nCompleted at $ETIME with $HOURS:$MINS:$SECS elapsed\n"
