Author: firmiana
Date: 2026-07-14T12:54:46-07:00
New Revision: fc298ccbc52a9199a2181d30fa6e7189c374c091

URL: 
https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/commit/fc298ccbc52a9199a2181d30fa6e7189c374c091
DIFF: 
https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/commit/fc298ccbc52a9199a2181d30fa6e7189c374c091.diff

LOG: [lldb] Reject mixed typed DWARF binary operands (#201288)

## Summary

LLDB currently accepts and evaluates some ill-typed DWARF typed binary
operations whose two operands have different base types.

DWARF v5 typed-expression rules require arithmetic/logical and
relational binary operators to operate on operands of the same type,
either the same base type or the generic type. (see [DWARF v5
doc](https://dwarfstd.org/doc/DWARF5.pdf) Section 2.5.1.4)

This patch adds an explicit compatibility check before evaluating the
affected binary operators.

## Example

A DWARF expression illustrating the issue is:

```text
DW_OP_constu 0xff
DW_OP_convert <unsigned char>
DW_OP_constu 0x1
DW_OP_convert <short unsigned int>
DW_OP_plus
DW_OP_stack_value
```

The left operand is typed as unsigned char, while the right operand is
typed as short unsigned int. These are different DWARF base types, so
`DW_OP_plus` should reject the expression instead of evaluating it.

In differential testing, GDB rejects this kind of expression with:

```text
Incompatible types on DWARF stack
```

Before this patch, LLDB continued evaluating the expression and produced
a concrete result through the existing `Scalar` arithmetic path.

## Affected operations
The issue is not specific to DW_OP_plus. The same acceptance pattern was
observed for mixed-base-type typed operands across these binary
operations:

- Arithmetic: `DW_OP_plus`, `DW_OP_minus`, `DW_OP_div`, `DW_OP_mod`
- Bitwise: `DW_OP_and`, `DW_OP_or`, `DW_OP_xor`
- Shifts: `DW_OP_shl`, `DW_OP_shr`, `DW_OP_shra`
- Relations: `DW_OP_lt`, `DW_OP_le`, `DW_OP_gt`, `DW_OP_ge`, `DW_OP_eq`,
`DW_OP_ne`

## Implementation notes
LLDB's DWARF expression stack currently stores `Value` objects, whose
scalar payload is represented by `Scalar`. `Scalar` does not preserve
the original DWARF base type DIE, but it does carry the pieces of
base-type information used by the evaluator:

- scalar kind
- byte size
- integer signedness

This patch therefore checks those `Scalar` properties before dispatching
each affected binary operation to the existing arithmetic/comparison
logic. If the two operands do not match, evaluation now stops with an
error.

This **PR Text** was prepared with assistance from Codex. I reviewed the
PR Text and take responsibility for the contribution.

Added: 
    

Modified: 
    lldb/source/Expression/DWARFExpression.cpp
    lldb/unittests/Expression/DWARFExpressionTest.cpp

Removed: 
    


################################################################################
diff  --git a/lldb/source/Expression/DWARFExpression.cpp 
b/lldb/source/Expression/DWARFExpression.cpp
index c4c86b408accd..ea81d52219376 100644
--- a/lldb/source/Expression/DWARFExpression.cpp
+++ b/lldb/source/Expression/DWARFExpression.cpp
@@ -1324,6 +1324,46 @@ static llvm::Error 
Evaluate_DW_OP_call_frame_cfa(EvalContext &eval_ctx) {
   return llvm::Error::success();
 }
 
+static llvm::Error CheckScalarOperandsHaveSameType(const Scalar &lhs,
+                                                   const Scalar &rhs,
+                                                   LocationAtom opcode,
+                                                   size_t address_size) {
+  // Scalar does not preserve the original DWARF DIE, but it does carry the
+  // pieces of base-type information used by the evaluator: kind, size, and
+  // integer signedness.
+  if (lhs.GetType() != rhs.GetType())
+    return llvm::createStringError("%s requires operands to have the same 
type",
+                                   DW_OP_value_to_name(opcode));
+
+  if (lhs.GetByteSize() != rhs.GetByteSize())
+    return llvm::createStringError("%s requires operands to have the same 
type",
+                                   DW_OP_value_to_name(opcode));
+
+  // Only integer scalars have signedness, so non-integer operands have no
+  // further scalar type information to compare after kind and size match.
+  if (lhs.GetType() != Scalar::e_int)
+    return llvm::Error::success();
+
+  // DWARF generic values are address-sized integers with unspecified
+  // signedness. LLDB does not explicitly preserve genericness on the 
expression
+  // stack, so treat integers at least as wide as the generic type as
+  // potentially generic to keep existing expressions compatible. For example,
+  // DW_OP_constu and DW_OP_consts currently do not always use to_generic due 
to
+  // https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/issues/47431. A precise fix would
+  // require tracking genericness directly, which is a larger type-system
+  // change, so do not use signedness to reject these operands here.
+  if (address_size != 0 && lhs.GetByteSize() >= address_size)
+    return llvm::Error::success();
+
+  // For non-generic integer operands, signedness is part of the base-type
+  // information preserved by Scalar, so require it to match.
+  if (lhs.IsSigned() != rhs.IsSigned())
+    return llvm::createStringError("%s requires operands to have the same 
type",
+                                   DW_OP_value_to_name(opcode));
+
+  return llvm::Error::success();
+}
+
 llvm::Expected<Value> DWARFExpression::Evaluate(
     ExecutionContext *exe_ctx, RegisterContext *reg_ctx,
     lldb::ModuleSP module_sp, const DataExtractor &opcodes,
@@ -1494,12 +1534,20 @@ llvm::Expected<Value> DWARFExpression::Evaluate(
       break;
 
     case DW_OP_and:
+      if (llvm::Error err = CheckScalarOperandsHaveSameType(
+              stack[stack.size() - 2].GetScalar(), stack.back().GetScalar(),
+              opcode, address_size))
+        return err;
       tmp = stack.back();
       stack.pop_back();
       stack.back().GetScalar() = stack.back().GetScalar() & tmp.GetScalar();
       break;
 
     case DW_OP_div: {
+      if (llvm::Error err = CheckScalarOperandsHaveSameType(
+              stack[stack.size() - 2].GetScalar(), stack.back().GetScalar(),
+              opcode, address_size))
+        return err;
       tmp = stack.back();
       if (tmp.GetScalar().IsZero())
         return llvm::createStringError("divide by zero");
@@ -1517,18 +1565,30 @@ llvm::Expected<Value> DWARFExpression::Evaluate(
     } break;
 
     case DW_OP_minus:
+      if (llvm::Error err = CheckScalarOperandsHaveSameType(
+              stack[stack.size() - 2].GetScalar(), stack.back().GetScalar(),
+              opcode, address_size))
+        return err;
       tmp = stack.back();
       stack.pop_back();
       stack.back().GetScalar() = stack.back().GetScalar() - tmp.GetScalar();
       break;
 
     case DW_OP_mod:
+      if (llvm::Error err = CheckScalarOperandsHaveSameType(
+              stack[stack.size() - 2].GetScalar(), stack.back().GetScalar(),
+              opcode, address_size))
+        return err;
       tmp = stack.back();
       stack.pop_back();
       stack.back().GetScalar() = stack.back().GetScalar() % tmp.GetScalar();
       break;
 
     case DW_OP_mul:
+      if (llvm::Error err = CheckScalarOperandsHaveSameType(
+              stack[stack.size() - 2].GetScalar(), stack.back().GetScalar(),
+              opcode, address_size))
+        return err;
       tmp = stack.back();
       stack.pop_back();
       stack.back().GetScalar() = stack.back().GetScalar() * tmp.GetScalar();
@@ -1545,12 +1605,20 @@ llvm::Expected<Value> DWARFExpression::Evaluate(
       break;
 
     case DW_OP_or:
+      if (llvm::Error err = CheckScalarOperandsHaveSameType(
+              stack[stack.size() - 2].GetScalar(), stack.back().GetScalar(),
+              opcode, address_size))
+        return err;
       tmp = stack.back();
       stack.pop_back();
       stack.back().GetScalar() = stack.back().GetScalar() | tmp.GetScalar();
       break;
 
     case DW_OP_plus:
+      if (llvm::Error err = CheckScalarOperandsHaveSameType(
+              stack[stack.size() - 2].GetScalar(), stack.back().GetScalar(),
+              opcode, address_size))
+        return err;
       tmp = stack.back();
       stack.pop_back();
       stack.back().GetScalar() += tmp.GetScalar();
@@ -1565,12 +1633,20 @@ llvm::Expected<Value> DWARFExpression::Evaluate(
     } break;
 
     case DW_OP_shl:
+      if (llvm::Error err = CheckScalarOperandsHaveSameType(
+              stack[stack.size() - 2].GetScalar(), stack.back().GetScalar(),
+              opcode, address_size))
+        return err;
       tmp = stack.back();
       stack.pop_back();
       stack.back().GetScalar() <<= tmp.GetScalar();
       break;
 
     case DW_OP_shr:
+      if (llvm::Error err = CheckScalarOperandsHaveSameType(
+              stack[stack.size() - 2].GetScalar(), stack.back().GetScalar(),
+              opcode, address_size))
+        return err;
       tmp = stack.back();
       stack.pop_back();
       if (!stack.back().GetScalar().ShiftRightLogical(tmp.GetScalar()))
@@ -1578,12 +1654,20 @@ llvm::Expected<Value> DWARFExpression::Evaluate(
       break;
 
     case DW_OP_shra:
+      if (llvm::Error err = CheckScalarOperandsHaveSameType(
+              stack[stack.size() - 2].GetScalar(), stack.back().GetScalar(),
+              opcode, address_size))
+        return err;
       tmp = stack.back();
       stack.pop_back();
       stack.back().GetScalar() >>= tmp.GetScalar();
       break;
 
     case DW_OP_xor:
+      if (llvm::Error err = CheckScalarOperandsHaveSameType(
+              stack[stack.size() - 2].GetScalar(), stack.back().GetScalar(),
+              opcode, address_size))
+        return err;
       tmp = stack.back();
       stack.pop_back();
       stack.back().GetScalar() = stack.back().GetScalar() ^ tmp.GetScalar();
@@ -1625,36 +1709,60 @@ llvm::Expected<Value> DWARFExpression::Evaluate(
     } break;
 
     case DW_OP_eq:
+      if (llvm::Error err = CheckScalarOperandsHaveSameType(
+              stack[stack.size() - 2].GetScalar(), stack.back().GetScalar(),
+              opcode, address_size))
+        return err;
       tmp = stack.back();
       stack.pop_back();
       stack.back().GetScalar() = stack.back().GetScalar() == tmp.GetScalar();
       break;
 
     case DW_OP_ge:
+      if (llvm::Error err = CheckScalarOperandsHaveSameType(
+              stack[stack.size() - 2].GetScalar(), stack.back().GetScalar(),
+              opcode, address_size))
+        return err;
       tmp = stack.back();
       stack.pop_back();
       stack.back().GetScalar() = stack.back().GetScalar() >= tmp.GetScalar();
       break;
 
     case DW_OP_gt:
+      if (llvm::Error err = CheckScalarOperandsHaveSameType(
+              stack[stack.size() - 2].GetScalar(), stack.back().GetScalar(),
+              opcode, address_size))
+        return err;
       tmp = stack.back();
       stack.pop_back();
       stack.back().GetScalar() = stack.back().GetScalar() > tmp.GetScalar();
       break;
 
     case DW_OP_le:
+      if (llvm::Error err = CheckScalarOperandsHaveSameType(
+              stack[stack.size() - 2].GetScalar(), stack.back().GetScalar(),
+              opcode, address_size))
+        return err;
       tmp = stack.back();
       stack.pop_back();
       stack.back().GetScalar() = stack.back().GetScalar() <= tmp.GetScalar();
       break;
 
     case DW_OP_lt:
+      if (llvm::Error err = CheckScalarOperandsHaveSameType(
+              stack[stack.size() - 2].GetScalar(), stack.back().GetScalar(),
+              opcode, address_size))
+        return err;
       tmp = stack.back();
       stack.pop_back();
       stack.back().GetScalar() = stack.back().GetScalar() < tmp.GetScalar();
       break;
 
     case DW_OP_ne:
+      if (llvm::Error err = CheckScalarOperandsHaveSameType(
+              stack[stack.size() - 2].GetScalar(), stack.back().GetScalar(),
+              opcode, address_size))
+        return err;
       tmp = stack.back();
       stack.pop_back();
       stack.back().GetScalar() = stack.back().GetScalar() != tmp.GetScalar();

diff  --git a/lldb/unittests/Expression/DWARFExpressionTest.cpp 
b/lldb/unittests/Expression/DWARFExpressionTest.cpp
index f552f42dcba5c..eab7be9c2dbd1 100644
--- a/lldb/unittests/Expression/DWARFExpressionTest.cpp
+++ b/lldb/unittests/Expression/DWARFExpressionTest.cpp
@@ -609,6 +609,76 @@ TEST(DWARFExpression, DW_OP_convert) {
                               "(stack has 0 entries)"));
 }
 
+TEST(DWARFExpression, TypedBinaryOpsRejectMismatchedTypes) {
+  class TypedDwarfDelegate : public MockDwarfDelegate {
+  public:
+    enum : uint8_t {
+      UnsignedChar = 1,
+      SignedChar = 2,
+      UnsignedShort = 3,
+    };
+
+    llvm::Expected<std::pair<uint64_t, bool>>
+    GetDIEBitSizeAndSign(uint64_t relative_die_offset) const override {
+      switch (relative_die_offset) {
+      case UnsignedChar:
+        return std::pair<uint64_t, bool>{8, false};
+      case SignedChar:
+        return std::pair<uint64_t, bool>{8, true};
+      case UnsignedShort:
+        return std::pair<uint64_t, bool>{16, false};
+      default:
+        return llvm::createStringError("unknown base type offset");
+      }
+    }
+  };
+
+  TypedDwarfDelegate unit;
+  constexpr uint8_t opcodes[] = {
+      DW_OP_plus, DW_OP_minus, DW_OP_div, DW_OP_mod, DW_OP_mul,  DW_OP_and,
+      DW_OP_or,   DW_OP_xor,   DW_OP_shl, DW_OP_shr, DW_OP_shra, DW_OP_lt,
+      DW_OP_le,   DW_OP_gt,    DW_OP_ge,  DW_OP_eq,  DW_OP_ne,
+  };
+
+  for (uint8_t opcode : opcodes) {
+    std::vector<uint8_t> expr = {DW_OP_constu,
+                                 0xff,
+                                 0x01,
+                                 DW_OP_convert,
+                                 TypedDwarfDelegate::UnsignedChar,
+                                 DW_OP_lit1,
+                                 DW_OP_convert,
+                                 TypedDwarfDelegate::UnsignedShort,
+                                 opcode,
+                                 DW_OP_stack_value};
+    EXPECT_THAT_EXPECTED(Evaluate(expr, {}, &unit), llvm::Failed())
+        << "opcode 0x" << llvm::utohexstr(opcode);
+  }
+
+  EXPECT_THAT_EXPECTED(
+      Evaluate({DW_OP_constu, 0xff, 0x01, DW_OP_convert,
+                TypedDwarfDelegate::UnsignedChar, DW_OP_lit1, DW_OP_convert,
+                TypedDwarfDelegate::SignedChar, DW_OP_plus, DW_OP_stack_value},
+               {}, &unit),
+      llvm::Failed());
+}
+
+TEST(DWARFExpression, GenericBinaryOpsAllowDifferentSignedness) {
+  // The DWARF generic type has unspecified signedness, so 
diff erently signed
+  // address-sized generic values are still compatible operands.
+  uint8_t expr[] = {DW_OP_lit8, DW_OP_consts, 4, DW_OP_minus,
+                    DW_OP_stack_value};
+  DataExtractor extractor(expr, sizeof(expr), lldb::eByteOrderLittle,
+                          /*addr_size*/ 8);
+  EXPECT_THAT_EXPECTED(
+      DWARFExpression::Evaluate(/*exe_ctx=*/nullptr, /*reg_ctx=*/nullptr,
+                                /*module_sp=*/{}, extractor,
+                                /*unit=*/nullptr, lldb::eRegisterKindLLDB,
+                                /*initial_value_ptr=*/nullptr,
+                                /*object_address_ptr=*/nullptr),
+      ExpectScalar(4));
+}
+
 TEST(DWARFExpression, DW_OP_stack_value) {
   EXPECT_THAT_EXPECTED(Evaluate({DW_OP_stack_value}), llvm::Failed());
 }


        
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