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The ACM Special Interest Group on Logic (SIGLOG), the European
Association for Theoretical Computer Science
(EATCS), the European Association for Computer Science Logic (EACSL),
and the Kurt Goedel Society (KGS)
are pleased to announce that

   Georg Gottlob, Christoph Koch, Reinhard Pichler, Klaus U. Schulz,
and Luc Segoufin

have been selected as the winners of the

   2021 Alonzo Church Award for Outstanding Contributions to Logic and
Computation

for fundamental work on logic-based web data extraction and querying
tree-structured data,
published in:

(1) Georg Gottlob and Christoph Koch. “Monadic Datalog and the
Expressive Power of Lan-
guages for Web Information Extraction.” Journal of the ACM (JACM) 51.1
(2004): 74-113.

(2) Georg Gottlob, Christoph Koch, and Klaus U. Schulz. “Conjunctive
Queries Over Trees.”
Journal of the ACM (JACM) 53.2 (2006): 238-272.

(3) Georg Gottlob, Christoph Koch, and Reinhard Pichler. “Efficient
Algorithms for Processing
XPath Queries.” ACM Transactions on Database Systems (TODS) 30.2
(2005): 444-491.

(4) Georg Gottlob, Christoph Koch, Reinhard Pichler, and Luc Segoufin.
“The Complexity of
XPath Query Evaluation and XML Typing.” Journal of the ACM (JACM) 52.2
(2005): 284-335.


THE CONTRIBUTION

Paper (1) establishes a comprehensive logical theory of Web data
extraction. At its core, this
is the problem of selecting relevant nodes (subtrees) from HTML text.
While the set of relevant nodes
can be expressed in Monadic Second-Order logic (MSO) over finite trees, MSO has
high computationally complexity. The authors prove that Monadic
Datalog on trees has exactly
the same expressive power as full MSO and that, surprisingly,
evaluating Monadic Datalog is feasible
in time linear in the size of query and input tree. These results
greatly influenced theoretical and applied
research, and gave rise to logic-based systems for data extraction
that have been successfully used
in industry.

Papers (2,3,4) present deep investigations into logical queries over
tree-structured
data. The complexity of evaluating XPath, a key technology in Web
browsers and other systems,
was unclear, and available implementations required exponential time.
Paper (2) gives a full
characterization of, and a dichotomy theorem for, the complexity of
conjunctive queries on
various representations of trees. Paper (3) shows that the full XPath
standard can be evaluated in PTIME and
proposes a logical core which has become seminal to research efforts at
the intersection of Web data
processing and (modal) logics. Finally, paper (4) establishes the
precise complexity of evaluating XPath
fragments.

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