Lyx/ReLyx bugs
Hi - Lyx developers
first of all - thanks heaps for your great program. I'm
a very enthusiastic Lyx user, and I use it for many
projects - as well as always recommending it to all my
colleagues and students.
However, often prospective users find the `trivial'
problems they encounter in standard importing/exporting
of Latex papers just too time-consuming - so they
use Emacs or Scientific Word.
I'd like to list these `trivial' problems, as they are in
total quite a large barrier to wide-spread Lyx adoption in
an environment like ours, where various Latex files are
routinely shared amongst researchers.
(1) Non-transparency. It is VERY highly desirable that
Latex files can be imported/exported transparently,
that is, only with the changes that the user adds. This
is not currently possible at all. Most of the changes are
in the front-matter. Trivial syntax cleaning is not an
issue, provided it is truly bugfree and NOT CUMULATIVE.
(2) Lost comments. It is frequently the case that a
Latex file contains comments, giving the version, reason
for changes, or perhaps the original raw Latex you
had before you had to extensively change it for Lyx's sake.
This is valuable information - but if you import
into Lyx and then re-export, it is all lost forever.
(3) Figure mangling. In the version of ReLyx I use,
figures with captions get mangled - that is, the
figure environment is corrupted on import. Usually
the figure and caption get separated, and often there
are other problems, with lots of unwanted ERT,
{'s and cumulative /protect's that keep growing.
(4) Class distinctions. It is common these days for
scientific publishers to provide their own classes,
and of course ReLyx won't tolerate this, usually
crashing. What is needed is an easily(!) user-specified
DEFAULT CLASS for display, since these classes are
often very similar to a standard class like Article.
(5) Wrong centering. It is very common that a centered
figure - quite correctly coded in Latex - will result
in ALL the document text following the figure being
centered after ReLyX import. This can be fixed up,
of course - but to have to fix it EVERY time a Latex
file is imported is VERY time-consuming!
(6) Macromania. It would be VERY useful if - as an
option (not default) - ReLyx could expand macros so
that Lyx could display equations properly. This is
needed because many people who don't use Lyx, finish
up defining enormous numbers of macros - which of
course, can't be readily displayed and edited in Lyx.
EXAMPLES:
I've included a greatly abbreviated example file to show
these typical problems. This file displays all of the above
problems - and it is an edited version of a real paper,
just submitted to Elsevier.
(a) original_sample.tex
Firstly, of course, the original
file can't be imported, and gives the following message
(Using LyX 1.1.5Fix1:)
Reading LaTeX command syntax
(original_sample.tex: Splitting Preamble
Creating LyX preamble
Cannot find layout file elsart.layout in dir(s)
/home/drummond/.lyx/layouts /usr/local/lyx/share/lyx/layouts at
/usr/local/lyx/bin/../share/lyx/reLyX/ReadCommands.pm line 267,
<PREAMBLE>
chunk 11.
(b) modified_sample.tex
Now it can be imported - after extensive surgery to the front-matter.
But the original raw Latex is still there, hidden in some comments.
It could be re-installed at this stage, giving one a fully correct
Elsevier-style Latex file.
However, the Lyx version of this, after opening it, shows many
problems. The figure is mangled, there is wrong centering, and
of course the equation is very hard to read, as Lyx won't expand
the macro - just giving ERT.
(c) exported_sample.tex
Now it is exported - perhaps to be sent back to a co-author, who
might not use Lyx. However, all the comments have vanished - so
one cannot easily revive the Elsevier style. Even worse, there are
now many un-needed extra Latex commands.
In general, all of these extra Latex commands shouldn't be there.
We just imported and exported, without changing the file. It is
difficult to tell what these are doing there - they certainly
aren't essential to Latex!
(d) re_exported_sample.tex
Suppose the co-author has corrected a typo, and I re-import into Lyx
for further changes, then re-export. It still will Tex - but the
unwanted commands have started to grow - note the \protect and the
strange \makeatletter, \makeatother..
If this procedure is continued, the \protect and \makeatother
commands will continue to grow, though not quite as fast as in the
figure. Basically, these shouldn't be there - or at least, there
should be a `portable Latex' export option!
yours - hope you don't mind the flame:)
Peter Drummond.
PS - Thanks Alan, for encouraging this email.
--
Physics Department, University of Queensland, St Lucia 4072,
Queensland, Australia. Tel:+61-7-3365-3404 Fax:+61-7-3365-1242
[EMAIL PROTECTED]; www.physics.uq.edu.au/people/drummond
vary.eps
%%
%% This is file `elsart.cls',
%% generated with the docstrip utility.
%%
%% The original source files were:
%%
%% esl.dtx (with options: `package,elsart,ONECOL,DEEPLIST')
%%
%% elsart.cls Copyright (C) 1994-2001 Elsevier Science
%%
%% This file may be distributed and/or modified under the
%% conditions of the LaTeX Project Public License, either version 1.2
%% of this license or (at your option) any later version.
%% The latest version of this license is in
%% http://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt
%% and version 1.2 or later is part of all distributions of LaTeX
%% version 1999/12/01 or later.
%%
\def\readRCS$#1: #2 #3 #4 #5${%
\def\RCSfile{#2}%
\def\RCSversion{#3}%
\def\RCSdate{#4}%
}
\readRCS
$Header: /source/repository/eslatex/src/texmf/source/latex/elsevier/esl.dtx,v 1.6
2000/10/09 10:45:59 dabeyko Exp $
\def\@shortjnl{\relax}
\def\esp@fileversion{2.18}
\def\esp@filedate{2001/01/05}
\def\@journal{Elsevier Science} \def\@company{Elsevier Science}
\def\@issn{000-0000}
\def\@shortjid{elsart}
\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
\ProvidesClass{\@shortjid}[\esp@filedate, \esp@fileversion: \@journal]
\newif\if@TwoColumn
\newif\if@seceqn
\newif\if@secthm
\newif\if@nameyear
\newif\if@Elproofing
\@Elproofingfalse
\DeclareOption{12pt}{}
\DeclareOption{11pt}{}
\DeclareOption{10pt}{}
\DeclareOption{oneside}{\@twosidefalse \@mparswitchfalse}
\DeclareOption{twoside}{\@twosidetrue \@mparswitchtrue}
\@twocolumnfalse
\DeclareOption{onecolumn}{\@twocolumnfalse\@TwoColumnfalse}
\DeclareOption{twocolumn}{\@twocolumntrue\@TwoColumntrue}
\let\snm\relax \let\cty\relax \let\cny\relax\let\jr\relax
\newif\if@ussrhead \@ussrheadfalse
\DeclareOption{ussrhead}{\@ussrheadtrue}
\@seceqnfalse % Default: equation numbering is not
\DeclareOption{seceqn}{\@seceqntrue} % reset at beginning of each section
\@secthmfalse
\DeclareOption{secthm}{\@secthmtrue}
\@nameyearfalse
\DeclareOption{nameyear}{\@nameyeartrue}
\def\@blstr{1}
\DeclareOption{doublespacing}{\def\@blstr{1.7}}
\DeclareOption{reviewcopy}{\def\@blstr{1.7}}
\newif\if@symbold\@symboldfalse
\DeclareOption{symbold}{\@symboldtrue}
\newif\if@amsthm\@amsthmfalse
\DeclareOption{amsthm}{\@amsthmtrue}
\ExecuteOptions{oneside}
\ExecuteOptions{onecolumn,final}
\ProcessOptions
\def\@pagenumprefix{}
\def\author@font{}
\def\partname{Part}
\def\appendixname{Appendix}
\def\contentsname{Contents}
\def\listfigurename{List of Figures}
\def\listtablename{List of Tables}
\def\refname{References}
\def\indexname{Index}
\def\figurename{Fig.}
\def\tablename{Table}
\def\abstractname{Abstract}
\lineskip 1\p@
\normallineskip 1\p@
\def\baselinestretch{1}
\frenchspacing
\def\cropwidth{297mm}
\def\cropheight{210mm}
\def\cropleft{0mm}
\def\croptop{0mm}
\def\FullCopyrightText{}
\def\copyrightholder#1{\def\@copyrightholder{#1}}
\newdimen\@frontmatterwidth
\def\@overtitleskip{69\p@}
\def\@overhistoryskip{\z@}
\def\@undertitleskip{\z@}
\def\@overkeywordskip{12\p@}
\def\@overabstractskip{8\p@}
\def\@overcaptionskip{8\p@}
\def\@preabstractskip{24\p@ \@plus 6\p@ \@minus 3\p@}
\def\@belowfmskip{18\p@}
\def\@bibliosize{\small}
\def\@historysize{\small}
\def\@keywordsize{\small}
\def\@overaddressskip{2pt}
\def\@titlesize{\Large\bfseries}
\def\@authorsize{\large}
\def\@keywordheading{{\it Key words: \ }}
\def\@addressstyle{\small\itshape}
\def\@captionsize{\small}
\def\@tablecaptionsize{\@captionsize}
\def\@figurecaptionsize{\@captionsize}
\def\@tablesize{\small}
\def\@keywordwidth{.8\textwidth}
\def\@abstractwidth{.8\textwidth}
\def\@fignumfont#1{#1}
\def\@secnumfont#1{\upshape}
\def\@catchlinesize{\footnotesize}
\def\@runheadsize{\normalsize}
\def\etal{et al.}
\def\AND{\&}
\def\@Colofonheight{1cm}
\def\@abstractsize{\fontsize{\@ixpt}{11pt}\selectfont}
\def\@articletypesize{\fontsize{\@xiiipt}{13pt}\selectfont}
\def\normalsize{\@setfontsize\normalsize\@xiipt{14.5}%
\abovedisplayskip 12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@%
\belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
\abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus 2\p@%
\belowdisplayshortskip 3.5\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@
\let\@listi\@listI}
\def\small{\@setfontsize\small\@xipt{13.6}%
\abovedisplayskip 11\p@ \@plus3\p@ minus6\p@
\belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
\abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus3\p@
\belowdisplayshortskip 6.5\p@ \@plus3.5\p@ minus3\p@
\def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
\parsep 4.5\p@ \@plus2\p@ minus\p@ \itemsep \parsep
\topsep 9\p@ \@plus3\p@ minus5\p@}}
\let\footnotesize=\small
\let\@xviiipt\@xviipt
\def\scriptsize{\@setfontsize\scriptsize\@viiipt{9.5}}
\def\tiny{\@setfontsize\tiny\@vipt{7}}
\def\large{\@setfontsize\large\@xivpt{18}}
\def\Large{\@setfontsize\Large\@xviipt{22}}
\def\LARGE{\@setfontsize\LARGE\@xxpt{22}}
\def\huge{\@setfontsize\huge\@xxvpt{27}}
\let\Huge=\huge
\normalsize % Choose the normalsize font.
\newdimen\@bls % Several dimensions are
\@bls=\baselineskip % expressed in terms of this.
\if@twoside % Values for two-sided printing:
\oddsidemargin 20\p@ % Left margin on odd-numbered pages.
\evensidemargin 20\p@ % Left margin on even-numbered pages.
\marginparwidth 10\p@ % \@Width of marginal notes.
\else % Values for one-sided printing:
\oddsidemargin 20\p@ % Left margin on odd-numbered pages.
\evensidemargin 20\p@ % Left margin on even-numbered pages.
\marginparwidth 2pc
\fi
\marginparsep 20\p@ % Horizontal space between outer margin and
% marginal note
\topmargin \z@ % Nominal distance from top of page to top of
% box containing running head.
\headheight \z@ % \@Height of box containing running head.
\headsep \z@ % Space between running head and text.
\footskip 40\p@
\bigskipamount=\@bls \@plus 0.3\@bls \@minus 0.3\@bls % 1/1 line
\medskipamount=0.5\bigskipamount % 1/2 line
\smallskipamount=0.25\bigskipamount % 1/4 line
\@tempdima=651pt \advance\@tempdima -\topskip \@tempcnta=\@tempdima
\@tempdimb=\@blstr\@bls \@tempcntb=\@tempdimb
\divide\@tempcnta\@tempcntb
\textheight\@tempdimb \multiply\textheight\@tempcnta
\advance\textheight\topskip
\textwidth 33pc % \@Width of text line.
% For two-column mode:
\columnsep 2pc % Space between columns
\columnseprule \z@ % \@Width of rule between columns.
\footnotesep 8.4\p@
\skip\footins 12\p@ \@plus 8\p@ % Space between last line of text and
% top of first footnote.
\floatsep 8\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 2\p@ % Space between adjacent floats moved
% to top or bottom of text page.
\textfloatsep 8\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 2\p@ % Space between main text and floats
% at top or bottom of page.
\intextsep 8\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 2\p@ % Space between in-text figures and
% text.
\dblfloatsep 8\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 4\p@ % Same as \floatsep for double-column
% figures in two-column mode.
\dbltextfloatsep 12\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 4\p@ % \textfloatsep for double-column
% floats.
\@fptop \z@ \@plus 1fil % Stretch at top of float page/column. (Must be
% \z@ \@plus ...)
\@fpsep 8\p@ \@plus 2fil % Space between floats on float page/column.
\@fpbot \z@ \@plus 1fil % Stretch at bottom of float page/column. (Must be
% \z@ \@plus ... )
\@dblfptop \z@ \@plus 1fil % Stretch at top of float page. (Must be \z@ \@plus ...)
\@dblfpsep 8\p@ \@plus 2fil % Space between floats on float page.
\@dblfpbot \z@ \@plus 1fil % Stretch at bottom of float page. (Must be
% \z@ \@plus ... )
\marginparpush 5\p@ % Minimum vertical separation between two marginal
% notes.
\parskip 1pc \@plus 1\p@ % Extra vertical space between paragraphs.
\parindent \z@ % Indentation of each paragraph.
\newskip\eqntopsep % Extra vertical space, in addition to
\eqntopsep 12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@ %\parskip, added above and below
\newdimen\eqnarraycolsep % Half the space between columns
\eqnarraycolsep 1\p@ % in an \eqnarray.
\@lowpenalty 51 % Produced by \nopagebreak[1] or \nolinebreak[1]
\@medpenalty 151 % Produced by \nopagebreak[2] or \nolinebreak[2]
\@highpenalty 301 % Produced by \nopagebreak[3] or \nolinebreak[3]
\@beginparpenalty -\@lowpenalty % Before a list or paragraph environment.
\@endparpenalty -\@lowpenalty % After a list or paragraph environment.
\@itempenalty -\@lowpenalty % Between list items.
\def\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}{1.5\@bls
\@plus .4\@bls \@minus .1\@bls}{\@bls}{\normalsize\bfseries}}
\def\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}{\@bls
\@plus .3\@bls \@minus .1\@bls}{\@bls}{\normalsize\itshape}}
\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}{\@bls
\@plus .2\@bls}{0.0001pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
\def\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}{3.25ex \@plus
2ex \@minus 0.2ex}{-1em}{\normalsize\bfseries}}
\setcounter{secnumdepth}{4}
\def\half@em{\hskip 0.5em}
\def\lb@part{PART \thepart.\half@em}
\def\lb@empty@part{PART \thepart}
\def\lb@section{\thesection.\half@em}
\def\lb@empty@section{\thesection}
\def\lb@subsection{\thesubsection.\half@em}
\def\lb@empty@subsection{\thesubsection}
\def\lb@subsubsection{\thesubsubsection.\half@em}
\def\lb@empty@subsubsection{\thesubsubsection}
\def\lb@paragraph{\theparagraph.\half@em}
\def\lb@empty@paragraph{\theparagraph}
\def\lb@subparagraph{\thesubparagraph.\half@em}
\def\lb@empty@subparagraph{\thesubparagraph}
\def\head@format#1#2{#2}
\def\head@style{\interlinepenalty\@M
\hyphenpenalty\@M \exhyphenpenalty\@M
\rightskip \z@ \@plus 0.5\hsize \relax
}
\def\app@number#1{\setcounter{#1}{0}%
\@addtoreset{#1}{section}%
\@namedef{the#1}{\thesection.\arabic{#1}}}
\def\appendix{\@ifstar{\appendix@star}{\appendix@nostar}}
\def\appendix@nostar{%
\def\lb@section{\appendixname\ \thesection.\half@em}
\def\lb@empty@section{\appendixname\ \thesection}
\setcounter{section}{0}\def\thesection{\Alph{section}}%
\setcounter{subsection}{0}%
\setcounter{subsubsection}{0}%
\setcounter{paragraph}{0}%
\app@number{equation}\app@number{figure}\app@number{table}}
\def\appendix@star{%
\def\lb@section{\appendixname}\let\lb@empty@section\lb@section
\setcounter{section}{0}\def\thesection{\Alph{section}}%
\setcounter{subsection}{0}%
\setcounter{subsubsection}{0}%
\setcounter{paragraph}{0}%
\app@number{equation}\app@number{figure}\app@number{table}}
\def\ack{\section*{Acknowledgements}%
\addtocontents{toc}{\protect\vspace{6pt}}%
\addcontentsline{toc}{section}{Acknowledgements}%
}
\@namedef{ack*}{\par\vskip 3.0ex \@plus 1.0ex \@minus 1.0ex}
\let\endack\par
\@namedef{endack*}{\par}
\newdimen\labelwidthi
\newdimen\labelwidthii
\newdimen\labelwidthiii
\newdimen\labelwidthiv
\def\normal@labelsep{0.5em}
\labelsep\normal@labelsep
\settowidth{\labelwidthi}{(iii)}
\settowidth{\labelwidthii}{(d)}
\settowidth{\labelwidthiii}{(iii)}
\settowidth{\labelwidthiv}{(M)}
\leftmargini\labelwidthi \advance\leftmargini\labelsep
\leftmarginii\labelwidthii \advance\leftmarginii\labelsep
\leftmarginiii\labelwidthiii \advance\leftmarginiii\labelsep
\leftmarginiv\labelwidthiv \advance\leftmarginiv\labelsep
\def\setleftmargin#1#2{\settowidth{\@tempdima}{#2}\labelsep\normal@labelsep
\csname labelwidth#1\endcsname\@tempdima
\@tempdimb\@tempdima \advance\@tempdimb\labelsep
\csname leftmargin#1\endcsname\@tempdimb}
\def\@listI{\leftmargin\leftmargini
\labelwidth\labelwidthi \labelsep\normal@labelsep
\topsep \z@ \partopsep\z@ \parsep\z@ \itemsep\z@
\listparindent 1em}
\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii
\labelwidth\labelwidthii \labelsep\normal@labelsep
\topsep\z@ \partopsep\z@ \parsep\z@ \itemsep\z@
\listparindent 1em}
\def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii
\labelwidth\labelwidthiii \labelsep\normal@labelsep
\topsep\z@ \partopsep\z@ \parsep\z@ \itemsep\z@
\listparindent 1em}
\def\@listiv{\leftmargin\leftmarginiv
\labelwidth\labelwidthiv \labelsep\normal@labelsep
\topsep\z@ \partopsep\z@ \parsep\z@ \itemsep\z@
\listparindent 1em}
\let\@listi\@listI
\@listi
\def\left@label#1{{#1}\hss}
\def\right@label#1{\hss\llap{#1}}
\def\thick@label#1{\hspace\labelsep #1}
\newcount\@maxlistdepth
\@maxlistdepth=4
\def\labelitemi{$\bullet$} \def\labelitemii{$\cdot$}
\def\labelenumi{(\theenumi)} \def\theenumi{\arabic{enumi}}
\def\labelenumii{(\alph{enumii})} \def\theenumii{\theenumi\alph{enumii}}
\def\labelenumiii{(\roman{enumiii})}\def\theenumiii{\theenumii.\roman{enumiii}}
\def\labelenumiv{(\Alph{enumiv})} \def\theenumiv{\theenumiii.\Alph{enumiv}}
\def\enumerate{%
\ifnum \@enumdepth >\@maxlistdepth
\@toodeep
\else
\advance\@enumdepth \@ne
\edef\@enumctr{enum\romannumeral\the\@enumdepth}%
\list{\csname label\@enumctr\endcsname}%
{\usecounter{\@enumctr}
\let\makelabel=\right@label}
\fi}
\def\itemize{%
\ifnum \@itemdepth >\@maxlistdepth
\@toodeep
\else
\advance\@itemdepth \@ne
\edef\@itemitem{labelitem\romannumeral\the\@itemdepth}%
\setleftmargin{i}{--}%
\setleftmargin{ii}{$\cdot$}%
\list{\csname\@itemitem\endcsname}%
{\let\makelabel\right@label}
\fi}
\def\verse{\let\\=\@centercr
\list{}{\itemsep\z@
\itemindent \z@
\listparindent\z@
\rightmargin 1em
\leftmargin \rightmargin}\item[]}
\let\endverse\endlist
\def\quotation{\list{}{\itemindent\z@
\leftmargin 1em \rightmargin \z@
\parsep \z@ \@plus 1pt}\item[]}
\let\endquotation=\endlist
\def\quote{\list{}{\itemindent\z@
\leftmargin 1em \rightmargin \z@}%
\item[]}
\let\endquote=\endlist
\def\descriptionlabel#1{\hspace\labelsep \bfseries #1}
\def\description{\list{}{\labelwidth\z@
\leftmargin 1em \itemindent-\leftmargin
\let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}}
\let\enddescription\endlist
\def\@atfmtname{atlplain}
\ifx\fmtname\@atfmtname
\def\neq{\not\nobreak\mkern -2mu =}%
\let\ne\neq
\fi
\def\operatorname#1{\mathop{\mathrm{#1}}\nolimits}
\def\lefteqn#1{\hbox to\z@{$\displaystyle {#1}$\hss}}
\newskip\eqnbaselineskip % Standard interline spacing in an {eqnarray}
\jot=2\p@
\newskip\eqnlineskip % Minimal space between the bottom of
% a line and the top of the next line.
\eqnbaselineskip=14\p@ \eqnlineskip=2\p@
\newdimen\mathindent
\if@TwoColumn
\mathindent 0em
\else
\mathindent 2em
\fi
\def\[{\relax\ifmmode\@badmath
\else%\bgroup removed on request from BW (1993-05-17)
\@beginparpenalty\predisplaypenalty
\@endparpenalty\postdisplaypenalty
\begin{trivlist}\@topsep \eqntopsep % used by first \item
\@topsepadd \eqntopsep % used by \@endparenv
\item[]\leavevmode
\hbox to\linewidth\bgroup$ \displaystyle
\hskip\mathindent\bgroup\fi}
\def\]{\relax\ifmmode \egroup $\hfil \egroup
\end{trivlist}% \egroup removed on request from BW (1993-05-17)
\else \@badmath \fi}
\def\equation{\@beginparpenalty\predisplaypenalty
\@endparpenalty\postdisplaypenalty
\refstepcounter{equation}\trivlist
\@topsep \eqntopsep % used by first \item
\@topsepadd \eqntopsep % used by \@endparenv
\item[]\leavevmode
\hbox to\linewidth\bgroup $ \displaystyle \hskip\mathindent\bgroup}
\def\endequation{\egroup$\hfil \displaywidth\linewidth
\@eqnnum\egroup \endtrivlist}
\def\eqnarray{%
\par %BW
\noindent %BW
\baselineskip\eqnbaselineskip\lineskip\eqnlineskip %BW
\lineskiplimit\eqnlineskip %BW
\stepcounter{equation}%
\let\@currentlabel=\theequation
\global\@eqnswtrue
\global\@eqcnt\z@
\tabskip\mathindent
\let\\=\@eqncr
\abovedisplayskip\eqntopsep\ifvmode\advance\abovedisplayskip\partopsep\fi
\belowdisplayskip\abovedisplayskip
\belowdisplayshortskip\abovedisplayskip
\abovedisplayshortskip\abovedisplayskip
$$\halign to \displaywidth\bgroup\@eqnsel
\pre@coli$\displaystyle\tabskip\z@{##}$\post@coli
&\global\@eqcnt\@ne
\pre@colii$\displaystyle{##}$\post@colii
&\global\@eqcnt\tw@
\pre@coliii $\displaystyle\tabskip\z@{##}$\post@coliii
\tabskip\@centering&\llap{##}\tabskip\z@\cr
}
\def\endeqnarray{\@@eqncr\egroup
\global\advance\c@equation\m@ne$$\global\@ignoretrue }
\def\pre@coli{\hskip\@centering} \def\post@coli{}
\def\pre@colii{\hskip 2\eqnarraycolsep \hfil} \def\post@colii{\hfil}
\def\pre@coliii{\hskip 2\eqnarraycolsep} \def\post@coliii{\hfil}
\arraycolsep 2\p@ % Half the space between columns in array environment.
\tabcolsep 6\p@ % idem in tabular environment.
\def\arraystretch{1.5} % More vertical space in tables
\arrayrulewidth 0.4\p@ % \@Width of rules and space between adjacent
\doublerulesep 2\p@ % rules in any of these two environments.
\newdimen\rulepreskip \newdimen\rulepostskip
\rulepreskip=4\p@ \rulepostskip=6\p@
\tabbingsep \labelsep % Space used by the \' command. (See LaTeX{} manual.)
\skip\@mpfootins = 6\p@ \@plus 2\p@ % Space between last line of text and
% top of first footnote.
\fboxsep = 7\p@ % Space left between box and text by \fbox and \framebox.
\fboxrule = 0.4\p@ % \@Width of rules in box made by \fbox and \framebox.
\newcounter{section}
\newcounter{subsection}[section]
\newcounter{subsubsection}[subsection]
\newcounter{paragraph}[subsubsection]
\newcounter{subparagraph}[paragraph]
\if@seceqn
\@addtoreset{equation}{section}
\def\theequation{\arabic{section}.\arabic{equation}}
\else
\def\theequation{\arabic{equation}}
\fi
\def\thesection {\arabic{section}}
\def\thesubsection {\thesection.\arabic{subsection}}
\def\thesubsubsection{\thesubsection.\arabic{subsubsection}}
\def\theparagraph {\thesubsubsection.\arabic{paragraph}}
\def\thesubparagraph {\theparagraph.\arabic{subparagraph}}
\@addtoreset{section}{part} % reset section numbers at beginning of part
\DeclareOldFontCommand{\rm}{\normalfont\rmfamily}{\mathrm}
\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sf}{\normalfont\sffamily}{\mathsf}
\DeclareOldFontCommand{\tt}{\normalfont\ttfamily}{\mathtt}
\DeclareOldFontCommand{\bf}{\normalfont\bfseries}{\mathbf}
\DeclareOldFontCommand{\it}{\normalfont\itshape}{\mathit}
\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sl}{\normalfont\slshape}{\@nomath\sl}
\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sc}{\normalfont\scshape}{\@nomath\sc}
\RequirePackage{latexsym}
\def\qed{\relax\ifmmode\hskip2em \Box\else\unskip\nobreak\hskip1em $\Box$\fi}
\def\proof@headerfont{\upshape\bfseries}
\if@amsthm
\RequirePackage{amsthm}%
\def\th@plain{%
\thm@preskip\parskip
\thm@postskip\z@
\itshape % body font
}
\def\th@definition{%
\thm@preskip\parskip
\thm@postskip\z@
\normalfont % body font
}
\def\th@remark{%
\thm@headfont{\itshape}%
\normalfont % body font
\thm@preskip\parskip \divide\thm@preskip\tw@
\thm@postskip\z@
}
\else\let\theoremstyle\@gobble\fi
\newenvironment{pf}%
{\par\addvspace{\@bls \@plus 0.5\@bls \@minus 0.1\@bls}\noindent
{\bfseries\Elproofname}\enspace\ignorespaces}%
{\par\addvspace{\@bls \@plus 0.5\@bls \@minus 0.1\@bls}}
\def\Elproofname{PROOF.}
\@namedef{pf*}#1{\par\begingroup\def\Elproofname{#1}\pf\endgroup\ignorespaces}
\expandafter\let\csname endpf*\endcsname=\endpf
\theoremstyle{plain}
\if@secthm
\newtheorem{thm}{Theorem}[section]
\@addtoreset{thm}{section}
\else
\newtheorem{thm}{Theorem}
\fi
\newtheorem{cor}[thm]{Corollary}
\newtheorem{lem}[thm]{Lemma}
\newtheorem{claim}[thm]{Claim}
\newtheorem{axiom}[thm]{Axiom}
\newtheorem{conj}[thm]{Conjecture}
\newtheorem{fact}[thm]{Fact}
\newtheorem{hypo}[thm]{Hypothesis}
\newtheorem{assum}[thm]{Assumption}
\newtheorem{prop}[thm]{Proposition}
\newtheorem{crit}[thm]{Criterion}
\theoremstyle{definition}
\newtheorem{defn}[thm]{Definition}
\newtheorem{exmp}[thm]{Example}
\newtheorem{rem}[thm]{Remark}
\newtheorem{prob}[thm]{Problem}
\newtheorem{prin}[thm]{Principle}
\newtheorem{alg}{Algorithm}
\long\def\@makealgocaption#1#2{\vskip 2ex \small
\hbox to \hsize{\parbox[t]{\hsize}{{\bfseries #1.} #2}}}
\newcounter{algorithm}
\def\thealgorithm{\@arabic\c@algorithm}
\def\fps@algorithm{tbp}
\def\ftype@algorithm{4}
\def\ext@algorithm{lof}
\def\fnum@algorithm{Algorithm \thealgorithm}
\def\algorithm{\let\@makecaption\@makealgocaption\@float{algorithm}}
\let\endalgorithm\end@float
\newtheorem{note}{Note}
\newtheorem{summ}{Summary}
\newtheorem{case}{Case}
\def\@pnumwidth{2.55em}
\def\@tocrmarg{2.55em \@plus 5em}
\def\@dotsep{-2.5}
\setcounter{tocdepth}{2}
\newcommand\listoffigures{%
\section*{\listfigurename
\@mkboth{\MakeUppercase\listfigurename}%
{\MakeUppercase\listfigurename}}%
\@starttoc{lof}%
}
\newcommand*\l@figure{\@dottedtocline{1}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
\newcommand\listoftables{%
\section*{\listtablename
\@mkboth{%
\MakeUppercase\listtablename}{\MakeUppercase\listtablename}}%
\@starttoc{lot}%
}
\let\l@table\l@figure
\def\tableofcontents{%
\begin{small}
\leftline {{\bfseries \contentsname\/}}
\setcounter{secnumdepth}{4}%
\setcounter{tocdepth}{2}%
{\@starttoc{toc}}%
\end{small}
}
\newcommand*\l@section{\@dottedtocline{1}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
\newcommand*\l@subsection{\@dottedtocline{2}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
\newcommand*\l@subsubsection{\@dottedtocline{3}{3.8em}{3.2em}}
\newcommand*\l@paragraph{\@dottedtocline{4}{7.0em}{4.1em}}
\newcommand*\l@subparagraph{\@dottedtocline{5}{10em}{5em}}
\def\@dotsep{2000}
\def\thebibliography{%
\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}{20\p@ \@plus 8\p@ \@minus 4pt}
{\@bls}{\normalsize\bfseries}*{\refname}%
\addcontentsline{toc}{section}{\refname}%
\@thebibliography}
\let\endthebibliography=\endlist
\def\@thebibliography#1{\@bibliosize
\list{\@biblabel{\arabic{enumiv}}}{\settowidth\labelwidth{\@biblabel{#1}}
\if@nameyear
\labelwidth\z@ \labelsep\z@ \leftmargin\parindent
\itemindent-\parindent
\else
\labelsep 3\p@ \itemindent\z@
\leftmargin\labelwidth \advance\leftmargin\labelsep
\fi
\itemsep 0.3\@bls \@plus 0.1\@bls \@minus 0.1\@bls
\usecounter{enumiv}\let\p@enumiv\@empty
\def\theenumiv{\arabic{enumiv}}}%
\tolerance\@M
\hyphenpenalty\@M
\hbadness5000 \sfcode`\.=1000\relax}
\newcommand\newblock{\hskip .11em\@plus.33em\@minus.07em}
\if@nameyear
\def\@biblabel#1{}
\else
\def\@biblabel#1{[#1]\hskip \z@ \@plus 1filll}
\fi
\let\make@bb@error\relax
\def\@mkbberr{\def\bibitem{\ClassError{elsart}%
{Bibitem after note}%
{You are using a bibitem after a note in a subbibitems
environment;\MessageBreak
note should the last item in a subbibitems environment}}}
\def\@itemnote{\make@bb@error\item[]}
\def\mk@noitemnote{\ifx\@tempa\note \let\note\@noitemnote \fi}
\def\@noitemnote{\let\note\@itemnote}
\AtBeginDocument{%
\let\nopeek@bibitem\@bibitem
\let\nopeek@lbibitem\@lbibitem
\def\@bibitem#1{\let\note\@itemnote\nopeek@bibitem{#1}%
\futurelet\@tempa\mk@noitemnote}
\def\@lbibitem[#1]#2{\let\note\@itemnote\nopeek@lbibitem[#1]{#2}%
\futurelet\@tempa\mk@noitemnote}
}
\newif\if@natbibloaded\@natbibloadedfalse
\AtBeginDocument{\@ifpackageloaded{natbib}{\@natbibloadedtrue}{}}
\newenvironment{subbibitems}[1]{%
\if@natbibloaded\def\bib@ctr{NAT@ctr}\else\def\bib@ctr{enumiv}\fi
\if@filesw {\let \protect \noexpand \immediate \write \@auxout
{\string \nocollapse@cites}%
\global\let\nocollapse@cites\relax}\fi
\def\@itemslabel{#1}%
\stepcounter{\bib@ctr}%
\edef\main@bibnum{\the\value{\bib@ctr}}%
\setcounter{\bib@ctr}{0}%
\def\thebib@ctr{\main@bibnum\alph{\bib@ctr}}%
\if@natbibloaded
\def\bibitem{\@ifnextchar [{\@lbibitem }{\global \NAT@stdbsttrue
\stepcounter {\bib@ctr}\@lbibitem [\thebib@ctr]}}%
\else
\def\@bibitem##1{\stepcounter{\bib@ctr}\@lbibitem[\thebib@ctr]{##1}}%
\fi
\let\make@bb@error\@mkbberr
}{%
\if@filesw {%
\if@natbibloaded{%
\let\protect\noexpand
\immediate\write\@auxout {\string\bibcite{\@itemslabel}%
{{\main@bibnum a--\alph {\bib@ctr}}{}{{}}{{}}}}%
\immediate\write\@auxout {\string\bibcite{\@itemslabel :s}%
{{\main@bibnum}{}{{}}{{}}}}%
}\else{%
\let\protect\noexpand
\immediate\write\@auxout {\string\bibcite{\@itemslabel}%
{\main@bibnum a--\alph{\bib@ctr}}}%
\immediate\write\@auxout {\string\bibcite{\@itemslabel :s}%
{\main@bibnum}}%
}\fi
}\fi
\setcounter{\bib@ctr}{\main@bibnum}%
}
\let\nocollapse@citex\@citex
\newcount\@tempcntc
\def\collapse@citex[#1]#2{\if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{#2}}\fi
\@tempcnta\z@\@tempcntb\m@ne\def\@citea{}\@cite{\@for\@citeb:=#2\do
{\@ifundefined
{b@\@citeb}{\@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citea\def\@citea{,}{\bfseries ?}\@warning
{Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
{\setbox\z@\hbox{\global\@tempcntc0\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname\relax}%
\ifnum\@tempcntc=\z@ \@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne
\@citea\def\@citea{,}\hbox{\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname}%
\else
\advance\@tempcntb\@ne
\ifnum\@tempcntb=\@tempcntc
\else\advance\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citeo
\@tempcnta\@tempcntc\@tempcntb\@tempcntc\fi\fi}}\@citeo}{#1}}
\let\@citex\collapse@citex
\def\nocollapse@cites{%
\@ifpackageloaded{hyperref}{}{\global\let\@citex\nocollapse@citex}%
\global\let\nocollapse@cites\relax}
\def\@citeo{\ifnum\@tempcnta>\@tempcntb\else\@citea\def\@citea{,}%
\ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb\the\@tempcnta\else
{\advance\@tempcnta\@ne\ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb \else \def\@citea{--}\fi
\advance\@tempcnta\m@ne\the\@tempcnta\@citea\the\@tempcntb}\fi\fi}
\@namedef{cv*}{\section*{Curriculum Vitae}\cv}
\def\cv{\hangindent=7pc \hangafter=-12 \parskip\bigskipamount \small}
\def\footnote{\@ifnextchar[{\@xfootnote}{\refstepcounter
{\@mpfn}\protected@xdef\@thefnmark{\thempfn}\@footnotemark\@footnotetext}}
\def\footnotemark{\@ifnextchar[{\@xfootnotemark
}{\refstepcounter{footnote}\xdef\@thefnmark{\thefootnote}\@footnotemark}}
\def\footnoterule{\kern-3\p@
\hrule \@width 3pc % The \hrule has default \@height of 0.4pt.
\kern 2.6\p@}
\def\thempfootnote{\alph{mpfootnote}}
\def\mpfootnotemark{%
\@ifnextchar[{\@xmpfootnotemark}{\stepcounter{mpfootnote}%
\begingroup
\let\protect\noexpand
\xdef\@thefnmark{\thempfootnote}%
\endgroup
\@footnotemark}}
\def\@xmpfootnotemark[#1]{%
\begingroup
\c@mpfootnote #1\relax
\let\protect\noexpand
\xdef\@thefnmark{\thempfootnote}%
\endgroup
\@footnotemark}
\def\@mpmakefnmark{\,\hbox{$^{\mathrm{\@thefnmark}}$}}
\long\def\@mpmakefntext#1{\noindent
\hbox{$^{\mathrm{\@thefnmark}}$} #1}
\def\@iiiminipage#1#2[#3]#4{%
\leavevmode
\@pboxswfalse
\setlength\@tempdima{#4}%
\def\@mpargs{{#1}{#2}[#3]{#4}}%
\setbox\@tempboxa\vbox\bgroup
\color@begingroup
\hsize\@tempdima
\textwidth\hsize \columnwidth\hsize
\@parboxrestore
\def\@mpfn{mpfootnote}\def\thempfn{\thempfootnote}\c@mpfootnote\z@
\let\@footnotetext\@mpfootnotetext
\let\@makefntext\@mpmakefntext
\let\@makefnmark\@mpmakefnmark
\let\@listdepth\@mplistdepth \@mplistdepth\z@
\@minipagerestore\global\@minipagetrue %% \global added 24 May 89
\everypar{\global\@minipagefalse\everypar{}}}
\def\fn@presym{}
\long\def\@makefntext#1{\noindent\hbox to 1em
{$^{\fn@presym\mathrm{\@thefnmark}}$\hss}#1}
\def\@makefnmark{\,\hbox{$^{\fn@presym\mathrm{\@thefnmark}}$}\,}
\def\patched@end@dblfloat{%
\if@twocolumn
\par\vskip\z@skip %% \par\vskip\z@ added 15 Dec 87
\global\@minipagefalse
\outer@nobreak
\egroup %% end of vbox
\color@endbox
\ifnum\@floatpenalty <\z@
\@largefloatcheck
\@cons\@dbldeferlist\@currbox
\fi
\ifnum \@floatpenalty =-\@Mii \@Esphack\fi
\else
\end@float
\fi
}
\setcounter{topnumber}{5}
\def\topfraction{0.99}
\def\textfraction{0.05}
\def\floatpagefraction{0.9}
\setcounter{bottomnumber}{5}
\def\bottomfraction{0.99}
\setcounter{totalnumber}{10}
\def\dbltopfraction{0.99}
\def\dblfloatpagefraction{0.8}
\setcounter{dbltopnumber}{5}
\long\def\@maketablecaption#1#2{\@tablecaptionsize
\global \@minipagefalse
\hbox to \hsize{\parbox[t]{\hsize}{#1 \\ #2}}}
\long\def\@makefigurecaption#1#2{\@figurecaptionsize
\vskip \@overcaptionskip
\setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{#1. #2}
\ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\hsize % IF longer than one line THEN
\unhbox\@tempboxa\par % set as justified paragraph
\else % ELSE
\global \@minipagefalse
\hbox to\hsize{\hfil\box\@tempboxa\hfil}% center single line.
\fi}
\def\@makecaption{\@makefigurecaption}
\def\conttablecaption{\par \begingroup \@parboxrestore \normalsize
\@makecaption{\fnum@table\,---\,continued}{}\par
\vskip-1pc \endgroup}
\def\contfigurecaption{\vskip-1pc \par \begingroup \@parboxrestore
\@captionsize
\@makecaption{\fnum@figure\,---\,continued}{}\par
\endgroup}
\newcounter{figure}
\def\thefigure{\@arabic\c@figure}
\def\fps@figure{tbp}
\def\ftype@figure{1}
\def\ext@figure{lof}
\def\fnum@figure{\figurename~\thefigure}
\def\figure{%
\let\@makecaption\@makefigurecaption
\let\contcaption\contfigurecaption \@float{figure}}
\let\endfigure\end@float
\@namedef{figure*}{%
\let\@makecaption\@makefigurecaption
\let\contcaption\contfigurecaption \@dblfloat{figure}}
\@namedef{endfigure*}{\end@dblfloat}
\newcounter{table}
\def\thetable{\@arabic\c@table}
\def\fps@table{tbp}
\def\ftype@table{2}
\def\ext@table{lot}
\def\fnum@table{\tablename~\thetable}
\let\old@floatboxreset\@floatboxreset
\def\table{%
\let\@makecaption\@maketablecaption
\def\@floatboxreset{%
\old@floatboxreset
\@tablesize
}%
\let\footnoterule\relax
\let\contcaption\conttablecaption \@float{table}}
\let\endtable\end@float
\@namedef{table*}{%
\let\@makecaption\@maketablecaption
\def\@floatboxreset{%
\old@floatboxreset
\@tablesize
}%
\let\footnoterule\relax
\let\contcaption\conttablecaption \@dblfloat{table}}
\@namedef{endtable*}{\end@dblfloat}
\newtoks\t@glob@notes % List of all notes
\newtoks\t@loc@notes % List of notes for one element
\newcount\note@cnt % Number of notes per element
\newtoks\corauth@text
\newtoks\email@text
\newtoks\url@text
\newcounter{corauth}
\newcounter{author} % Author counter
\newcount\n@author % Total number of authors
\def\n@author@{1} % idem, read from .aux file
\newcounter{collab} % Collaboration counter
\newcount\n@collab % Total number of collaborations
\def\n@collab@{} % idem, read from .aux file
\newcounter{address} % Address counter
\def\theHaddress{\arabic{address}}% for hyperref
\newdimen\sv@mathsurround % Dimen register to save \mathsurround
\newcount\sv@hyphenpenalty % Count register to save \hyphenpenalty
\newcount\prev@elem \prev@elem=0 % Variables to keep track of
\newcount\cur@elem \cur@elem=0 % types of elements that are processed
\chardef\e@title=1
\chardef\e@subtitle=1
\chardef\e@author=2
\chardef\e@collab=3
\chardef\e@address=4
\newif\if@newelem % Switch to new type of element?
\newif\if@firstauthor % First author or collaboration?
\newif\if@preface % If preface: omit history and abstract
\newif\if@hasabstract % If abstract / keywords: do not omit rules
\newif\if@haskeywords % If abstract / keywords: do not omit rules
\newbox\fm@box % Box for collected front matter
\newdimen\fm@size % Total height of \fm@box
\newbox\t@abstract % Box for abstract
\newbox\t@keyword % Box for keyword abstract
\let\report@elt\@gobble
\def\add@tok#1#2{\global#1\expandafter{\the#1#2}}
\def\add@xtok#1#2{\begingroup
\no@harm
\xdef\@act{\global\noexpand#1{\the#1#2}}\@act
\endgroup}
\def\beg@elem{\global\t@loc@notes={}\global\note@cnt\z@}
\def\@xnamedef#1{\expandafter\xdef\csname #1\endcsname}
\def\no@harm{%
\let\\=\relax \let\rm\relax
\let\ss=\relax \let\ae=\relax \let\oe=\relax
\let\AE=\relax \let\OE=\relax
\let\o=\relax \let\O=\relax
\let\i=\relax \let\j=\relax
\let\aa=\relax \let\AA=\relax
\let\l=\relax \let\L=\relax
\let\d=\relax \let\b=\relax \let\c=\relax
\let\bar=\relax
\def\protect{\noexpand\protect\noexpand}}
\def\proc@elem#1#2{\begingroup
\no@harm % make a few instructions harmless
\let\thanksref\@gobble % remove \thanksref from element
\let\corauthref\@gobble
\@xnamedef{@#1}{#2}% % and store as \@#1
\let\thanksref\add@thanksref
\let\corauthref\add@thanksref
\setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{#2}%
\endgroup
\prev@elem=\cur@elem % keep track of type of previous
\cur@elem=\csname e@#1\endcsname % and current element
}
\def\add@thanksref#1{\global\advance\note@cnt\@ne
\ifnum\note@cnt>\@ne \add@xtok\t@loc@notes{\note@sep}\fi
\add@tok\t@loc@notes{\ref{#1}}}
\def\note@sep{,}
\def\thanks{\@ifnextchar[{\@tempswatrue
\thanks@optarg}{\@tempswafalse\thanks@optarg[]}}
\def\thanks@optarg[#1]#2{\refstepcounter{footnote}%
\if@tempswa\label{#1}\else\relax\fi
\add@tok\t@glob@notes{\footnotetext}%
\add@xtok\t@glob@notes{[\the\c@footnote]}%
\add@tok\t@glob@notes{{#2}}%
\ignorespaces}
\def\corauth{\@ifnextchar[{\@tempswatrue
\corauth@optarg}{\@tempswafalse\corauth@optarg[]}}
\def\corauth@optarg[#1]#2{\refstepcounter{corauth}%
\if@tempswa\label{#1}\else\relax\fi
\add@tok\corauth@text{\footnotetext}%
\add@xtok\corauth@text{[\the\c@corauth]}%
\add@tok\corauth@text{{#2}}\ignorespaces}
\newcommand\ead[1][email]{%
\add@eadcomma{#1}%
\expandafter\ifcase\csname has@ead@#1\endcsname
\expandafter\global\expandafter\chardef
\csname has@ead@#1\endcsname=1\relax\else
\expandafter\global\expandafter\chardef
\csname has@ead@#1\endcsname=2\relax\fi
\add@ead{#1}%
}
\def\add@ead#1#2{%
\expandafter\add@tok\csname #1@text\endcsname{\texttt{#2}\ead@au}%
\expandafter\add@xtok\csname #1@text\endcsname{{\@author}}%
\ignorespaces
}
\def\add@eadcomma#1{%
\expandafter\ifcase\csname has@ead@#1\endcsname\else
\expandafter\add@tok\csname #1@text\endcsname{, }\fi
}
\let\@ead@au\@empty
\def\ead@newau{\ifx\@ead@au\@empty\else\ead@addau\@ead@au
\let\@ead@au\@empty\fi}
\let\ead@endau\ead@newau
\def\ead@addau#1{ (#1)}
\def\ead@au#1{\edef\@ead@au{#1}}
\def\email@name{Email address}
\def\emails@name{Email addresses}
\chardef\has@ead@email=0
\def\url@name{URL}
\def\urls@name{URLs}
\chardef\has@ead@url=0
\let\real@refstepcounter\refstepcounter
\def\footnote{\@ifnextchar[{\@xfootnote}{\real@refstepcounter
{\@mpfn}\protected@xdef\@thefnmark{\thempfn}\@footnotemark\@footnotetext}}
\def\footnotemark{\@ifnextchar[{\@xfootnotemark
}{\real@refstepcounter{footnote}\xdef\@thefnmark{\thefootnote}\@footnotemark}}
\def\footnoterule{\kern-3\p@
\hrule \@width 3pc % The \hrule has default \@height of 0.4pt.
\kern 2.6\p@}
\let\report@elt\@gobble
\newenvironment{NoHyper}{}{}
\def\frontmatter{%
\NoHyper
\let\@corresp@note\relax
\global\t@glob@notes={}\global\c@author\z@
\global\c@collab\z@ \global\c@address\z@
\sv@mathsurround\mathsurround \m@th
\global\n@author=0\n@author@\relax
\global\n@collab=0\n@collab@\relax
\global\advance\n@author\m@ne % In comparisons later on we need
\global\advance\n@collab\m@ne % n@author-1 and n@collab-1
\global\@firstauthortrue % set to false by first \author or \collab
\global\@hasabstractfalse % Default: no abstract or keywords
\global\@haskeywordsfalse % Default: no abstract or keywords
\global\@prefacefalse % not preface
\ifnum\c@firstpage=\c@lastpage
\gdef\@pagerange{\@pagenumprefix\ESpagenumber{firstpage}}
\else
\gdef\@pagerange{\@pagenumprefix
\ESpagenumber{firstpage}--\@pagenumprefix\ESpagenumber{lastpage}}%
\fi
\parskip 4\p@
\open@fm \ignorespaces}
\def\preface{\@prefacetrue}
\def\endfrontmatter{%
\ifx\@runauthor\relax
\global\let\@runauthor\@runningauthor
\fi
\global\n@author=\c@author
\global\n@collab=\c@collab \@writecount
\global\@topnum\z@
\thispagestyle{copyright}% % Format rest of front matter:
\if@preface \else % IF not preface THEN
\vskip \@overhistoryskip
\history@fmt % print history (received, ...)
\newcount\c@sv@footnote
\global\c@sv@footnote=\c@footnote % save current footnote number
\if@hasabstract % IF abstract/ keywords THEN
\vskip \@preabstractskip % Space above rule
\hrule height 0.4\p@ % Rule above abstract/keywords
\vskip 8\p@
\unvbox\t@abstract % print abstract, if any
\fi
\if@haskeywords % IF keywords THEN
\vskip \@overkeywordskip
\unvbox\t@keyword % Keyword abstract, if any
\fi % FI
\vskip 10\p@
\hrule height 0.4\p@ % rule below abstract/keywords
\dedicated@fmt % print dedication
\vskip \@belowfmskip % Vertical space below frontmatter
\fi % FI
\close@fm % Close front matter material.
\output@glob@notes % Put notes at bottom of 1st page
\global\c@footnote=\c@sv@footnote % restore footnote number
\global\@prefacefalse
\global\leftskip\z@ % Restore the normal values of
\global\@rightskip\z@ % \leftskip,
\global\rightskip\@rightskip % \rightskip and
\global\mathsurround\sv@mathsurround % \mathsurround.
\let\title\relax \let\author\relax
\let\collab\relax \let\address\relax
\let\frontmatter\relax \let\endfrontmatter\relax
\let\@maketitle\relax \let\@@maketitle\relax
\normal@text
}
\let\maketitle\relax
\newdimen\t@xtheight
\t@xtheight\textheight \advance\t@xtheight-\splittopskip
\def\open@fm{\global\setbox\fm@box=\vbox\bgroup
\hsize=\@frontmatterwidth % Front matter is page-wide by default
\centering % and centered
\sv@hyphenpenalty\hyphenpenalty % (save \hyphenpenalty)
\hyphenpenalty\@M} % and not hyphenated
\def\close@fm{\egroup % close \vbox (\fm@box)
\fm@size=\dp\fm@box \advance\fm@size by \ht\fm@box
\@whiledim\fm@size>\t@xtheight \do{%
\global\setbox\@tempboxa=\vsplit\fm@box to \t@xtheight
\unvbox\@tempboxa \newpage
\fm@size=\dp\fm@box \advance\fm@size by \ht\fm@box}
\if@TwoColumn
\emergencystretch=1pc \twocolumn[\unvbox\fm@box]
\else
\unvbox\fm@box
\fi}
\def\output@glob@notes{\bgroup
\the\t@glob@notes
\egroup}
\def\justify@off{\let\\=\@normalcr
\leftskip\z@ \@rightskip\@flushglue \rightskip\@rightskip}
\def\justify@on{\let\\=\@normalcr
\leftskip\z@ \@rightskip\z@ \rightskip\@rightskip}
\def\normal@text{\global\let\\=\@normalcr
\global\leftskip\z@ \global\@rightskip\z@ \global\rightskip\@rightskip
\global\parfillskip\@flushglue}
\def\@writecount{\write\@mainaux{\string\global
\string\@namedef{n@author@}{\the\n@author}}%
\write\@mainaux{\string\global\string
\@namedef{n@collab@}{\the\n@collab}}}
\def\title#1{%
\beg@elem
\title@note@fmt % formatting instruction
\add@tok\t@glob@notes % for \thanks commands
{\title@note@fmt}%
\proc@elem{title}{#1}%
\def\title@notes{\the\t@loc@notes}% % store the notes of the title,
\title@fmt{\@title}{\title@notes}% % print the title
\ignorespaces}
\def\subtitle#1{%
\beg@elem
\proc@elem{subtitle}{#1}%
\def\title@notes{\the\t@loc@notes}% % store the notes of the title,
\subtitle@fmt{\@subtitle}{\title@notes}% print the title
\ignorespaces}
\newdimen \@logoheight \@logoheight 5pc
\def\@Lhook{\vrule \@height \@logoheight \@width \z@ \vrule \@height 10\p@ \@width
0.2\p@ \vrule \@height 0.2\p@ \@width 10pt}
\def\@Rhook{\vrule \@height 0.2\p@ \@width 10\p@ \vrule \@height 10\p@ \@width 0.2\p@
\vrule \@height \@logoheight \@width \z@}
\def\title@fmt#1#2{%
\@ifundefined{@runtitle}{\global\def\@runtitle{#1}}{}%
\vspace*{12pt} % Vertical space above title
{\@titlesize #1\,\hbox{$^{#2}$}\par}%
\vskip\@undertitleskip
\vskip24\p@ % Vertical space below title
}
\def\subtitle@fmt#1#2{% % No vertical space above sub-title
{\@titlesize #1\,\hbox{$^{#2}$}}\par}
\def\title@note@fmt{\def\thefootnote{\fnstar{footnote}}}
\def\author{\@ifnextchar[{\author@optarg}{\author@optarg[]}}
\def\author@optarg[#1]#2{\stepcounter{author}%
\beg@elem
\add@tok\email@text{\ead@newau}%
\add@tok\url@text{\ead@newau}%
\@for\@tempa:=#1\do{\expandafter\add@thanksref\expandafter{\@tempa}}%
\report@elt{author}\proc@elem{author}{#2}%
\ifnum0\n@collab@=\z@ \runningauthor@fmt \fi
\author@fmt{\the\c@author}{\the\t@loc@notes}{\@author}%
}
\def\runningauthor@fmt{%
\begingroup\no@harm
\if@firstauthor
\ifnum0\n@author@ > 2
\global\edef\@runningauthor{\@author\ et al.}%
\else
\global\let\@runningauthor\@author%
\fi
\else % \c@author > 1
\ifnum0\n@author@ = 2
\global\edef\@runningauthor{\@runningauthor\ \& \noexpand\@author}%
\fi
\fi
\endgroup
}
\def\author@fmt#1#2#3{\@newelemtrue
\if@firstauthor
\first@author \global\@firstauthorfalse \fi
\ifnum\prev@elem=\e@author \global\@newelemfalse \fi
\if@newelem \author@fmt@init \fi
\edef\@tempb{#2}\ifx\@tempb\@empty
\hbox{{\author@font #3}}\else
\hbox{{\author@font #3}\,$^{\mathrm{#2}}$}%
\fi}
\def\first@author{\author@note@fmt
\corauth@mark@fmt
\add@tok\t@glob@notes
{\output@corauth@text
\output@ead@text{email}%
\output@ead@text{url}%
\author@note@fmt}%
}%
\def\author@fmt@init{%
\par
\vskip 8\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 2\p@
\@authorsize
\leavevmode} % Vertical space above author list
\def\and{\unskip~and~}
\def\collab{\@ifstar{\collab@arg}{\collab@arg}}
\let\collaboration=\collab
\def\collab@arg#1{\stepcounter{collab}%
\if@firstauthor \first@collab \global\@firstauthorfalse \fi
\gdef\@runningauthor{#1}%
\beg@elem
\proc@elem{collab}{#1}%
\collab@fmt{\the\c@collab}{\the\t@loc@notes}{\@collab}%
\ignorespaces}
\def\collab@fmt#1#2#3{\@newelemtrue
\ifnum\prev@elem=\e@collab \global\@newelemfalse \fi
\if@newelem \collab@fmt@init \fi
\par % Start new paragraph
{\large #3\,$^{\mathrm{#2}}$}}
\def\first@collab{
\collab@note@fmt % re-define \thefootnote as
\add@tok\t@glob@notes % appropriate for collab/address
{\collab@note@fmt}}%
\def\collab@fmt@init{\vskip 1em} % Vertical space above list
\def\author@note@fmt{\setcounter{footnote}{0}%
\def\thefootnote{\xarabic{footnote}}}
\let\collab@note@fmt=\author@note@fmt
\def\corauth@mark@fmt{\def\thecorauth{\astsymbol{corauth}}}
\def\output@corauth@text{\def\thefootnote{\astsymbol{footnote}}%
\the\corauth@text}
\def\output@ead@text#1{%
\expandafter\add@tok\csname #1@text\endcsname{\ead@endau}%
\expandafter\ifcase\csname has@ead@#1\endcsname\else
{\let\thefootnote\relax
\footnotetext[0]{\raggedright\textit{%
\expandafter\ifcase\csname has@ead@#1\endcsname\or
\csname #1@name\endcsname\else
\csname #1s@name\endcsname\fi
: }%
\expandafter\the\csname #1@text\endcsname.}}%
\fi}
\def\xarabic#1{%
\expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\ifnum\expandafter\the\@nameuse{c@#1}<0
*\else\arabic{#1} \fi}
\def\xalph#1{%
\expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\ifnum\expandafter\the\@nameuse{c@#1}<0
*\else\alph{#1} \fi}
\def\xfnsymbol#1{%
\expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\ifnum\expandafter\the\@nameuse{c@#1}<0
*\else\fnsymbol{#1} \fi}
\def\address{\@ifstar{\address@star}%
{\@ifnextchar[{\address@optarg}{\address@noptarg}}}
\def\address@optarg[#1]#2{\real@refstepcounter{address}%
\beg@elem
\report@elt{address}\proc@elem{address}{#2}%
\address@fmt{\c@address}{\the\t@loc@notes}{\@address}{#1}%
\if@Elproofing\else\label{#1}\fi
\ignorespaces}
\def\address@noptarg#1{\real@refstepcounter{address}%
\beg@elem
\proc@elem{address}{#1}%
\address@fmt{\z@}{\the\t@loc@notes}{\@address}{\theaddress}%
\ignorespaces}
\def\address@star#1{%
\beg@elem
\proc@elem{address}{#1}%
\address@fmt{\m@ne}{\the\t@loc@notes}{\@address}{*}%
\ignorespaces}
\def\theaddress{\alph{address}}
\def\address@fmt#1#2#3#4{\@newelemtrue
\if@Elproofing\def\@eltag{#4}\else\def\@eltag{\theaddress}\fi
\ifnum\prev@elem=\e@address \@newelemfalse \fi
\if@newelem \address@fmt@init \fi
\noindent \bgroup \@addressstyle
\ifnum#1=\z@
#3\,$^{\mathrm{#2}}$\space%
\else
\ifnum#1=\m@ne
$^{\phantom{\mathrm{\@eltag}}}$\space #3\,$^{\mathrm{#2}}$%
\else
$^{\mathrm{\@eltag}}\space$#3\,$^{\mathrm{#2}}$%
\fi
\fi
\par \egroup}
\def\address@fmt@init{%
\par % Start new paragraph
\vskip 6\p@ \@plus 3\p@ \@minus 1.5pt}
\def\abstract{\@ifnextchar[{\@abstract}{\@abstract[]}}
\def\@abstract[#1]{%
\global\@hasabstracttrue
\hyphenpenalty\sv@hyphenpenalty % restore \hyphenpenalty
\global\setbox\t@abstract=\vbox\bgroup
\leftskip\z@
\@rightskip\z@ \rightskip\@rightskip \parfillskip\@flushglue
\small
\parindent 1em % \parindent in abstract
\noindent {\bfseries\abstractname} % caption `Abstract' (bold)
\vskip 0.5\@bls % half a line of space below
\noindent\ignorespaces
}
\def\endabstract{\par \egroup}
\def\keyword{%
\global\@haskeywordstrue % Implies rules are to be printed
\hyphenpenalty\sv@hyphenpenalty % restore \hyphenpenalty
\def\sep{\unskip, } % separator for multiple keywords
\def\MSC{\par\leavevmode\hbox {\it 1991 MSC:\ }}%
\def\PACS{\par\leavevmode\hbox {\it PACS:\ }}%
\global\setbox\t@keyword=\vbox\bgroup
\@keywordsize
\parskip\z@
\vskip 10\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@ % One line of space above keywords.
\noindent\@keywordheading
\justify@off % Keywords are not justified.
\ignorespaces}
\def\endkeyword{\par \egroup}
\def\runtitle#1{\gdef\@runtitle{#1}}
\def\runauthor#1{\gdef\@runauthor{#1}}
\let\@runauthor\relax
\let\@runtitle\relax
\let\@runningauthor\relax
\def\RUNDATE{}
\def\RUNJNL{}
\def\RUNART{}
\def\journal#1{\gdef\@journal{#1}}
\def\volume#1{\gdef\@volume{#1}} \def\@volume{0}
\def\issue#1{\gdef\@issue{#1}} \def\@issue{0}
\newcount\@pubyear
\@pubyear=\number\year
\def\company#1{\def\@company{#1}}
\def\@copyrightyear{\number\year}
\def\@shortenyear#1#2#3#4\\{\global\def\@shortyear{#3#4}}
\expandafter\@shortenyear\the\@pubyear\\
\def\pubyear#1{\global\@pubyear#1
\expandafter\@shortenyear\the\@pubyear\\%
\ignorespaces}
\def\copyear#1{%
\gdef\@copyrightyear{#1}%
\ignorespaces}
\let\copyrightyear\copyear
\newcounter{firstpage}
\newcounter{lastpage}
\let\ESpagenumber\arabic
\def\firstpage#1{\def\@tempa{#1}\ifx\@tempa\@empty\else
\setcounter{firstpage}{#1}%
\global\c@page=#1 \ignorespaces\fi}
\setcounter{firstpage}{1}
\let\realpageref\pageref
\setcounter{lastpage}{0}
\def\lastpage#1{\def\@tempa{#1}\ifx\@tempa\@empty\else
\setcounter{lastpage}{#1}\ignorespaces\fi
}
\AtEndDocument{%
\clearpage
\addtocounter{page}{-1}%
\immediate\write\@auxout{%
\string\global\string\c@lastpage=\the\c@page}%
\addtocounter{page}{1}%
}
\def\date#1{\gdef\@date{#1}} \def\@date{\today}
\def\aid#1{}
\def\ssdi#1#2{}
\def\received#1{\def\@tempa{#1}\ifx\@tempa\@empty\else\gdef\@received{#1}\fi}
\def\@received{\relax}
\def\revised#1{\def\@tempa{#1}\ifx\@tempa\@empty\else\gdef\@revised{#1}\fi}
\def\@revised{\relax}
\def\accepted#1{\def\@tempa{#1}\ifx\@tempa\@empty\else\gdef\@accepted{#1}\fi}
\def\@accepted{\relax}
\def\communicated#1{\def\@tempa{#1}\ifx\@tempa\@empty\else\gdef\@communicated{#1}\fi}
\def\@communicated{\relax}
\def\dedicated#1{\def\@tempa{#1}\ifx\@tempa\@empty\else\gdef\@dedicated{#1}\fi}
\def\@dedicated{\relax}
\def\presented#1{\def\@tempa{#1}\ifx\@tempa\@empty\else\gdef\@presented{#1}\fi}
\def\@presented{\relax}
\def\articletype#1{\gdef\@articletype{#1}}
\@ifundefined{@articletype}{\def\@articletype{}}{}
\def\received@prefix{Received~}
\def\revised@prefix{; revised~}
\def\accepted@prefix{; accepted~}
\def\communicated@prefix{; communicated~by~}
\def\history@prefix{}
\def\received@postfix{}
\def\revised@postfix{}
\def\accepted@postfix{}
\def\communicated@postfix{}
\def\history@postfix{}
\def\empty@data{\relax}
\def\history@fmt{%
\bgroup
\@historysize
\vskip 6\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 1\p@ % Vertical space above history
\ifx\@received\empty@data \else % If there is no \received,
% do not print anything
\leavevmode
\history@prefix
\received@prefix\@received \received@postfix%
\ifx\@revised\empty@data \else
\revised@prefix\@revised \revised@postfix%
\fi
\ifx\@accepted\empty@data \else
\accepted@prefix\@accepted \accepted@postfix%
\fi
\ifx\@communicated\empty@data \else
\communicated@prefix\@communicated \communicated@postfix%
\fi
\history@postfix
\fi
\par \egroup}
\def\dedicated@fmt{%
\ifx\@dedicated\empty@data \else
\vskip 4\p@ \@plus 3\p@
\normalsize\it\centering \@dedicated
\fi}
\def\@alph#1{\ifcase#1\or a\or b\or c\or d\or e\or f\or g\or h\or i\or j\or
k\or \ell\or m\or n\or o\or p\or q\or r\or s\or t\or u\or v\or w\or x\or
y\or z\or aa\or ab\or ac\or ad\or ae\or af\or ag\or ah\or ai\or aj\or
ak\or a\ell\or am\or an\or ao\or ap\or aq\or ar\or as\or at\or au\or av\or
aw\or ay\or az\or ba\or bb\or bc\or bd\or be\or bf\or bg\or bh\or bi\or
bj\or bk\or b\ell\or bm\or bn\or bo\or bp\or bq\or br\or bs\or bt\or
bu\or bw\or bx\or by\or bz\or ca\or cb\or cc\or cd\or ce\or cf\or cg\or
ch\or ci\or cj\or ck\or c\ell\or cm\or cn\or co\or cp\or cq\or cr\or
cs\or ct\or cu\or cw\or cx\or cy\or cz\or da\or db\or dc\or dd\or de\or df\or dg\or
dh\or di\or dj\or dk\or
d\ell\or dm\or dn\or do\or dp\or dq\or dr\or ds\or dt\or du\or dw\or
dx\or dy\or dz\or ea\or eb\or ec\or ed\or ee\or ef\or eg\or eh\or
ei\or ej\or ek\or e\ell\or em\or en\or eo\or ep\or eq\or er\or es\or
et\or eu\or ew\or ex\or ey\or ez\else\@ctrerr\fi}
\def\fnstar#1{\@fnstar{\@nameuse{c@#1}}}
\def\@fnstar#1{\ifcase#1\or
\hbox{$\star$}\or
\hbox{$\star\star$}\or
\hbox{$\star\star\star$}\or
\hbox{$\star\star\star\star$}\or
\hbox{$\star\star\star\star\star$}\or
\hbox{$\star\star\star\star\star\star$}
\else
\@ctrerr
\fi
\relax}
\def\astsymbol#1{\@astsymbol{\@nameuse{c@#1}}}
\def\@astsymbol#1{\ifcase#1\or
\hbox{$\ast$}\or
\hbox{$\ast\ast$}\or
\hbox{$\ast\ast\ast$}\or
\hbox{$\ast\ast\ast\ast$}\or
\hbox{$\ast\ast\ast\ast\ast$}\or
\hbox{$\ast\ast\ast\ast\ast\ast$}%
\else
\@ctrerr
\fi
\relax}
\mark{{}{}} % Initializes TeX's marks
\def\ps@plain{\let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
\def\@oddhead{}%
\def\@evenhead{}%
\def\@oddfoot{\hfil {\rmfamily\thepage} \hfil}%
\let\@evenfoot\@oddfoot}
\def\@copyright{\@issn/\@shortyear/\$\@price\ $\copyright$\ \the\@pubyear\
\@company{} All rights reserved}
\def\@jou@vol@pag{\@journal\ \@volume\ (\the\@pubyear)\ \@pagerange}
\def\sectionmark#1{}
\def\subsectionmark#1{}
\let\@j@v@p\@jou@vol@pag % long journal title appears in reprint line
\let\@@j@v@p\@jou@vol@pag % long journal title appears in running headline
\def\sectionmark#1{}
\def\subsectionmark#1{}
\def\ps@copyright{\let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
\def\@oddhead{}%
\let\@evenhead\@oddhead
\def\@oddfoot{\small\slshape
\def\@tempa{0}
\ifx\@volume\@tempa
Preprint submitted to \@journal\hfil\@date\/%
\else
Article published in \@jou@vol@pag\hfil\hbox{}\fi}%
\let\@evenfoot\@oddfoot
}
\let\ps@noissn\ps@empty
\let\ps@headings\ps@plain
\def\today{\number\day\space\ifcase\month\or
January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or
July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi
\space\number\year}
\def\nuc#1#2{\relax\ifmmode{}^{#1}{\protect\text{#2}}\else${}^{#1}$#2\fi}
\def\itnuc#1#2{\setbox\@tempboxa=\hbox{\scriptsize\it #1}
\def\@tempa{{}^{\box\@tempboxa}\!\protect\text{\it #2}}\relax
\ifmmode \@tempa \else $\@tempa$\fi}
\let\old@vec\vec % save old definition of \vec
\def\pol#1{\old@vec{#1}}
\def\half{{\textstyle\frac{1}{2}}}
\def\threehalf{{\textstyle\frac{3}{2}}}
\def\quart{{\textstyle\frac{1}{4}}}
\if@symbold\else\def\d{\,\mathrm{d}}\fi
\def\e{\mathop{\mathrm{e}}\nolimits}
\def\int{\intop}
\def\oint{\ointop}
\newbox\slashbox \setbox\slashbox=\hbox{$/$}
\newbox\Slashbox \setbox\Slashbox=\hbox{\large$/$}
\def\pFMslash#1{\setbox\@tempboxa=\hbox{$#1$}
\@tempdima=0.5\wd\slashbox \advance\@tempdima 0.5\wd\@tempboxa
\copy\slashbox \kern-\@tempdima \box\@tempboxa}
\def\pFMSlash#1{\setbox\@tempboxa=\hbox{$#1$}
\@tempdima=0.5\wd\Slashbox \advance\@tempdima 0.5\wd\@tempboxa
\copy\Slashbox \kern-\@tempdima \box\@tempboxa}
\def\FMslash{\protect\pFMslash}
\def\FMSlash{\protect\pFMSlash}
\def\Cset{\mathbb{C}}
\def\Hset{\mathbb{H}}
\def\Nset{\mathbb{N}}
\def\Qset{\mathbb{Q}}
\def\Rset{\mathbb{R}}
\def\Zset{\mathbb{Z}}
\if@TwoColumn
\adjdemerits=100
\linepenalty=100
\doublehyphendemerits=5000 % experimental (1993-12-14)
\emergencystretch=1.6pc
\spaceskip=0.3em \@plus 0.17em \@minus 0.12em
\fi
\@frontmatterwidth\textwidth
\ps@headings % 'headings' page style
\pagenumbering{arabic} % Arabic page numbers
\def\thepage{\@pagenumprefix\ESpagenumber{page}} % preceded by \@pagenumprefix
\let\baselinestretch\@blstr
\InputIfFileExists{\@shortjid.cfg}{}{}
\endinput
%%
%% End of file `elsart.cls'.
original_sample.tex
modified_sample.tex
exported_sample.tex
re_exported_sample.tex
