Dear colleagues,

We are pleased to share our new publication in Frontiers in Marine Science:

Perez Tadeo, M. & O’Brien, J. (2025). Underwater Noise Levels in the Strait of 
Gibraltar and Surrounding Waters: Findings from the AMIGOS Survey. Frontiers in 
Marine Science, vol. 12, p. 1655366. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2025.1655366

Abstract:
Snapshots of underwater sound were collected during a multidisciplinary 
research survey at 14 stations south of the Iberian Peninsula, including the 
Strait of Gibraltar, an area characterized by intense maritime traffic. Sound 
Pressure Levels (SPLs) were quantified at each station using 1/3-octave bands, 
with a focus on the 63 Hz and 125 Hz centered frequency bands, as recommended 
by the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD). When possible, the main 
noise sources were also identified. SPLs in the 63 Hz band ranged from 104.91 
to 132.24 dB re 1 μPa, with an average of 113.21 dB re 1 μPa. In the 125 Hz 
band, SPLs ranged from 104.31 to 129.82 dB re 1 μPa, with an average of 110.27 
dB re 1 μPa. The highest SPLs were recorded at the stations in the Strait of 
Gibraltar and the Alboran Sea. A methodology consisting of attaching a 
SoundTrap to the research vessel’s CTD rosette was tested and proved to be an 
effective approach for assessing the underwater soundscape from vessels of 
opportunity.

Kind regards,

Dr Maria Perez Tadeo,

Marine and Freshwater Research Centre
Department of Natural Resources and the Environment
Atlantic Technological University


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