Marxism
Theoretical works The Communist Manifesto Das Kapital The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Napoleon Grundrisse The German Ideology Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts of 1844 Theses on Feuerbach Sociology and anthropology Alienation · Bourgeoisie Class consciousness Commodity fetishism Communism Cultural hegemony Exploitation · Human nature Ideology · Proletariat Reification · Socialism Relations of production Economics Labour power · Law of value Means of production Mode of production Productive forces Surplus labour · Surplus value Transformation problem Wage labour History Anarchism and Marxism Capitalist production Class struggle Dictatorship of the proletariat Primitive capital accumulation Proletarian revolution Proletarian internationalism World Revolution Philosophy Historical materialism Dialectical materialism Analytical Marxism Marxist autonomism Marxist feminism Marxist humanism Marxist geography Structural Marxism Western Marxism Libertarian Marxism Young Marx Prominent figures Karl Marx · Friedrich Engels Karl Kautsky · Georgi Plekhanov Rosa Luxemburg Antonie Pannekoek Vladimir Lenin · Leon Trotsky Georg Lukács · Guy Debord Antonio Gramsci · Karl Korsch Che Guevara · Frankfurt School Jean-Paul Sartre Louis Althusser Criticism Criticisms of Marxism All categorised articles Communism Portal This box: view ● talk ● edit This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding reliable references. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (October 2007) It has been suggested that Classical Marxism be merged into this article or section. (Discuss) Marxism is the political philosophy and practice derived from the work of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. Any political practice or theory that is based on an interpretation of the works of Marx and Engels may be called Marxism. There is still a significant[citation needed] and vital[citation needed] presence of marxist approaches in academic fields of research, trailing almost as an afterthought; these include anthropology, media studies, Theatre, history, economics, literary criticism, aesthetics and philosophy.[1] The constitution of the Communist Parties and Communist states was grounded in Marxism; the basic difference between Communism in general and Marxism, is that Communism aims at the realization of a "Communist society", while Marxism is a theoretical-practical framework based on the analysis of "the conflicts between the powerful and the subjugated".[2][3] As a consequence of this, there are many Marxist scholars and thinkers which adverse a communist society. While there are many theoretical and practical differences among the various forms of Marxism, most forms of Marxism share: a belief that capitalism is based on the exploitation of workers by the owners of capital a belief that people's consciousness of the conditions of their lives reflects material conditions and relations an understanding of class in terms of differing relations of production, and as a particular position within such relations an understanding of material conditions and social relations as historically malleable a view of history according to which class struggle, the evolving conflict between classes with opposing interests, structures each historical period and drives historical change The main points of contention among Marxists are the degree to which they are committed to a workers' revolution as the means of achieving human emancipation and enlightenment, and the actual mechanism through which such a revolution might occur and succeed. Marxism is correctly but not exhaustively described as a variety of Socialism being by far the variety for which there is the most historical experience[citation needed] both as a revolutionary movement and as the basis of actual governments[citation needed]. Some Marxists, however, such as Trotskyists, argue that no actual state has ever fully realized Marxist principles; other Marxists, such as Autonomists claim Marxist principles cannot be realized in any state construct seen through the 20th Century, and would necessitate a reconceptualization of the notion of state itself. Contents [hide] 1 Classical Marxism 1.1 Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels 1.2 Early influences 1.3 Main ideas 1.4 Class 1.5 Marx's theory of history 2 Marxist school of thought 2.1 Western Marxism 2.1.1 Structural Marxism 2.1.2 Neo-Marxism 2.1.3 The Frankfurt School 2.1.4 Cultural Marxism 2.1.5 Autonomist Marxism 2.1.6 Analytical Marxism 2.1.7 Marxist humanism 2.1.8 Key Western Marxists 2.1.8.1 Georg Lukács 2.1.8.2 Karl Korsch 2.1.8.3 Antonio Gramsci 2.1.8.4 Herbert Marcuse 2.1.8.5 Jean-Paul Sartre 2.1.8.6 Louis Althusser 2.1.8.7 E.P. Thompson, Christopher Hill and Eric Hobsbawm 2.2 Post Marxism 2.3 Marxist Feminism 3 Marxism as a political practice 3.1 History 3.2 Social Democracy 3.3 Socialism 3.4 Communism 3.4.1 Marxism-Leninism 3.4.2 Trotskyism 3.4.3 Maoism 3.5 Disputing these claims 4 Criticisms 4.1 Right 4.2 Left 5 Notes 6 References 7 See also 8 External links 8.1 General resources 8.2 Introductory articles 8.3 Marxist websites 8.4 Specific topics 8.5 Critiques of Marxism _______________________________________________ Marxism-Thaxis mailing list Marxism-Thaxis@lists.econ.utah.edu To change your options or unsubscribe go to: http://lists.econ.utah.edu/mailman/listinfo/marxism-thaxis
