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(This article by Christian Parenti is a critique of degrowth. In the excerpt below, you get an analysis that I am very familiar with. In 1991 William Cronon wrote a book titled "Nature's Metropolis: Chicago and the Great West" that made the case that the city's stockyards were part of its "ecology". This is really batty stuff.)

The truth is, we are not intruders. In reality, humans have always been an environment-making species. In fact, every species is.

What we call “nature” or “the environment” is ultimately just the sum total of layer upon layer of organism-environment interactions. Thus it is dynamic, not static. Every organism interacts with, and impacts, its environment. At the same time, every organism is always also part of the external environment of all other organisms.

https://jacobinmag.com/2019/10/environment-making-climate-change-green-new-deal
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