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I really do not see the point of imperative mandates. If it is possible to gather all the population of an electoral district into one place to debate issues and mandate their delegate, then on those issues they people might as well vote in a referendum and have their vote recorded. The whole point of representation is to save on labour time, freeing the majority of the population from having to debate everything. If you elect people to be representatives, whatever recall provision you theoretically have in place, you are establishing an oligarchic constitution. The only scientificly reliable way to achieve a representative sample is by random sampling, anything else is a piss poor compromise attempt to get round the inbuilt bias of elections. Why on earth are you concerned to retain the basically aristocratic constitutional principle that elections represent? The University of Glasgow, charity number SC004401 ________________________________________________ Send list submissions to: Marxism@lists.econ.utah.edu Set your options at: http://lists.econ.utah.edu/mailman/options/marxism/archive%40mail-archive.com