I was pleased to see this article on the reaction among African Americans to 
the attack on Ethiopia.
https://groups.io/g/marxmail/message/3421

I think it sheds light on the discussion we had about Ethiopia and how 
revolutionaries should have responded to that struggle.

This was the thread at the time, August 12 - 15
https://groups.io/g/marxmail/topic/76151064#346

If you scroll down to message 4 you get a link to an article by Joseph Green
http://www.communistvoice.org/30cTrotsky.html

Nothing to say about class relation in undeveloped countries
. * At one point Trotsky admitted that "permanent revolution" had nothing to 
say about what to do in very undeveloped countries, and seemed to suggest that, 
in those places, the working masses had little stake in the anti-colonial 
struggle. He wrote in 1930: "Does this [permanent revolution] at least mean 
that every country, including the most backward colonial country, is ripe, if 
not for socialism, then for the dictatorship of the proletariat? No, this is 
not what it means. Then what is to happen with the democratic revolution in 
general--and in the colonies in particular? .  .  . Then the struggle for 
national liberation will produce only very partial results, results directed 
entirely against the working masses. "(13) 
<http://www.communistvoice.org/30cTrotsky.html#N_13_> <> He had no suggestion 
whatsoever as to what the working masses in these countries could do.

. Ethiopia was presumably one of these countries. So, during the Italian 
fascist invasion of Ethiopia in the mid-30s, the most that Trotsky could do was 
call for support for Emperor Haile Selassie. The theory of "permanent 
revolution" had nothing to say about the class relations in Ethiopia, so 
Trotsky compared Haile Selassie to Cromwell and Robespierre, who he described 
as "dictators" who have played a "very progressive role in history". He put 
forward the perspective of Selassie striking "a mighty blow not only at Italian 
imperialism but at imperialism as a whole". Just over a week later, Selassie 
fled Ethiopia, leaving the Ethiopian people to resist Italy by themselves. Far 
from Selassie striking a blow at imperialism as a whole, discontent with his 
absolute monarchy simmered among the Ethiopian fighters, called "patriots", who 
continued the fight against Italian occupation from inside Ethiopia. (14) 
<http://www.communistvoice.org/30cTrotsky.html#N_14_>

 <>             ken h



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