hello,
I get a segmentation fault with the pylab mode and I made several
test to track down a bug but it's beyond my level and I still don't now
if it's an ipython bug or matplotlib bug ...

let's reproduce the bug !!!!
     ________________
____/   try 1 Qt4Agg \_____

phil@Numokh ~ % ipython -pylab
In [1]: plt.plot([4])
segmentation fault  ipython -pylab 

By default I have Qt4Agg as backend but it doesn't work with all
backends 

     _______________
____/   try 2 TkAgg \_____

phil@Numokh ~ % ipython -pylab

In [1]: plt.rcParams['backend']='TkAgg'

In [2]: plt.get_backend()
Out[2]: 'TkAgg'

In [3]: plt.plot([4])
segmentation fault  ipython -pylab


     ____________________________
____/   try 3 Qt4Agg + backtrace \_____


I made a backtrace with gdb
phil@Numokh ~ % gdb python 
GNU gdb (Gentoo 7.2 p1) 7.2
Copyright (C) 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later
<http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html> This is free software: you are free
to change and redistribute it. There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent
permitted by law.  Type "show copying" and "show warranty" for details.
This GDB was configured as "x86_64-pc-linux-gnu".
For bug reporting instructions, please see:
<http://bugs.gentoo.org/>...
Reading symbols from /usr/bin/python...(no debugging symbols
found)...done. (gdb) r /usr/bin/ipython -pylab
Starting program: /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/ipython -pylab
process 4149 is executing new program: /usr/bin/python2.7
[Thread debugging using libthread_db enabled]
process 4149 is executing new program: /usr/bin/python2.7
[Thread debugging using libthread_db enabled]

In [1]: plt.plot([4])

Program received signal SIGSEGV, Segmentation fault.
0x00007fffe82d5ce7 in __cxa_allocate_exception ()
   from /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/4.4.4/libstdc++.so.6
(gdb) bt
#0  0x00007fffe82d5ce7 in __cxa_allocate_exception ()
   from /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/4.4.4/libstdc++.so.6
#1  0x00007fffe4d1f8a4 in py_to_agg_transformation_matrix(_object*,
bool) () from /usr/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/_path.so
#2  0x00007fffe4d2a42b in _path_module::update_path_extents(Py::Tuple
const&) () from /usr/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/_path.so
#3  0x00007fffe4d31108 in
Py::ExtensionModule<_path_module>::invoke_method_varargs(void*,
Py::Tuple const&) ()
from /usr/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/_path.so #4
0x00007fffe4d1acbd in method_varargs_call_handler ()
from /usr/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/_path.so #5
0x00007ffff7b09263 in PyEval_EvalFrameEx ()
from /usr/lib/libpython2.7.so.1.0 #6  0x00007ffff7b0ab50 in
PyEval_EvalCodeEx () from /usr/lib/libpython2.7.so.1.0 #7
0x00007ffff7b09337 in PyEval_EvalFrameEx ()
from /usr/lib/libpython2.7.so.1.0 #8  0x00007ffff7b0ab50 in
PyEval_EvalCodeEx () from /usr/lib/libpython2.7.so.1.0
#9  0x00007ffff7b09337 in PyEval_EvalFrameEx ()
   from /usr/lib/libpython2.7.so.1.0
#10 0x00007ffff7b0ab50 in PyEval_EvalCodeEx ()
   from /usr/lib/libpython2.7.so.1.0
---Type <return> to continue, or q <return> to quit---
#11 0x00007ffff7b09337 in PyEval_EvalFrameEx ()
   from /usr/lib/libpython2.7.so.1.0
#12 0x00007ffff7b0ab50 in PyEval_EvalCodeEx ()
   from /usr/lib/libpython2.7.so.1.0
#13 0x00007ffff7a95f26 in ?? () from /usr/lib/libpython2.7.so.1.0
#14 0x00007ffff7a6d542 in PyObject_Call ()
from /usr/lib/libpython2.7.so.1.0 #15 0x00007ffff7b07a27 in
PyEval_EvalFrameEx () from /usr/lib/libpython2.7.so.1.0
#16 0x00007ffff7b0ab50 in PyEval_EvalCodeEx ()
   from /usr/lib/libpython2.7.so.1.0
#17 0x00007ffff7b09337 in PyEval_EvalFrameEx ()
   from /usr/lib/libpython2.7.so.1.0
#18 0x00007ffff7b0ab50 in PyEval_EvalCodeEx ()
   from /usr/lib/libpython2.7.so.1.0
#19 0x00007ffff7b0ac62 in PyEval_EvalCode ()
from /usr/lib/libpython2.7.so.1.0 #20 0x00007ffff7b0a155 in
PyEval_EvalFrameEx () from /usr/lib/libpython2.7.so.1.0
#21 0x00007ffff7b0ab50 in PyEval_EvalCodeEx ()
   from /usr/lib/libpython2.7.so.1.0
#22 0x00007ffff7b09337 in PyEval_EvalFrameEx ()
   from /usr/lib/libpython2.7.so.1.0
#23 0x00007ffff7b0ab50 in PyEval_EvalCodeEx ()
   from /usr/lib/libpython2.7.so.1.0
---Type <return> to continue, or q <return> to quit---
#24 0x00007ffff7b09337 in PyEval_EvalFrameEx ()
   from /usr/lib/libpython2.7.so.1.0
#25 0x00007ffff7b09464 in PyEval_EvalFrameEx ()
   from /usr/lib/libpython2.7.so.1.0
#26 0x00007ffff7b0ab50 in PyEval_EvalCodeEx ()
   from /usr/lib/libpython2.7.so.1.0
#27 0x00007ffff7b09337 in PyEval_EvalFrameEx ()
   from /usr/lib/libpython2.7.so.1.0
#28 0x00007ffff7b0ab50 in PyEval_EvalCodeEx ()
   from /usr/lib/libpython2.7.so.1.0
#29 0x00007ffff7b09337 in PyEval_EvalFrameEx ()
   from /usr/lib/libpython2.7.so.1.0
#30 0x00007ffff7b0ab50 in PyEval_EvalCodeEx ()
   from /usr/lib/libpython2.7.so.1.0
#31 0x00007ffff7b09337 in PyEval_EvalFrameEx ()
   from /usr/lib/libpython2.7.so.1.0
#32 0x00007ffff7b0ab50 in PyEval_EvalCodeEx ()
   from /usr/lib/libpython2.7.so.1.0
#33 0x00007ffff7b0ac62 in PyEval_EvalCode ()
from /usr/lib/libpython2.7.so.1.0 #34 0x00007ffff7b24e8c in ?? ()
from /usr/lib/libpython2.7.so.1.0 #35 0x00007ffff7b24f62 in
PyRun_FileExFlags () from /usr/lib/libpython2.7.so.1.0
#36 0x00007ffff7b2649c in PyRun_SimpleFileExFlags ()
---Type <return> to continue, or q <return> to quit---
   from /usr/lib/libpython2.7.so.1.0
#37 0x00007ffff7b37619 in Py_Main () from /usr/lib/libpython2.7.so.1.0
#38 0x00007ffff74cebbd in __libc_start_main () from /lib/libc.so.6
#39 0x00000000004008c9 in _start ()

     ___________________________
____/   try 4 Qt4Agg + q4thread \_____

With a ipython -pylab -q4thread 
everything seems to work except the autoindent feature


     ___________________
____/   try 5 python -i \_____

with python -i no pb at all

phil@Numokh ~ % python -i
Python 2.7.1 (r271:86832, Feb  8 2011, 00:36:24) 
[GCC 4.4.4] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> from pylab import *
>>> plot([4])  
[<matplotlib.lines.Line2D object at 0x17c0ed0>]
>>> show()
>>>   

     _____________________
____/   try 6 ipython git \_____

I tried with ipython from git 
phil@Numokh ipython % python ipython.py --pylab
Python 2.7.1 (r271:86832, Feb  8 2011, 00:36:24) 
Type "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.

IPython 0.11.dev -- An enhanced Interactive Python.
?         -> Introduction and overview of IPython's features.
%quickref -> Quick reference.
help      -> Python's own help system.
object?   -> Details about 'object', use 'object??' for extra details.

Welcome to pylab, a matplotlib-based Python environment [backend:
Qt4Agg]. For more information, type 'help(pylab)'.

In [1]: plot([4])
Out[1]: [<matplotlib.lines.Line2D object at 0x1f8e5d0>]

but in this case I have issues with unicode pb ...
In [2]: xlabel('température')
UnicodeEncodeError: 'ascii' codec can't encode character u'\xe9' in
position 12: ordinal not in range(128) 


     _________
____/   specs \_____

here is my python package :
- dev-lang/python-2.7.1
- dev-python/numpy-1.5.1
- sci-libs/scipy-0.8.1
- dev-python/matplotlib-1.0.1 (with the USEFLAGS cairo examples excel
  gtk latex qt4 tk traits wxwidgets -doc -fltk)
- dev-python/ipython-0.10.1 (with the USEFLAGS doc examples readline
  smp wxwidgets -emacs -gnuplot -test)


At this point I'm lost !!! any idea 

Philippe Baucour


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