The bars on the level indicator during record may depend on where the level is being 
monitored, before or after sample-
rate-conversion.  Resampling can lead to slight differences in peak level.  Of course, 
during playback, the deck is metering 
the signal that was resampled during recording.  The red 'over' indicator, in many 
decks, only operates during record.   
Since 'over' literally means that the signal is to large to be expressed digitally, 
most over indicators infer an over condition 
when  there is more than one consecutive sample at the maximum value.  Professional 
digital level meters allow the 
operator to set the number consecutive samples.  Sony often recommends 3.  The over 
indicator is often disabled during 
playback.

One side issue:  I believe that the sample-rate-converter in most decks is 
non-defeatable.  That is, even if a digital input 
signal at 44.1K is applied, it will be resampled to the deck's (slightly different) 
44.1K clock.  There seems to be no "lock" 
window and/or setup option for allowing the deck's internal clock to lock to an 
external signal.

During record, the level indicator on my JE520 monitors the signal after digital gain 
adjustment.  (This is presumably also 
after sample rate conversion.)  While the playback indication generally matches the 
record fairly well, there is the potential 
for a *big* problem when recording from the analog input.  If a negative digital gain 
adjustment is a applied, it is possible for 
the A/D converters to clip severely without generating an 'over'.  As a matter of 
fact, it's impossible to generate an over or 
even to get full recording level, regardless of how high the analog input signal is.  
For this reason, I suggest NEVER SET 
THE DIGITAL RECORD GAIN TO A NEGATIVE VALUE under normal circumstances.

In summary, the 'over' indicator and the level indicator, during record,  generally 
show the audio level that's being applied to 
the ATRAC encoder to be recorded.  Due to other DSP (sample rate conversion, gain 
asjustment, etc), earlier parts of the 
system may clip without obvious indication!  But this should cause the playback 
indication to agree well with the record 
indication.


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