MS was notorious for rather poor code, on the whole.  Excel was their first 
best-in-class
product, if I recall.  It came along rather late.  MS specialized in 'good 
enough', but quickly,
and high priced.

Get there first, don't (quite) get thrown out the door due to shoddy 
workmanship, and sweep
up all the easy money, leaving somewhat sterile ground for your competition to 
grow in.
That's MS's forte.

> I never did understand how using programming space to write the complex 
> operations of CISC processors was any faster by using a RISC  system, unless 
> the CISC chip was from Intel and took half an hour to change stacks or 
> something.  Off-loading the complex operations onto the programmer is going 
> to cause more trouble (and errors) than complex instructions executed in 
> hardware on the chip, especially task switching.

RISC was _all_ about putting the smarts in the compiler, and not in the 
hardware.  By making the hardware
simpler it could be made faster.  The theory was that it was more faster than 
the more instructions it took
to get there.  It was easier at the time to scale RAM for greater density than 
to scale hardware for greater
speed.  It was not a wrong decision.  Programs got a bit fatter, but what 
_really_ bloated things up was
all the A/V code that was showing up at around the same time.  That effect 
completely swamped RISC bloat.

The only thing keeping it real, so to speak, is battery-operated equipment.  
Apple's choice of the ARM
for the Newton was all about the MIPS/mW rating of the ARM, which kicked 
everything else's ass.

-- Jim


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