Calling vmd_mod_extract after optparse causes the implicit
stdin-as-input functionality to fail, as the implicit stdin
requires a lack of inputs remaining in argv after option
parsing (along with a regular file or pipe as stdin).

This allows commands such as `lei import -F eml +kw:seen'
to work without `--stdin', `-' or any path names when
importing a single message.  This also ensures commands like
`lei import +kw:seen' without any inputs/locations will fail
reliably, as the extra +kw: arg won't be a false-positive.
---
  I noticed this while attempting to write a test for
  speeding up non-thread queries:
  https://public-inbox.org/meta/20231002145807.2665296-...@80x24.org/

 lib/PublicInbox/LEI.pm         | 18 +++++++++++++-----
 lib/PublicInbox/LeiAddWatch.pm |  4 +---
 lib/PublicInbox/LeiImport.pm   |  4 +---
 lib/PublicInbox/LeiInput.pm    | 11 +++++------
 lib/PublicInbox/LeiTag.pm      |  7 ++-----
 t/lei-import.t                 | 12 ++++++++++++
 6 files changed, 34 insertions(+), 22 deletions(-)

diff --git a/lib/PublicInbox/LEI.pm b/lib/PublicInbox/LEI.pm
index 06bc7ebd..817772f7 100644
--- a/lib/PublicInbox/LEI.pm
+++ b/lib/PublicInbox/LEI.pm
@@ -234,7 +234,7 @@ our %CMD = ( # sorted in order of importance/use:
 'plonk' => [ '--threads|--from=IDENT',
        'exclude mail matching From: or threads from non-Message-ID searches',
        qw(stdin| threads|t from|f=s mid=s oid=s), @c_opt ],
-'tag' => [ 'KEYWORDS...',
+'tag' => [ 'KEYWORDS... LOCATION...|--stdin',
        'set/unset keywords and/or labels on message(s)',
        qw(stdin| in-format|F=s input|i=s@ oid=s@ mid=s@),
        @net_opt, @c_opt, pass_through('-kw:foo for delete') ],
@@ -243,7 +243,8 @@ our %CMD = ( # sorted in order of importance/use:
        'remove imported messages from IMAP, Maildirs, and MH',
        qw(exact! all jobs:i indexed), @c_opt ],
 
-'add-watch' => [ 'LOCATION...', 'watch for new messages and flag changes',
+'add-watch' => [ 'LOCATION... [LABELS...]',
+       'watch for new messages and flag changes',
        qw(poll-interval=s state=s recursive|r), @c_opt ],
 'rm-watch' => [ 'LOCATION...', 'remove specified watch(es)',
        qw(recursive|r), @c_opt ],
@@ -260,7 +261,7 @@ our %CMD = ( # sorted in order of importance/use:
        qw(in-format|F=s kw! offset=i recursive|r exclude=s include|I=s
        verbose|v+ incremental!), @net_opt, # mainly for --proxy=
         @c_opt ],
-'import' => [ 'LOCATION...|--stdin',
+'import' => [ 'LOCATION...|--stdin [LABELS...]',
        'one-time import/update from URL or filesystem',
        qw(stdin| offset=i recursive|r exclude=s include|I=s new-only
        lock=s@ in-format|F=s kw! verbose|v+ incremental! mail-sync!),
@@ -711,6 +712,14 @@ sub optparse ($$$) {
        # "-" aliases "stdin" or "clear"
        $OPT->{$lone_dash} = ${$OPT->{$lone_dash}} if defined $lone_dash;
 
+       if ($proto =~ s/\s*\[?(?:KEYWORDS|LABELS)\.\.\.\]?\s*//g) {
+               require PublicInbox::LeiInput;
+               my @err = PublicInbox::LeiInput::vmd_mod_extract($self, $argv);
+               return $self->fail(join("\n", @err)) if @err;
+       } else {
+               warn "proto $proto\n" if $cmd =~ /(add-watch|tag|index)/;
+       }
+
        my $i = 0;
        my $POS_ARG = '[A-Z][A-Z0-9_]+';
        my ($err, $inf);
@@ -741,8 +750,7 @@ sub optparse ($$$) {
                                                         -f _) && -r _) {
                                                $OPT->{stdin} //= 1;
                                        }
-                                       $ok = defined($OPT->{$sw});
-                                       last if $ok;
+                                       $ok = defined($OPT->{$sw}) and last;
                                } elsif (defined($argv->[$i])) {
                                        $ok = 1;
                                        $i++;
diff --git a/lib/PublicInbox/LeiAddWatch.pm b/lib/PublicInbox/LeiAddWatch.pm
index f61e2de4..e2be5cee 100644
--- a/lib/PublicInbox/LeiAddWatch.pm
+++ b/lib/PublicInbox/LeiAddWatch.pm
@@ -15,11 +15,9 @@ sub lei_add_watch {
        my $state = $lei->{opt}->{'state'} // 'import-rw';
        $lei->watch_state_ok($state) or
                return $lei->fail("invalid state: $state");
-       my $vmd_mod = $self->vmd_mod_extract(\@argv);
-       return $lei->fail(join("\n", @{$vmd_mod->{err}})) if $vmd_mod->{err};
        $self->prepare_inputs($lei, \@argv) or return;
        my @vmd;
-       while (my ($type, $vals) = each %$vmd_mod) {
+       while (my ($type, $vals) = each %{$lei->{vmd_mod}}) {
                push @vmd, "$type:$_" for @$vals;
        }
        my $vmd0 = shift @vmd;
diff --git a/lib/PublicInbox/LeiImport.pm b/lib/PublicInbox/LeiImport.pm
index a324a652..c2552bf0 100644
--- a/lib/PublicInbox/LeiImport.pm
+++ b/lib/PublicInbox/LeiImport.pm
@@ -71,9 +71,7 @@ sub do_import_index ($$@) {
        my $sto = $lei->_lei_store(1);
        $sto->write_prepare($lei);
        $self->{-import_kw} = $lei->{opt}->{kw} // 1;
-       my $vmd_mod = $self->vmd_mod_extract(\@inputs);
-       return $lei->fail(join("\n", @{$vmd_mod->{err}})) if $vmd_mod->{err};
-       $self->{all_vmd} = $vmd_mod if scalar keys %$vmd_mod;
+       $self->{all_vmd} = $lei->{vmd_mod} if keys %{$lei->{vmd_mod}};
        $lei->ale; # initialize for workers to read (before LeiPmdir->new)
        $self->{-mail_sync} = $lei->{opt}->{'mail-sync'} // 1;
        $self->prepare_inputs($lei, \@inputs) or return;
diff --git a/lib/PublicInbox/LeiInput.pm b/lib/PublicInbox/LeiInput.pm
index 58069b0a..91383265 100644
--- a/lib/PublicInbox/LeiInput.pm
+++ b/lib/PublicInbox/LeiInput.pm
@@ -491,23 +491,22 @@ sub input_only_net_merge_all_done {
 # for update_xvmd -> update_vmd
 # returns something like { "+L" => [ @Labels ], ... }
 sub vmd_mod_extract {
-       my $argv = $_[-1];
-       my $vmd_mod = {};
-       my @new_argv;
+       my ($lei, $argv) = @_;
+       my (@new_argv, @err);
        for my $x (@$argv) {
                if ($x =~ /\A(\+|\-)(kw|L):(.+)\z/) {
                        my ($op, $pfx, $val) = ($1, $2, $3);
                        if (my $err = $ERR{$pfx}->($val)) {
-                               push @{$vmd_mod->{err}}, $err;
+                               push @err, $err;
                        } else { # set "+kw", "+L", "-L", "-kw"
-                               push @{$vmd_mod->{$op.$pfx}}, $val;
+                               push @{$lei->{vmd_mod}->{$op.$pfx}}, $val;
                        }
                } else {
                        push @new_argv, $x;
                }
        }
        @$argv = @new_argv;
-       $vmd_mod;
+       @err;
 }
 
 1;
diff --git a/lib/PublicInbox/LeiTag.pm b/lib/PublicInbox/LeiTag.pm
index 8ce96a10..76bd2d70 100644
--- a/lib/PublicInbox/LeiTag.pm
+++ b/lib/PublicInbox/LeiTag.pm
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ sub input_eml_cb { # used by PublicInbox::LeiInput::input_fh
        if (my $xoids = $self->{lse}->xoids_for($eml) // # tries LeiMailSync
                        $self->{lei}->{ale}->xoids_for($eml)) {
                $self->{lei}->{sto}->wq_do('update_xvmd', $xoids, $eml,
-                                               $self->{vmd_mod});
+                                               $self->{lei}->{vmd_mod});
        } else {
                ++$self->{unimported};
        }
@@ -31,11 +31,8 @@ sub lei_tag { # the "lei tag" method
        my $sto = $lei->_lei_store(1)->write_prepare($lei);
        my $self = bless {}, __PACKAGE__;
        $lei->ale; # refresh and prepare
-       my $vmd_mod = $self->vmd_mod_extract(\@argv);
-       return $lei->fail(join("\n", @{$vmd_mod->{err}})) if $vmd_mod->{err};
-       $self->{vmd_mod} = $vmd_mod; # before LeiPmdir->new in prepare_inputs
        $self->prepare_inputs($lei, \@argv) or return;
-       grep(defined, @$vmd_mod{qw(+kw +L -L -kw)}) or
+       grep(defined, @{$lei->{vmd_mod}}{qw(+kw +L -L -kw)}) or
                return $lei->fail('no keywords or labels specified');
        $lei->{-err_type} = 'non-fatal';
        $lei->wq1_start($self);
diff --git a/t/lei-import.t b/t/lei-import.t
index c9e668a3..30d8b531 100644
--- a/t/lei-import.t
+++ b/t/lei-import.t
@@ -126,6 +126,18 @@ $res = json_utf8->decode($lei_out);
 is_deeply($res->[0]->{kw}, [qw(answered seen)], 'keyword added');
 is_deeply($res->[0]->{L}, [qw(boombox inbox)], 'labels preserved');
 
+# +kw:seen is not a location
+ok(!lei(qw(import -F eml +kw:seen)), 'import fails w/ only kw arg');
+like($lei_err, qr/\bLOCATION\.\.\. or --stdin must be set/, 'error message');
+
+lei_ok([qw(import -F eml +kw:flagged)], # no lone dash (`-')
+       undef, { %$lei_opt, 0 => \$eml_str },
+       'import succeeds with implicit --stdin');
+lei_ok(qw(q m:in...@example.com));
+$res = json_utf8->decode($lei_out);
+is_deeply($res->[0]->{kw}, [qw(answered flagged seen)], 'keyword added');
+is_deeply($res->[0]->{L}, [qw(boombox inbox)], 'labels preserved');
+
 # see t/lei_to_mail.t for "import -F mbox*"
 });
 done_testing;

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