Facinating.  I shall print out your recipe, and later, one day, try it.

AlanaS.

Rick Nowak wrote:

> How to make a Kitchen Comet
> 
> You can make an accurate model of a comet nucleus
> easily and inexpensively.  Unfortunately it is
> difficult to do neatly.
> Here is what you need:
> 
> 1.    Five pounds of dry ice. You can get this from ice
> companies or ice cream parlors. CAUTION:  Dry ice is
> -79 degrees C (-110 degrees F). Any more than a brief
> exposure will cause 'burns". Be careful when handling
> it. 
> 2.    Water:  Around half a gallon in a pitcher. 
> 
> 3.    Ammonia: A few drops or sprays of window     
> cleaner. 
> 
> 4.    Dirt: Fine grained, about one handful. 
> 
> 5.    Corn Starch or Worcester Sauce: Just a couple of
> pinches or drops. 
> 
> 6.    Trash Bags: Two large bags. 
> 
> 7.    Large Bowl or Small Pot 
> 
> 8.    Water Proof Gloves: The better insulated the warmer
> your hands will remain. 
> 
> 9.    Cloth Towel. 
> 
> 10.   Paper Towels: One small roll is plenty. 
> 
> 11.   Hammer. 
> 
> 12.   Mixing Spoon or Stick. 
> These ingredients are either actual components or
> handy analogous ones.  The dry ice is frozen carbon
> dioxide.  Water, ammonia, organic (carbon based)
> molecules, and silicates are all present on comet
> nuclei.  They have been identified through spectral
> measurements of comet tails and the collection of tiny
> ice particles by very high flying  research aircraft.
> Here is the Recipe:
> Line the bowl with a trash bag.  Place the other trash
> bag on the floor. Pour about a pint of water into the
> bow.  Add the corn starch or Worcester sauce, ammonia,
> and some of the dirt. Mix a bit.
> Put on the cloves.  Wrap the dry ice in CLOTH towel. 
> Place it over the trash bag on the floor.  Use the
> hammer to grind up the dry ice into a powder. 
> Gradually poor the dry ice powder into the water,
> mixing as you poor.  There will be lots of vapor
> formed.  The dry ice, water and other ingredients
> should form a thickening slush.  Keep stirring for a
> few seconds as it thickens.
> Now, using the trash bag to lift the slush away from
> the sides of the bowl, use your gloved hands to pack
> the slush into a ball.  Keep packing and forming until
> the ball solidifies as a big lump.
> Peel back the trash bag.  Scatter some more dirt over
> the lump.  Pour some of the remaining water over the
> lump, turning as you do so, so that a layer of water
> ice forms over the entire lump.
> Observe the behavior of your miniature comet nucleus. 
> It can be handled without gloves if the water ice
> coating is intact.  If a spot feels sticky, pour water
> on the spot. It hisses and pops as carbon dioxide
> sublimes (goes from the solid state directly into a
> gas) and forces its way through weak spots in the
> water ice crust.  On real nuclei this results in
> slight jetting forces that can cause the nucleus to
> spin, slightly alter its orbit, or spit apart (or
> "calve").
> Note: Get about three or four pound of dry ice for
> each nucleus you plan to make.  You can purchase it
> the afternoon or evening prior to the demonstration
> and store it in a freezer or ice chest.  Place an inch
> or so of newspaper below the cry ice to prevent
> cracking to the surface on which it rests.  Try the
> demonstration first to an idea of the correct amounts
> of water to use.
> It's fun, it's a mess, and it's one of the most
> memorable and scientifically accurate demonstrations
> in astronomy!
> 
> 
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