Willy: You should not be writing a preliminary report for a hydro-electric project.
You should instead be writing a preliminary report for a Power System. In it, you can identify that you have industry loads of about 1000kW and an undetermined amount of rural electric needs. You can also say that there is a hydro-electric resource that is preliminarily estimated as being in the 1000-1500kW range. The site survey that has been mentioned several times has nothing to do with surveying instruments. It is the overall look at the how much load, the nature of that load, and how much of that load can be supported by the hydro resource. Where the dam/penstock/powerhouse can be sited, etc. Size and numbers of generators, what type of turbines, spares, etc. Future growth/expansion possibilities. The end product of this site survey will be a report that will answer all of the questions that you are now asking. It will also answer a lot of equally important questions that you have not asked, or even thought of. It may also include some alternatives, to do a better job, save money, etc. It was already pointed out that you may need 30 percent more power due to Power Factor, transmission distances, etc. Another critical item is starting surges. Depending on the industry and the size of the motors used, you may need some other type of generation paralleled to it, to support the starting surges. Otherwise, you risk some periods of severe undervoltage. This may damage other sensitive equipment. The biggest risk (worst case) is that the starting surges could knock the hydro plant off-line. (I've done that, it is not fun) The route that you are taking, where you have 1)mis-identified the project 2) are concentrating only on the biggest piece 3) attempting to over specify what that biggest piece consists of, generally results in total project failure. The best you can hope for is a mediocre project. Answering your additional questions is not "helping you" with the project. It is helping YOU, set the project up to FAIL. The Minister of Energy, should either provide you with A) persons that are capable of doing the site survey report, or B) provide you with the funding to get it done. Oso --- In [email protected], Willy Mwamba <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > Dear Nando, > Dear Dimitar Partenov, > Dear Carlos, > Dear all, > > Thank you very much for your feedback. It is clear that the project is complex and huge. It requires a complete study by a team of specialists. My group is presently in a process of writing a preliminary report that the Ministry of Energy of the Democratic Replubic of Congo will use to convince some financial donors to finance the project. Your contribution is and will be appreciated in that it will help us prepare this preliminary report. > Bear with me. I still have plenty of questions to ask but let me do it by steps. > > Nando suggested a Francis turbine and a penstock of 1 meter diameter. > Dimitar suggested a Kaplan or a propeler turbine with siphon intake and a penstock of 1.2 m. > Carlos suggested instead an axial "S" type turbine. > I did a bit of search on turbines and indeed all these turbines types fall in the category of turbines that can be use for this head and flow ( H: 15m, Q: 10m�). I know that through your experience you have reasons behind your selection. > I want to know the advantages and desadvantages of using the type of selected turbines. > Since I want to have a spare unit also installed. Will it be cheaper to have only one big turbine and a spare turbine or 2 running smaller turbines and a spare one? > > To run all the industrial machineries that are planned to be installed, almost 1MW of power will be needed. That is the reason why the selection of turbines and generators must be so as to give at the other end a 1MW power. > > Thank again for your willing to help > > Willy L. Mwamba > [EMAIL PROTECTED] > > > --------------------------------- > D�couvrez le nouveau Yahoo! Mail : 1 Go d'espace de stockage pour vos mails, photos et vid�os ! > Cr�ez votre Yahoo! Mail > > [Non-text portions of this message have been removed] ------------------------ Yahoo! Groups Sponsor --------------------~--> What would our lives be like without music, dance, and theater? Donate or volunteer in the arts today at Network for Good! http://us.click.yahoo.com/TzSHvD/SOnJAA/79vVAA/FGYolB/TM --------------------------------------------------------------------~-> Does your company feature in the microhydro business directory at http://microhydropower.net/directory ? If not, please register free of charge and be exposed to the microhydro community world wide! 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