You don't need an FPGA for accurate timing resolution -- any microcontroller 
can do this. Even an Arduino can give you ~ microsecond resolution. You just 
need to stay away from multi-threaded operating systems; Linux is not a 
real-time OS.

> On Aug 13, 2016, at 09:15, Theo Verelst <theo...@theover.org> wrote:
> 
> Hi all,
> 
> This is one of those things I've been toying in thought about lately (again): 
> everything on PCs and probably phones and pads as well that does 
> input/output, be it in the family of proper thread management or actual 
> devices like Midi and Audio interfaces (and certainly over networks as well), 
> has weak timing accuracy associated with it.
> 
> When software that does digital signal processing includes musical synthesis, 
> unless it is an off-line music reader (like Midi files), gets Midi-like note 
> and control messages, the DSP needs to follow real time messages, and the 
> current timing accuracy can be limited. For a class of applications where at 
> least you would want sample accurate control messages, buffering for 
> efficient pipeline and cache use dictates some form of delay control, which 
> IMHO should be such that from Midi event to note coming out of the DAC, there 
> is always a accurately fixed delay.
> 
> Timing midi messages isn't yet necessarily very accurate, for instance here 
> is some Linux info:
> 
> http://wiki.linuxaudio.org/faq/start?redirect=1#qwhat_is_the_difference_between_jack-midi_and_alsa-midi
> 
> That has also to do with most devices using buffering a a low machine level, 
> and thread switching isn't going to be brilliantly fast and instantaneous all 
> by itself, either. So I though it might be a good idea to time stamp Midi 
> messages with an Fpga (I use a Xilinx Zynq), and built in some form of timing 
> scheduler in the FPGA to help the kernel. I'm not talking about a hardware 
> Linux "select()" call as kernel accellerator or single sample delay Fpga DSP, 
> or upgrading to dozens of Fpga pins at a hundred times Midi clock rate doing 
> clock edge-accurate timing, but an intersting beginning point for the next 
> generation of accurate DSP software and interfaces.
> 
> If you have ideas or facts to mention about such projects, please respond.
> 
> T.V.
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