I am not an expert. But successfully completed 2 modules of Struts code. It was a pleasure to see how beautifully things fall in place. 1.Navigation did not have to consider the form bean (as long as we keep track of the Model / object(s)) 2.One action per form - (at a time :yes). But i have multiple buttons on the page. Each one maps to one action. We could use any recommendation / sample only as a guideline. Individual's situation may require a variation of design. Would not be fair to blame the sample or best practice if that does not suit 100% of our requirements. Vic and Rick need a small break? :) Santhi _______________________________________________ MVC-Programmers mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://www.basebeans.net:8080/mailman/listinfo/mvc-programmers