Review of Prisoners of Reason: Game Theory and Neoliberal Political Economy 
by S. M. Amadae

Prisoners of Reason: Game Theory and Neoliberal Political Economy is a book 
by S. M. Amadae, a professor of political science at Ohio State University 
and a research fellow at the Academy of Finland. The book, published by 
Cambridge University Press in 2016, offers a critical analysis of the role 
of game theory in shaping the neoliberal worldview and its implications for 
global politics and economics.

Game theory is a branch of mathematics that studies strategic interactions 
among rational agents who pursue their own interests. It has been widely 
applied to various fields such as economics, political science, biology, 
psychology, and philosophy. Amadae argues that game theory has been 
instrumental in promoting a neoliberal vision of society that assumes that 
individuals are self-interested, rational, and atomistic, and that markets 
are the best mechanism for coordinating social outcomes. She traces the 
origins of this vision to the Cold War era, when game theorists such as 
John von Neumann, Oskar Morgenstern, John Nash, and Thomas Schelling 
developed models of nuclear deterrence, bargaining, and cooperation that 
influenced US foreign policy and military strategy.
Prisoners Of Reason: Game Theory And Neoliberal Political Economy Book Pdf

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Amadae contends that game theory has also shaped the neoliberal political 
economy that emerged in the late 20th century, which advocates for free 
markets, deregulation, privatization, and minimal state intervention. She 
shows how game theorists such as Kenneth Arrow, James Buchanan, Ronald 
Coase, Mancur Olson, and Elinor Ostrom contributed to the development of 
public choice theory, social choice theory, law and economics, collective 
action theory, and institutional analysis that challenged the Keynesian 
welfare state and supported the rise of market fundamentalism. She also 
examines how game theory has influenced the fields of evolutionary biology 
and behavioral economics, which attempt to explain human behavior and 
social preferences in terms of evolutionary adaptation and cognitive biases.

Amadae criticizes game theory for its methodological individualism, 
rational choice assumption, formalism, and ahistoricism. She argues that 
game theory fails to account for the social, cultural, moral, and political 
dimensions of human agency and interaction. She also challenges the 
normative implications of game theory, which justify inequality, 
exploitation, domination, and violence as rational outcomes of strategic 
behavior. She calls for a more pluralistic and democratic approach to 
social inquiry that recognizes the diversity of human values and interests, 
the complexity of social structures and institutions, and the possibility 
of collective action and cooperation for social change.

Prisoners of Reason: Game Theory and Neoliberal Political Economy is a 
comprehensive and provocative critique of game theory and its impact on 
contemporary society. It is an essential read for anyone interested in the 
history and philosophy of game theory, the political economy of 
neoliberalism, and the prospects for global justice.
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