100% agreed. Arthur
The other exception is also where financial data is being stored. If you > have, say, a database containing sales order records, then as well as > storing the individual values of each item in each order, you also need to > store the total value of the order, the total price charged to the customer > and the total paid by the customer. These three should, of course, be not > only identical to each other but also to the sum of the individual items, so > there is not only duplication but the potential for skew. But that, of > course, is precisely *why* you store them, as any discrepancy indicates an > error which needs to be investigated. > > Mark >