Our table (traffic_boats, InnoDB) has three columns of interest:
day INT yearmonth INT stem_base VARCHAR(100)
There is an index on day, an index on yearmonth, an index on stem_base, an index on (day, yearmonth), an index on (day, yearmonth and stem_base). I added the last two today to try to fix the performance issues we are having.
A typical query would like like,
SELECT * FROM traffic_boats WHERE stem_base = 'xxxx' AND yearmonth = 200407 AND day >= 07 AND day <= 27;
An explain-plan shows that the optimizer is picking the index on stem_base. It *should* be picking the composite index on (day, yearmonth and stembase). The greater-than-less-than is throwing it off. I can add a "USE INDEX" to force it to use the index I want it to, but that's a little hokey (and it gives me flashbacks to the days that I managed one of those commercial-RDBMS where tuning was a nightmare).
I've tried "analyze table" and "optimize table" (it's InnoDB) without luck.
What's really weird is that optimizer comes up with a bad count of rows to be examined.
If I let the optimizer pick the index,
mysql> explain SELECT * FROM traffic_boats WHERE stem_base = 'xxxx' AND yearmonth = 200407 AND day >= 07 AND day <= 27;
+---------------+------+-----------------------------------------------------+----------+---------+-------+-------+-------------+
| table | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | Extra |
+---------------+------+-----------------------------------------------------+----------+---------+-------+-------+-------------+
| traffic_boats | ref | idx_yearmonth,idx_day,idx_stem,ymd_stem_idx,ymd_idx | idx_stem | 100 | const | 42600 | Using where |
+---------------+------+-----------------------------------------------------+----------+---------+-------+-------+-------------+
1 row in set (0.02 sec)
It thinks it needs to examine 42600 rows.
If I force the correct index,
mysql> explain SELECT * FROM traffic_boats USE INDEX (ymd_stem_idx) WHERE stem_base = 'xxxx' AND yearmonth = 200407 AND day >= 07 AND day <= 27;
+---------------+-------+---------------+--------------+---------+------+---------+-------------+
| table | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | Extra |
+---------------+-------+---------------+--------------+---------+------+---------+-------------+
| traffic_boats | range | ymd_stem_idx | ymd_stem_idx | 108 | NULL | 4019400 | Using where |
+---------------+-------+---------------+--------------+---------+------+---------+-------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
It thinks it needs to examine 4,019,400 rows.
If I ran this query without the USE INDEX it would take a few minutes. If I force the index, it takes 20 seconds. You would think that using stem_base, day and yearmonth would be much more selective than using just stem_base.
Anyone got some insight into this?
David
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