Oh, it brings such blessed relief and
now scientists can tell you why -- scratching an itch
temporarily shuts off areas in the brain linked with unpleasant
feelings and memories.                        
                        

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"Our study shows for the first time how scratching may
relieve itch," Dr. Gil Yosipovitch, a dermatologist at Wake
Forest University Baptist Medical Center in Winston-Salem,
North Carolina, said in a statement.

Prior studies have shown that pain, including vigorous
scratching, inhibit the need to itch. Yosipovitch and
colleagues looked at what goes on in the brain when a person is
scratched.

He and colleagues used a technique known as functional
magnetic resonance imaging to see which areas of the brain are
active during scratching. They scratched 13 healthy people with
a soft brush on the lower leg on and off in 30-second intervals
for a total of five minutes.

Scratching reduced activity in the anterior cingulate
cortex and the posterior cingulate cortex -- areas linked with
pain aversion and memory.

And the more intensely a person was scratched, the less
activity they found in these areas of the brain.

"It's possible that scratching may suppress the emotional
components of itch and bring about relief," Yosipovitch said.

But they also found why one scratch often begets another.

Scratching increased activity in the secondary
somatosensory cortex, a pain center, and in the prefrontal
cortex, which is linked with compulsive behavior.

"This could explain the compulsion to continue scratching,"
Yosipovitch said.

The researchers noted that the study is limited because
people were not scratching in response to an actual itch.

But they said understanding what goes on in the brain may
lend clues about how to treat people tormented by chronic itch,
including people with eczema and many kidney dialysis patients.

The study, which appears online in the Journal of
Investigative Dermatology, was paid for by the National
Institutes of Health.

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