Human embryonic stem cells transformed into
insulin-producing cells when implanted into mice, possibly offering a
long-term way to treat diabetes, researchers  in the US reported on
Wednesday. 

Writing in the journal Nature Biotechnology,
researchers at Novocell Inc said their work showed that human embryonic
stem cells might fulfil the promise of treating, or perhaps even curing
diabetes.

“Our data provides evidence that human embryonic stem
cells can serve as a renewable source of insulin-producing cells for
diabetes therapies,” said Emmanuel Baetge, the chief scientific officer
of Novocell.

At least 170 million people globally have diabetes.
In the disease, the body cannot use insulin properly or make enough of
it to regulate glucose in the blood. Patients must monitor their blood
sugar and often must take insulin as needed.

One hope is to use embryonic stem cell technology to create insulin-producing 
cells. 

Embryonic
stem cells are master cells, producing all the other cells and tissues
in the body. They can live virtually forever in lab dishes, producing
generations of new cells.

Novocell used embryos discarded from fertility clinics. 

The
team used hormone-producing stem cells (endocrine). But each cell
produced a mishmash of hormones, instead of specialising into
insulin-producing cells.

So they took a step back, and implanted immature cells into mice, under the 
skin and in other areas.

“Something
in the mouse directed the cells to mature properly; producing and
releasing insulin in response to glucose,” Baetge said.

He says his company also has technology to encapsulate cells, protecting them 
from the immune system rejection response. 

He hopes that would mean patients could use donations of stem cells from other 
people without taking immune-suppressing drugs.

The company is now looking for a large pharmaceutical company to partner with 
for further development.  
 
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