Forty-Fold Increase in Bipolar Disorder Diagnosis in Children over Last Decade 
 The diagnosis of children with bipolar disorder increased 40-fold in the time 
period between 1994 and 2003, a new study published in the Archives of General 
Psychiatry has revealed.Bipolar disorder, formerly known as manic depression, 
is a term applied to a condition in adults in which a person swings between 
severe manic highs -- characterized by high energy, little sleep, and frenetic 
activity -- and depressive lows, characterized by not only negative emotions 
such as sadness, anger and guilt, but alsoby disrupted sleep and eating 
patterns, irritability, chronic pain and even suicidal thoughts. Diagnosis of 
children with the disorder was very rare until the mid-1990s, when a number of 
psychiatrists began to promote the view that the symptoms of the disorder 
manifest differently in children.According to this school of thought, bipolar 
children cycle between highs and lows much more rapidly than adults, and in 
them the disorder is characterized by frequent irritability and 
rage.This change in perspective led the diagnosis of children to increase from 
20,000 to 800,000 between 1993 and 2004, with the proportion of children 
diagnosed as bipolar jumping to 1,003 per 100,000, or more than 1 percent (the 
rate in adults, over the same period, nearly doubled to 1,069 per 100,000). 
Skeptics, however, claim the numbers reveal a system of scientific fraud. "This 
rapid increase in diagnosis of bipolar disorder can only be explained by either 
a runaway epidemic infection or a medical fraud that seeks to label children as 
'diseased' in order to sell them more drugs," said consumer health advocate 
Mike Adams.According the new study, nine of 10 children diagnosed as bipolar 
are treated with at least one medication, and two-thirds of them are treated 
with two or more drugs. These drugs create profitable, reliable revenue streams 
for drug companies.The data for the study were taken from annual government 
surveys of doctors.The skyrocketing rate of childhood 
diagnosis has many people arguing over whether bipolar disorder was previously 
under diagnosed, or whether psychiatrists are now over diagnosing it."There's 
no question that there is misdiagnosis going on,'' said Gary Sachs, director of 
the bipolar and mood disorders programat Massachusetts General Hospital in 
Boston. "You can dispute whether it's under- or overdiagnosis.'' Among the 
conditions in children that may easily be misdiagnosed as bipolar disorder are 
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, depression, schizophrenia and 
Tourette syndrome. Misdiagnosis, in turn, may lead to inappropriate use of 
drugs. "These children need better nutrition, not more drugs," said Mike Adams. 
"Furthermore, most of the drugs being used to treat these children have never 
been tested on children nor approved for use on children by the FDA."Group 
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