aminghadersohi commented on code in PR #44560:
URL: https://github.com/apache/superset/pull/44560#discussion_r4116952624


##########
superset/mcp_service/dashboard/tool/manage_dashboard_markdown.py:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,459 @@
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+
+"""
+MCP tool: manage_dashboard_markdown
+
+Adds, updates, and removes markdown/header/divider layout components on a
+dashboard by translating high-level operations into ``position_json`` tree
+edits. Analogous to ``manage_native_filters``, which does the same for the
+flat native-filter list in ``json_metadata`` — this tool exists so callers
+don't have to hand-build the full raw layout tree just to add a text tile
+or section header (see ``generate_dashboard``'s ``position_json`` docstring).
+"""
+
+import logging
+from typing import Any, Dict
+
+from fastmcp import Context
+from sqlalchemy.exc import SQLAlchemyError
+from superset_core.mcp.decorators import tool, ToolAnnotations
+
+from superset.extensions import db, event_logger
+from superset.mcp_service.dashboard.constants import generate_id, 
GRID_COLUMN_COUNT
+from superset.mcp_service.dashboard.layout_placement import (
+    _collect_available_tab_names,
+    _ensure_layout_structure,
+    _find_next_row_position,
+    _find_parent_key,
+    _find_tab_insert_target,
+    _remove_component_and_prune,
+)
+from superset.mcp_service.dashboard.layout_validation import (
+    rebuild_parent_chains,
+    validate_dashboard_layout,
+)
+from superset.mcp_service.dashboard.schemas import (
+    DashboardComponentSummary,
+    DashboardComponentUpdateSpec,
+    HeaderComponentSpec,
+    ManageDashboardMarkdownRequest,
+    ManageDashboardMarkdownResponse,
+    MarkdownComponentSpec,
+    NewDashboardComponentSpec,
+)
+from superset.mcp_service.dashboard.tool.governance_utils import (
+    dashboard_url,
+    find_and_authorize_dashboard,
+)
+from superset.utils import json
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+# Maps the tool-facing discriminator to the position_json component type.
+_LAYOUT_TYPE_BY_COMPONENT_TYPE: dict[str, str] = {
+    "markdown": "MARKDOWN",
+    "header": "HEADER",
+    "divider": "DIVIDER",
+}
+_COMPONENT_TYPE_BY_LAYOUT_TYPE = {
+    v: k for k, v in _LAYOUT_TYPE_BY_COMPONENT_TYPE.items()
+}
+
+# HEADER and DIVIDER are full-width bands placed directly on GRID/TAB — ROW
+# does not accept them as children (see layout_validation._PARENT_MAX_DEPTH).
+# MARKDOWN composes with charts, so it is wrapped in its own new ROW instead.
+_ROW_WRAPPED_LAYOUT_TYPES = frozenset({"MARKDOWN"})
+
+
+class _ComponentOperationError(Exception):
+    """Raised internally when a component operation fails validation."""
+
+
+def _build_component_meta(spec: NewDashboardComponentSpec) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+    """Build the position_json ``meta`` object for a new component spec."""
+    if isinstance(spec, MarkdownComponentSpec):
+        return {"code": spec.code, "width": spec.width, "height": spec.height}
+    if isinstance(spec, HeaderComponentSpec):
+        return {
+            "text": spec.text,
+            "headerSize": spec.header_size,
+            "background": spec.background,
+        }
+    # DividerComponentSpec carries no content, only placement.
+    return {}
+
+
+def _resolve_target_container(layout: Dict[str, Any], target_tab: str | None) 
-> str:
+    """Return the GRID_ID or TAB component ID a new component should attach to.
+
+    Raises ``_ComponentOperationError`` when *target_tab* is specified but
+    does not match any tab, listing the available tabs (or noting there are
+    none) so the caller can retry unambiguously.
+    """
+    tab_target = _find_tab_insert_target(layout, target_tab=target_tab)
+
+    if target_tab is not None and tab_target is None:
+        available = _collect_available_tab_names(layout)
+        if available:
+            raise _ComponentOperationError(
+                f"Tab '{target_tab}' not found. Available tabs: {', 
'.join(available)}."
+            )
+        raise _ComponentOperationError(
+            "Dashboard has no tabs. Remove target_tab to add to the "
+            "default grid layout."
+        )
+
+    return tab_target if tab_target else "GRID_ID"
+
+
+def _add_component_to_layout(
+    layout: Dict[str, Any], spec: NewDashboardComponentSpec
+) -> str:
+    """Insert a new markdown/header/divider component into *layout*.
+
+    Returns the new component's ID. New nodes are linked with empty
+    ``parents`` — the caller rebuilds the whole tree's parent chains via
+    ``rebuild_parent_chains`` after all operations are applied.
+    """
+    parent_id = _resolve_target_container(layout, spec.target_tab)
+
+    layout_type = _LAYOUT_TYPE_BY_COMPONENT_TYPE[spec.component_type]
+    component_id = generate_id(layout_type)
+    while component_id in layout:
+        component_id = generate_id(layout_type)
+    layout[component_id] = {
+        "id": component_id,
+        "type": layout_type,
+        "children": [],
+        "meta": _build_component_meta(spec),
+        "parents": [],
+    }
+
+    if layout_type in _ROW_WRAPPED_LAYOUT_TYPES:
+        row_key = _find_next_row_position(layout)
+        layout[row_key] = {
+            "id": row_key,
+            "type": "ROW",
+            "children": [component_id],
+            "meta": {"background": "BACKGROUND_TRANSPARENT"},
+            "parents": [],
+        }
+        _ensure_layout_structure(layout, row_key, parent_id)
+    else:
+        _ensure_layout_structure(layout, component_id, parent_id)
+
+    return component_id
+
+
+def _apply_component_update(  # noqa: C901
+    spec: DashboardComponentUpdateSpec, node: Dict[str, Any], component_type: 
str
+) -> None:
+    """Merge *spec* into *node*'s meta in place.
+
+    Raises ``_ComponentOperationError`` when a field that only applies to a
+    different component type is set.
+    """
+    markdown_fields = ("code", "width", "height")
+    header_fields = ("text", "header_size", "background")
+
+    if component_type != "markdown":
+        if set_fields := [f for f in markdown_fields if getattr(spec, f) is 
not None]:
+            raise _ComponentOperationError(
+                f"Component '{spec.id}' has type '{component_type}'; fields "
+                f"{set_fields} only apply to markdown components."
+            )
+    if component_type != "header":
+        if set_fields := [f for f in header_fields if getattr(spec, f) is not 
None]:
+            raise _ComponentOperationError(
+                f"Component '{spec.id}' has type '{component_type}'; fields "
+                f"{set_fields} only apply to header components."
+            )
+
+    meta = dict(node.get("meta") or {})
+    if component_type == "markdown":
+        if spec.code is not None:
+            meta["code"] = spec.code
+        if spec.width is not None:
+            meta["width"] = spec.width
+        if spec.height is not None:
+            meta["height"] = spec.height
+    elif component_type == "header":
+        if spec.text is not None:
+            meta["text"] = spec.text
+        if spec.header_size is not None:
+            meta["headerSize"] = spec.header_size
+        if spec.background is not None:
+            meta["background"] = spec.background
+    node["meta"] = meta
+
+
+def _validate_markdown_width(
+    layout: Dict[str, Any], component_id: str, width: int
+) -> None:
+    """Reject a resize that exceeds the space left by the row's siblings."""
+    parent_id = _find_parent_key(layout, component_id)
+    parent = layout.get(parent_id) if parent_id is not None else None
+    if not parent or parent.get("type") != "ROW":
+        return
+    sibling_width = sum(
+        (layout[child_id].get("meta") or {}).get("width", 0)
+        for child_id in parent.get("children", [])
+        if child_id != component_id
+    )
+    if width > (available_width := max(0, GRID_COLUMN_COUNT - sibling_width)):
+        raise _ComponentOperationError(
+            f"Cannot resize component '{component_id}' to width {width}: "
+            f"available width in row '{parent_id}' is {available_width} 
columns."
+        )
+
+
+def _apply_updates(
+    layout: Dict[str, Any],
+    updates: list[DashboardComponentUpdateSpec],
+    existing_components: Dict[str, Dict[str, Any]],
+) -> list[str]:
+    """Apply every update spec in order; returns the updated component IDs."""
+    update_ids = [spec.id for spec in updates]
+    if duplicates := sorted({cid for cid in update_ids if 
update_ids.count(cid) > 1}):
+        raise _ComponentOperationError(
+            f"update contains duplicate component IDs: {duplicates}."
+        )
+
+    for spec in updates:
+        node = existing_components.get(spec.id)
+        if node is None:
+            raise _ComponentOperationError(
+                f"Cannot update component '{spec.id}': not a markdown/header/"
+                "divider component on this dashboard."
+            )
+        component_type = _COMPONENT_TYPE_BY_LAYOUT_TYPE[node["type"]]
+        if component_type == "markdown" and spec.width is not None:
+            _validate_markdown_width(layout, spec.id, spec.width)
+        _apply_component_update(spec, layout[spec.id], component_type)
+
+    return update_ids
+
+
+def _component_summaries(layout: Dict[str, Any]) -> 
list[DashboardComponentSummary]:
+    """Summarize every markdown/header/divider component currently in 
*layout*."""
+    return [
+        DashboardComponentSummary(
+            id=key,
+            component_type=_COMPONENT_TYPE_BY_LAYOUT_TYPE[node["type"]],
+            meta=node.get("meta") or {},
+        )
+        for key, node in layout.items()
+        if key != "HEADER_ID"
+        and isinstance(node, dict)
+        and node.get("type") in _COMPONENT_TYPE_BY_LAYOUT_TYPE
+    ]
+
+
+@tool(
+    tags=["mutate"],
+    class_permission_name="Dashboard",
+    method_permission_name="write",
+    annotations=ToolAnnotations(
+        title="Manage dashboard markdown/header/divider components",
+        readOnlyHint=False,
+        destructiveHint=True,
+        idempotentHint=False,
+        openWorldHint=False,
+    ),
+)
+def manage_dashboard_markdown(  # noqa: C901
+    request: ManageDashboardMarkdownRequest, ctx: Context
+) -> ManageDashboardMarkdownResponse:
+    """
+    Add, update, and remove markdown/header/divider layout components.
+
+    Companion to ``manage_native_filters``, but for the ``position_json``
+    layout tree instead of ``json_metadata``: no need to hand-craft the full
+    raw layout to add a text tile or section header. Markdown tiles are
+    placed in their own new row so they compose with existing chart rows;
+    headers and dividers are placed as full-width bands directly on the
+    target grid or tab (matching how the dashboard builder places them).
+
+    Component IDs are server-generated and returned in the response.
+    ``target_tab`` (add only) selects which tab a component lands in by
+    display name or ID; omit it for the first tab, or the grid without tabs.
+
+    Example::
+
+        manage_dashboard_markdown(request={
+            "dashboard_id": 42,
+            "add": [
+                {"component_type": "header", "text": "Sales"},
+                {"component_type": "markdown", "code": "**Updated daily**"},
+            ],
+        })
+    """
+    logger.info(
+        "Managing dashboard markdown components: dashboard_id=%s", 
request.dashboard_id
+    )
+
+    dashboard, auth_error = find_and_authorize_dashboard(
+        request.dashboard_id, ManageDashboardMarkdownResponse
+    )
+    if auth_error is not None:
+        return auth_error
+    assert dashboard is not None  # narrows for mypy
+
+    try:
+        with event_logger.log_context(
+            action="mcp.manage_dashboard_markdown.validation"
+        ):
+            try:
+                current_layout = json.loads(dashboard.position_json or "{}")
+            except (json.JSONDecodeError, TypeError):
+                return ManageDashboardMarkdownResponse(
+                    dashboard_id=request.dashboard_id,
+                    error=(
+                        f"Dashboard {request.dashboard_id} has a malformed "
+                        "layout (position_json could not be parsed); cannot "
+                        "safely modify it."
+                    ),
+                )
+            if not isinstance(current_layout, dict):
+                return ManageDashboardMarkdownResponse(
+                    dashboard_id=request.dashboard_id,
+                    error="Dashboard has a malformed layout: expected a JSON 
object.",
+                )
+            # Validate before traversing or pruning; do not repair corrupt 
trees
+            # by silently dropping nodes. Empty dashboards can be scaffolded.
+            chart_ids = [slc.id for slc in dashboard.slices]
+            if current_layout:
+                if error := validate_dashboard_layout(current_layout, 
chart_ids):
+                    return ManageDashboardMarkdownResponse(
+                        dashboard_id=request.dashboard_id,
+                        error=f"Dashboard has a malformed layout: {error}",
+                    )
+
+            existing_components = {
+                key: node
+                for key, node in current_layout.items()
+                if key != "HEADER_ID"
+                and isinstance(node, dict)
+                and node.get("type") in _COMPONENT_TYPE_BY_LAYOUT_TYPE
+            }
+
+            if unknown_removals := [
+                cid for cid in request.remove if cid not in existing_components
+            ]:
+                return ManageDashboardMarkdownResponse(
+                    dashboard_id=request.dashboard_id,
+                    error=(
+                        "Cannot remove components that are not markdown/"
+                        f"header/divider components on this dashboard: "
+                        f"{unknown_removals}."
+                    ),
+                )
+
+            removed_ids = set(request.remove)
+            if conflicts := sorted(
+                {spec.id for spec in request.update if spec.id in removed_ids}
+            ):
+                return ManageDashboardMarkdownResponse(
+                    dashboard_id=request.dashboard_id,
+                    error=(
+                        f"Components {conflicts} cannot be both updated and 
removed."
+                    ),
+                )
+
+            try:
+                # Validate resizes against siblings retained by this request.
+                for component_id in request.remove:
+                    _remove_component_and_prune(current_layout, component_id)
+
+                updated_ids = _apply_updates(
+                    current_layout, request.update, existing_components
+                )
+
+                added_ids = [
+                    _add_component_to_layout(current_layout, spec)
+                    for spec in request.add
+                ]
+            except _ComponentOperationError as exc:
+                return ManageDashboardMarkdownResponse(
+                    dashboard_id=request.dashboard_id, error=str(exc)
+                )
+
+            # New/updated nodes may carry empty or stale ``parents``; rebuild
+            # every reachable component's chain from the actual children
+            # edges so filter-scope derivation sees a correct tree. See
+            # superset.dashboards.filter_scope.get_chart_ids_in_scope.
+            current_layout = rebuild_parent_chains(current_layout)
+
+            if error := validate_dashboard_layout(current_layout, chart_ids):
+                return ManageDashboardMarkdownResponse(
+                    dashboard_id=request.dashboard_id,
+                    error=f"Resulting dashboard layout is invalid: {error}",
+                )
+
+        # Capture the receipt before committing. A failed refresh leaves ORM
+        # attributes expired, so reading them afterwards could mask a saved 
write.
+        result = ManageDashboardMarkdownResponse(
+            dashboard_id=dashboard.id,
+            dashboard_url=dashboard_url(dashboard),
+            added_component_ids=added_ids,
+            updated_component_ids=updated_ids,
+            removed_component_ids=list(request.remove),
+            components=_component_summaries(current_layout),
+        )
+        with 
event_logger.log_context(action="mcp.manage_dashboard_markdown.db_write"):
+            dashboard.position_json = json.dumps(current_layout)
+            db.session.commit()  # pylint: disable=consider-using-transaction

Review Comment:
   Reviewed against 2cb3e845442320e889bdbbea76b27ef05a9b287b: this is an 
existing concurrency limitation, not a regression specific to this tool. The 
equivalent MCP add-chart path reads position_json at 
superset/mcp_service/dashboard/tool/add_chart_to_existing_dashboard.py:289 and 
replaces it through UpdateDashboardCommand at :332-339; 
update_dashboard.py:199-208 assigns the complete layout and :370 commits 
without a lock/version predicate. Dashboard REST PUT 
(superset/dashboards/api.py:1149-1172) records old/new version metadata and 
emits an ETag but does not enforce If-Match; UpdateDashboardCommand 
(superset/commands/dashboard/update.py:88-119) uses DashboardDAO.update, whose 
generic implementation simply assigns attributes 
(superset/daos/base.py:547-553). No dashboard writer uses a reusable 
concurrency guard. The dataset-only raise_for_stale_write helper checks an HTTP 
request token, not an atomic layout read/write guard. Preventing these lost 
updates requires coordinated locking 
 or conditional versioned writes across the dashboard writers, rather than a 
tool-local check. Resolving without expanding this PR into that separate 
mechanism.



##########
superset/mcp_service/dashboard/schemas.py:
##########
@@ -2344,6 +2348,227 @@ class ManageNativeFiltersResponse(BaseModel):
     )
 
 
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# manage_dashboard_markdown schemas
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+class BaseNewDashboardComponentSpec(BaseModel):
+    """Common placement fields shared by all new markdown/header/divider 
specs."""
+
+    model_config = ConfigDict(extra="forbid")
+
+    target_tab: str | None = Field(
+        None,
+        description=(
+            "Tab to add the component to, matched by display name or "
+            "component ID (see get_dashboard_layout for available tabs). "
+            "Omit to use the first tab, or the grid if there are no tabs; "
+            "specify a target when the component should land in a "
+            "specific one rather than the first tab."
+        ),
+    )
+
+
+class MarkdownComponentSpec(BaseNewDashboardComponentSpec):
+    """Spec for a new markdown/text tile.
+
+    Placed in its own new row (a MARKDOWN component sits alongside charts,
+    not as a full-width band), so it composes with existing rows/charts on
+    the target grid or tab.
+    """
+
+    component_type: Literal["markdown"] = Field(
+        ..., description="Discriminator - must be 'markdown'"
+    )
+    code: str = Field(
+        ..., min_length=1, description="Markdown (and safe inline HTML) source"
+    )
+    width: int = Field(
+        GRID_DEFAULT_CHART_WIDTH,
+        ge=1,
+        le=GRID_COLUMN_COUNT,
+        description=(
+            f"Tile width in grid columns (1-{GRID_COLUMN_COUNT}, "
+            f"default {GRID_DEFAULT_CHART_WIDTH})"
+        ),
+    )
+    height: int = Field(
+        50,
+        ge=1,
+        description="Tile height in grid units (one unit is 8 pixels; default 
50)",
+    )
+
+
+class HeaderComponentSpec(BaseNewDashboardComponentSpec):
+    """Spec for a new section header band.
+
+    Placed directly on the target grid/tab (not inside a row) so it spans
+    the full dashboard width, matching how the dashboard builder places
+    dragged header components.
+    """
+
+    component_type: Literal["header"] = Field(
+        ..., description="Discriminator - must be 'header'"
+    )
+    text: str = Field(..., min_length=1, description="Header display text")
+    header_size: Literal["SMALL_HEADER", "MEDIUM_HEADER", "LARGE_HEADER"] = 
Field(
+        "MEDIUM_HEADER", description="Header text size"
+    )
+    background: Literal["BACKGROUND_TRANSPARENT", "BACKGROUND_WHITE"] = Field(
+        "BACKGROUND_TRANSPARENT", description="Header band background"
+    )
+
+    @field_validator("text")
+    @classmethod
+    def sanitize_text(cls, v: str) -> str:
+        """Sanitize header text to prevent XSS; it renders as plain title 
text."""
+        sanitized: str | None = sanitize_user_input(
+            v, "text", max_length=500, allow_empty=True
+        )
+        if not sanitized:
+            raise ValueError("text has no content left after sanitization.")
+        return sanitized
+
+
+class DividerComponentSpec(BaseNewDashboardComponentSpec):
+    """Spec for a new horizontal divider.
+
+    Placed directly on the target grid/tab (not inside a row), same as
+    ``HeaderComponentSpec``. Carries no content — only placement.
+    """
+
+    component_type: Literal["divider"] = Field(
+        ..., description="Discriminator - must be 'divider'"
+    )
+
+
+NewDashboardComponentSpec = Annotated[
+    MarkdownComponentSpec | HeaderComponentSpec | DividerComponentSpec,
+    Field(discriminator="component_type"),
+]
+
+
+class DashboardComponentUpdateSpec(BaseModel):
+    """Partial update for an existing markdown/header/divider component.
+
+    Only ``id`` is required; any other provided field is merged into the
+    existing component. Fields that only apply to one component type (e.g.
+    ``code`` for markdown, ``text``/``header_size`` for header) are rejected
+    when used against the wrong component type. A component's type cannot
+    be changed; remove and re-add instead.
+    """
+
+    model_config = ConfigDict(extra="forbid")
+
+    id: str = Field(..., min_length=1, description="ID of the component to 
update")
+    code: str | None = Field(
+        None, min_length=1, description="New markdown source (markdown only)"
+    )
+    width: int | None = Field(
+        None,
+        ge=1,
+        le=GRID_COLUMN_COUNT,
+        description="New tile width in grid columns (markdown only)",
+    )
+    height: int | None = Field(
+        None, ge=1, description="New tile height in 8-pixel grid units 
(markdown only)"
+    )
+    text: str | None = Field(None, description="New header text (header only)")
+    header_size: Literal["SMALL_HEADER", "MEDIUM_HEADER", "LARGE_HEADER"] | 
None = (
+        Field(None, description="New header text size (header only)")
+    )
+    background: Literal["BACKGROUND_TRANSPARENT", "BACKGROUND_WHITE"] | None = 
Field(
+        None, description="New header band background (header only)"
+    )

Review Comment:
   Confirmed and fixed in 2cb3e845442320e889bdbbea76b27ef05a9b287b. 
DashboardComponentUpdateSpec requires at least one non-null update field 
besides id, with a clear validation error. Three MCP-boundary regression cases 
cover ID-only, one null field, and all-null fields, asserting no dashboard 
lookup or commit. Documentation updated. Dashboard unit suite: 714 passed; 
pre-commit passes across all branch-changed files, including mypy.



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