On Fri, Jan 19, 2018 at 8:24 AM, Charles R Harris <charlesr.har...@gmail.com > wrote:
> > > On Fri, Jan 19, 2018 at 7:48 AM, Matthew Brett <matthew.br...@gmail.com> > wrote: > >> Hi Chuck, >> >> Thanks for the replies, they are very helpful. >> >> On Fri, Jan 19, 2018 at 1:51 PM, Charles R Harris >> <charlesr.har...@gmail.com> wrote: >> > >> > >> > On Fri, Jan 19, 2018 at 6:41 AM, Charles R Harris >> > <charlesr.har...@gmail.com> wrote: >> >> >> >> >> >> >> >> On Fri, Jan 19, 2018 at 3:30 AM, Matthew Brett < >> matthew.br...@gmail.com> >> >> wrote: >> >>> >> >>> Hi, >> >>> >> >>> Sorry for my confusion, but I noticed (as a result of the discussion >> >>> here [1]) that np.rint and the fallback C function [2] seem to round >> >>> to even. But - my impression was that C rint, by default, rounds down >> >>> [3]. Is numpy rint not behaving the same way as the GNU C library >> >>> rint? >> >>> >> >>> In [4]: np.rint(np.arange(0.5, 11)) >> >>> Out[4]: array([ 0., 2., 2., 4., 4., 6., 6., 8., 8., 10., 10.]) >> >>> >> >>> In [5]: np.round(np.arange(0.5, 11)) >> >>> Out[5]: array([ 0., 2., 2., 4., 4., 6., 6., 8., 8., 10., 10.]) >> >> >> >> >> >> The GNU C documentation says that rint "round(s) x to an integer value >> >> according to the current rounding mode." The rounding mode is >> determined by >> >> settings in the FPU control word. Numpy runs with it set to round to >> even, >> >> although, IIRC, there is a bug on windows where the library is not >> setting >> >> those bits correctly. >> > >> > >> > Round to even is also the Python default rounding mode. >> >> Do you mean that it is Python setting the FPU control word? Or do we >> set it? Do you happen to know where that is in the source? I did a >> quick grep just now without anything obvious. >> > > I can't find official (PEP) documentation, but googling indicates that in > Python 3, `round` rounds to even, and in Python 2 it rounds up. See also > https://docs.python.org/3/whatsnew/3.0.html. > Note that this applies to floating point operations in general where there are usually a couple of extra guard bits for the mantissa, and the mantissa is the result of rounding to even. The reason for this choice is that always rounding in the same direction leads to a small consistent bias, whereas rounding to even effectively randomizes the error. One grows order N, the other as the square root. Chuck
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