@ Pauli and @ Colin: Sorry for the late reply. I was busy in some other assignments. # As far as normalization by(n) is concerned then its common assumption that the population is normally distributed and population size is fairly large enough to fit the normal distribution. But this standard deviation, when applied to a small population, tends to be too low therefore it is called as biased. # The correction known as bessel correction is there for small sample size std. deviation. i.e. normalization by (n-1). # In "electrical-and-electronic-measurements-and-instrumentation" by A.K. Sawhney . In 1st chapter of the book "Fundamentals of Meausrements " . Its shown that for N=16 the std. deviation normalization was (n-1)=15 # While I was learning statistics in my course Instructor would advise to take n=20 for normalization by (n-1) # Probability and statistics by Schuam Series is good reading. Regards ~ymk
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