I've had a pretty similar idea for a new indexing function 'split_classes' which would help in your case, which essentially does

    def split_classes(c, v):
        return [v[c == u] for u in unique(c)]

Your example could be coded as

    >>> [sum(c) for c in split_classes(label, data)]
    [9, 12, 15]

I feel I've come across the need for such a function often enough that it might be generally useful to people as part of numpy. The implementation of split_classes above has pretty poor performance because it creates many temporary boolean arrays, so my plan for a PR was to have a speedy version of it that uses a single pass through v.
(I often wanted to use this function on large datasets).

If anyone has any comments on the idea (good idea. bad idea?) I'd love to hear.

I have some further notes and examples here: https://gist.github.com/ahaldane/1e673d2fe6ffe0be4f21

Allan

On 02/12/2016 09:40 AM, Sérgio wrote:
Hello,

This is my first e-mail, I will try to make the idea simple.

Similar to masked array it would be interesting to use a label array to
guide operations.

Ex.:
 >>> x
labelled_array(data =
  [[0 1 2]
  [3 4 5]
  [6 7 8]],
                         label =
  [[0 1 2]
  [0 1 2]
  [0 1 2]])

 >>> sum(x)
array([9, 12, 15])

The operations would create a new axis for label indexing.

You could think of it as a collection of masks, one for each label.

I don't know a way to make something like this efficiently without a
loop. Just wondering...

Sérgio.


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