1. AHC doesn't have any local filter that implements LocalFilterComponent, RawClusterProducer and so on, how can I achieve that, form a very superficial point of view it seem that nobody uses AHC class?,
No. We added local interfaces after AHC was implemented. It wasn't maintained afterwards. So, you'd have to look in the code of a servlet that implements AHC and write a corresponding local component to it.
2. How do the stopwords and stemmers work for STC ?
If I recall correctly, STC in its remote version relies on the input XML stream having all the metadata with linguistic information. With the local component... I honestly don't remember off the top of my head even though I wrote it myself (a few years ago).
I'll work on a local demo application later this week -- I'll publish the sources, so you'll be able to see how the local controller works and how various components are configured. We may even create a separate repository to collaborate and then prepare a patch to Nutch trunk.
I will start working on this later this week. D.