Veja em 
http://br.groups.yahoo.com/group/teoremalista/files/primality.
pdf
o artigo que mostra e como funciona o algoritmo.


PRIMES is in P
Manindra Agrawal, Neeraj Kayal and Nitin Saxena
Department of Computer Science & Engineering
Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
Kanpur-208016, INDIA
August 6, 2002

Abstract
We present a deterministic polynomial-time algorithm that 
determines 
whether an input number
n is prime or composite.
"The problem of distinguishing prime numbers from composite 
numbers 
and of resolving the latter into
their prime factors is known to be one of the most important 
and 
useful in arithmetic. It has engaged
the industry and wisdom of ancient and modern geometers to 
such an 
extent that it would be super
uous
to discuss the problem at length... Further, the dignity of 
the 
science itself seems to require that every
possible means be explored for the solution of a problem so 
elegant 
and so celebrated."
- Karl Friedrich Gauss, Disquisitiones Arithmeticae, 1801 
(translation from [Knu98])








 
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