dear who may concern I made my own ca.key & ca.crt for rootCA and I tried .. # openssl ca -in aaa.csr -out aaa.crt and I got 'zero byte' aaa.crt. How do I get correct aaa.crt from aaa.csr with my own rootCA sincerely yours atanos ______________________________________________________________________ OpenSSL Project http://www.openssl.org User Support Mailing List [EMAIL PROTECTED] Automated List Manager [EMAIL PROTECTED]