Hi list,

I have a rather simple question regarding X.509 subjects that is not
entirely clear to me and for which I cannot find the appropriate
reference (pointers greatly appreciated). The trouble starts when trying
to compare two subjects of *different* certificates for equality and
becomes worse when certain fields are appearing more than once. To
clarify, by "equal" I mean 'should behave in exactly the same way by all
well-behaved implementations.

Let's start easy. Consider the following subjects:

subject1= /C=SE/O=FooBar/OU=BarFoo/CN=moo.koo.com
subject2= /C=SE/OU=BarFoo/CN=moo.koo.com/O=FooBar

Are these to be considered equal or not? I.e.: Does the order of
elements matter? Does the order matter when fields are duplicate, i.e. are:

subject1= /CN=foo/CN=bar
subject2= /CN=bar/CN=foo

equal?

If they are not equal, does the first one have a special meaning? For
example, assume a webserver with a duplicate common name field. Are both
names valid as the server name then? I.e. could I access a webserver
with the certificate subject as stated above by DNS "foo" *and* "bar" or
only by one of them?

One reason to ask for equality is that there maybe is a certificate X:

issuerX = /O=myCA/OU=greatCA/CN=not
subjectX= /CN=foo/CN=bar

and it has a valid signature by a CA with the following subject:

issuerX = /OU=greatCA/O=myCA/CN=not

Is the certificate signature then valid?

Any help is greatly appreciated!

Best regards,
Joe
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