On Dec 2004, at 12:45 AM, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
The reality of evolution is well documented. The mechanisms are fairly well understood at this point. Studies of fossils, field studies, genetic analyses, and experimentation show evolution at work on all time scales.
As I remind my students every semester: if you wish to discard natural selection as an operating mechanism, then those of you interested in the daily practices of plant or animal breeding, crop selection, hybridization, genomics, veterinary or human medicine, or biology in general have missed the reality boat; drown happy, while praying for nothing! If you wish to discount natural selection, fine, but you must then discount every aspect of human societal development involving domestication of plants and animals. Everything in eating and surviving for the last 15 000 years, from bringing bread and cheese to the urbanites that think food comes from China via Wal-Mart to contemporary advances in medical science are premised on the fact of innate variability and selectability, naturally or anthropogenically, of various biological components and attributes at the molecular, tissue and organismal levels.
Unfortunately plants leave fewer fossils than animals, so paleobotany gives few clues about the origins of Orchids, . . .
The first part of this assertion may be accurate if we exclude fossils of marine organisms. In comparison to non-marine animals, plants have a rich, diverse, and lengthy fossil record. Indeed, orchid fossils are scarce or unknown. But that is also true for the vast majority of organisms. To become fossilized an organism must be in the right place at the right time under environmental circumstances that are conducive to fossilization; this is Paleo 101. Orchids, as we know them now anyway, simply do not generally live in situations that are amenable to providing fossilization opportunities. The simple statistical probabilities of an individual becoming fossilized are amazing, and then try to calculate the probability the informative sexual organs of an orchid getting fossils in a manner that would provide unequivocal information! Then, there is also the problem of paleobotanists not yet having found a good spot; witness the recent discoveries of new dino's, fish, birds, etc., based on excavations at new sites in northwest China! Nevertheless, orchids have long been subjects of natural history intrigue, be they fertility rights or phylogenetic methodology.
Now, I really must get back to preparing for the former Saturnalia usurped in the late 3rd century.
<x-tad-bigger>"I would rather be the offspring of two apes than be a man and afraid to face the truth."
Henry Huxley to Archbishop Wilberforce, 30 June 1860.
</x-tad-bigger>
Paul
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