Joe, To back you up, Appendix 5, Table 3 0n p. 145 of Donald W. Engels, "Alexander the Great and the Logistics of the Macedonian Army" Berkeley: U. California Press, 1978, gives The Army's Grain, Forage and Water Requirement for One Day Personnel - 3 lb. grain, 1/2 gal.(5 lb.) water Cavalry, Baggage and Provision animals - 20 lb. grain and forage 8 gal. (80 lb.) water He based his numbers on RAOC sources from just before WW I, based, as was Gen. Fuller's personal experience, on the Royal Army Ordnance requirements set down on the Northwest Frontier in India. On pp. 57-8 he describes the formidable problems Alexander faced moving from Tyre to Gaza, even given the August harvest time date. Access of the troops and animals to the water courses appears to be a nightmare. The siege of Gaza was the worst of all, solved by his fleet, now available after Tyre, coasting along beside his walking assets, carrying grain, fodder and water. We moderns would not like to be downwind or downwater of the 60,000+ men and 6,000+ war horses. Regards, Tom Simms For private reply, e-mail to "Tom Simms" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> ---------------------------------------------------------------- To unsubscribe from Orion, e-mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with the message: "unsubscribe Orion." Archives are on the Orion Web site, http://orion.mscc.huji.ac.il.