|
milist pb yth,
ada informasi ttg bahan bakar utk kendaraan
bermotor.
semoga berguna
Toto
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From: Setiadi
Subject: [milis-otomotif] Kualitas bensin yang baik?
{01} Dari dulu saya selalu bertanya mengenai kualitas bensin yang baik.
Apakah hanya dari oktan (RON) saja? Ternyata tidak.
Ini saya ambil dari mobil.com
GASOLINE PRODUCT KNOWLEDGEGasoline Quality Gasoline blended for today's engines is required to:
The performance of the gasoline is determined by its antiknock quality (burn smoothly), its volatility (ignite readily, form a combustible mixture, and burn smoothly), and its detergency (protect the fuel delivery system). Antiknock Antiknock (also known as octane rating) is the measure of a gasoline's ability to resist knock or ping during combustion. The higher the octane rating, the greater the engine's resistance to knock/ping. The knocking or pinging in an engine occurs when the air/fuel mixture prematurely detonates. Since it is the gasoline vapor that ignites, the air/fuel mixture must be correct to burn smoothly. When the pressure and temperature in the combustion chamber become too great for the unburned air/fuel, it explodes violently causing knocking and pinging. Some of the problems associated with knock are: Increased loss of heat from the combustion chamber to the surrounding engine parts, resulting in a loss of power. Overheating of engine parts such as valves, pistons and spark plugs. Strain on engine parts, pistons (burned), valves and spark plugs. Knock is caused by either a low octane level of the gasoline, or engine/environmental factors. If the octane is sufficient and knock still occurs, one of the factors listed below could be the cause:
Most manufacturers will specify in the owner's manual a minimum octane to be used with their automobiles. This recommendation, however, is based on a new engine under normal operating conditions. Some automobiles will not operate smoothly on the gasoline octane specified by the manufacturer and the customer may have to purchase a higher octane product. Mobil's current octane ratings in California are as follows:
Octane rating can be determined by several different methods. The most common are the Research and Motor methods: Research - A one cylinder laboratory test engine operating under relatively mild conditions. Motor - Same one cylinder laboratory test engine is used but under more severe operating conditions and at higher speeds. The octane number that is required by law to be posted on all gasoline dispensers (yellow decal) is called the Antiknock Index, which is determined as follows: Research Method plus Motor Method divided by 2, thus; (R + M) /2 This R + M divided by 2 number represents the minimum road octane number. Volatility The second major performance characteristic of gasoline is its volatility, or the rate at which it vaporizes at a given temperature. The volatility of a gasoline is important because the liquid gasoline must be mixed with air (vaporized) in order to burn in the engine. Liquid gasoline will not burn. The volatility characteristics of a gasoline are of importance with respect to driveability performance. Gasoline with high volatility vaporizes more readily than one with low volatility. In hot weather, gasoline that is too volatile can cause vapor lock and stalling. Conversely, in cold weather, a gasoline that is not volatile enough may cause hard starting and poor warmup. In other words, in the winter months, a car's engine is extremely cold before startup. The gasoline must have a high enough volatility to be able to vaporize easily in a cold engine environment. Therefore, the volatility is carefully balanced on a seasonal and geographic basis, to provide the correct vaporization characteristics to ensure proper operation. Detergency Detergency is the performance characteristic of a gasoline that cleans and protects the fuel delivery system, including the carburetor, fuel injectors, intake valves and intake port areas. A gasoline detergent is fundamentally like a household detergent. It is a molecule that affixes itself to dirt particles. And, as gasoline passes through a car's engine, the molecule cleans away the dirt particles and helps to prevent any harmful deposit build-up. In fact, it's been proven that due to gasoline detergents, engines...
Mobil has continually improved its gasoline additive package to meet the demand of higher performance engines, from the introduction of Super Unleaded detergent gasolines in the late sixties to the development of Super Unleaded +. Mobil's current detergent additive package helps keep fuel injectors and intake valves clean. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), through the Clean Air Act, has required that Deposit Control Additives (DCAs)--or detergents--be added to all gasolines starting January 1, 1995. The State of California, for instance, has required DCAs for the past three years. As a result of these detergents and other gasoline anti-polluting enhancements, California's exhaust emissions have been lowered by 20 to 30 percent versus the mid-1980's. Gasoline detergents can do such a great job at cleaning engines that engine builders are now requesting them for their cars. Engine builders especially like the fact that detergents improve driveability and lower exhaust emissions. -- ~~~~~~ PRODUKSI BERSIH (PB) MAILING LIST ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Posting = [EMAIL PROTECTED] Berhenti = Kirim Email kosong ke mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Berlangganan = Kirim Email kosong ke mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Administrator = mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Arsip = http://www.mail-archive.com/[email protected]/ FORLINK @ http://www.forlink.dml.or.id Environmental News @ http://forlink.dml.or.id/e-news/ Forum KMB Indonesia @ http://www.forumkmb.dml.or.id Bursa Limbah Indonesia @ http://www.w2p.dml.or.id ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
