[PB] ERGONOMICS ASSESSMENT {01}

[Magyartoto Tersiawan]

PE 417: ERGONOMICS ASSESSMENT Objective: to gain a good fit of worker and job. Poor fit will cause problems maybe not today, but down the road. Indicators of problems: Pain, tingling, swelling, other discomforts Back, shoulder, neck strains Hand, wrist, other problems Actions to watch for Trends = does it happen the same way frequently = look at data in reports of incidents etc CTD’s = cumulative trauma disorders = may take a while to show up Sick days increase Turnover rates = are people quitting or leaving or refusing to do things Work station changes = makeshifts by workers indicate problems Product quality = decreasing? Why Repetitive tasks = manual handling excess will usually result in CTD’s Posture = do they look normal = neutral = not just sitting, but hand position and other body parts Hand force = how much needed and position Mechanical stress = resting arms on table edge Grasping or pinching devices = similar to hand force Extreme temperatures = cold or hot means body must adjust Vibrating tools = can tool absorb so not transferred to operator Materials Handling = better to design job properly than try to train people to do it correctly, so avoid the following: Lift from floor Lift heavy weights/bulky objects Lift while twisting Lift above shoulders/seated Push/pull loads Bend then lift Work spaces factors Work platforms Equipment controls Work surfaces Leg room Posture in the neutral position Body relaxed Arms loose Wrists straight Shoulders relaxed Elbows close to body Spine straight Neck straight   Standing use Anti-fatigue mats Work surface below elbows Elevate one foot = takes stress off back Sitting Seat surface = cloth as oppose to allowing sliding of butt Woven fabric Unrestricted movement swivel etc. Rounded slightly elevated front Knees bent Seat height adjustable Foot rests Lower back support = curved with lumbar support Displays and controls Displays grouped together Symbols easy to see Controls grouped with display Space between controls Controls permit movement Cowls to prevent glare Hand controls emphasizing/allowing for precision and speed = use amplifier to provide gain Foot controls provide greater effort if high force required No FAST PACED decision requirements   Minimize hand stress by using neutral position that doesn’t require high force or repetitive tasks   Tool Guidelines Training = so worker does it correct Handles = bent, squeezing screw drivers, Wrists straight Bars or grip switches Handles extend past palm Pinch points Pressure on back of hand rather than fingers Balanced power tools Excessive vibration Whole body vibration Springs or compressive pads Structural materials = designed in Floor mats Seat cushions/springs = air cushioned seats or cabs for over road trucks Video display terminals Minimize glare = cowls, smoky screens Tilt monitors = at or below eye level Adjust screen Adjust distance Adjust keyboards and seats = position according to reach and allow position change Lighting Adequate, but not excessive Adjustable blinds No direct or reflected light Shade light sources Reflect light down Additional light at work stations = avoid shadows Written materials easy to read = size and color Written instructions perpendicular (up and down) to viewer     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ DANA MITRA LINGKUNGAN {Friends of the Environment Fund} Pusat Niaga Duta Mas Fatmawati, Blok B1/12 Jl. RS. Fatmawati 39, Jakarta 12150 - INDONESIA Telp. : (62-21) 724 8884, 724 8885 | Fax. : (62-21) 724 8883 Email : [EMAIL PROTECTED] | URL# http://www.dml.or.id   Konperensi ke 4 APRCP @ http://aprcp.dml.or.id FORLINK @ http://forlink.dml.or.id Bursa Limbah @ http://w2p.dml.or.id Forum KMB Indonesia @ http://forumkmb.dml.or.id Join Milis PB, kirim email ke mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ----- Original Message ----- From: hidayat istirahardjo To: PB List Member Sent: Tuesday, November 05, 2002 12:18 PM Subject: [PB] PP63_2000 {02} Apakah PB masih aktif? karena saya tidak pernah lagi mendapatkan informasi baru. 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