Edwina and Mary L, I agree with the points that both of you have made. ET> It is extremely difficult to come to a final conclusion about which meaning is 'right'. For an essay or book about Peirce, it's important to discuss his original terminology and not claim that any of the 21st c. terms are identical to Peirce's. But mathematics is an exception. Any terms that are defined with formally equivalent definitions are indeed exactly equivalent. That is also true of the first-order subset of formal (mathematical) logic. But there are some areas of mathematics and logic, where Peirce was exploring new territory, and there is room for doubt. ET> But - it's not merely when we are writing for a 21st audience that we have to consider what is 'prevailing with most of the co-workers'... in disciplines such as physics, biology, artificial intelligence, economics and societal research. Yes. In those areas, we should not claim that any of the new terms are identical to any of the terms that Peirce used. ML> One glaring exception is Peirces change from the word pragmatism to the word pragmaticism. It came after FCS Schiller, not the musician, warped the meaning in his collection of essays on pragmatism that he titled humanism. In that collection he relegated Peirce to a footnote but attacked him ad hominin. I agree. But Peirce considered the definition by William James to "broaden" his original definition. See the definition of 'pragmatism' by CSP and WJ in Baldwin's dictionary: https://www.gnusystems.ca/BaldwinPeirce.htm#Pragmatism In effect, Peirce admitted the definition by James to be accepted as the broader definition, and his own term 'pragmaticism' to be a specialization of it. John
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