Eugene Coyle writes: >One of the earliest environmental pieces is by Oliver Goldsmith about the >expropriation of another commons: > >from The Deserted Village (snip) This connection between the capitalism vs. the Indians discussion and the "deserted village" (the abandoned English countryside) tells me that we should link the former to Marx's discussion of primitive accumulation in England, at the end of CAPITAL, vol. I. The Indians, that is, are receiving the bloody brunt of primitive accumulation (PA). Unless, of course, they fight back with Indian bingo or whatever. One thing that's noticeable about Marx's discussion is that he's shed the technological-determinist approach of some of his earlier works ("handmill gives you feudalism," yadda yadda) and that "the enlightened one" seems to cling to. In desperate brevity, PA is a political movement that sets off an economic movement. Thus, the possibility exists for a counter-PA political movement that unifies the Indians with the urban working class, pressuring the state from below to fight not only PA but the normal exploitative accumulation that characterizes capitalism. Maybe something like that is happening in Brazil with the Workers Party. (I'm afraid that one of Louis' many missives may have had information about this but I forgot it or never read it because there were so many.) I wish boddhi ("the enlightened one") would give up his extremely-irritating pretensions and meditate on Socrates' dictum that "all I know is that I know nothing" for awhile. Even better, he could start using a pseudonym on pen-l, such as "Kevin." in pen-l solidarity, Jim Devine [EMAIL PROTECTED] & http://clawww.lmu.edu/Departments/ECON/jdevine.html