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Bid now! http://click.topica.com/aaaauXbz8SnrbAjwjxa/uBid ------------------------------------------------------------ __________________________________________________________________________ The Internet Anti-Fascist: Friday, 4 August 2000 Vol. 4, Number 63 (#448) __________________________________________________________________________ Book Review: Efraim Zuroff's "The Response of Orthodox Jewry in the United States to the Holocaust: The Activities of the Vaad ha-Hatzala Rescue Committee, 1939-1945" reviewed by Yair Sheleg (Ha'aretz), 28 Jul 00 Real Political Correctness: Kalinga Seneviratne (IPS), "Australian Radio Concession to Christian Group Stirs Resentment," 23 Jun 00 Rightwing Quote of the Week: Kykekiller, "The Jews Downed the Concorde," 27 Jul 00 What's Worth Checking: 15 Stories -------------------------------------------------------------------------- BOOK REVIEW: The Response of Orthodox Jewry in the United States to the Holocaust: The Activities of the Vaad ha-Hatzala Rescue Committee, 1939-1945 Efraim Zuroff Yeshiva University Press and Ktav 2000 Storm in a streimel Yair Sheleg (Ha'aretz) 28 Jul 00 The ultra-Orthodox press has been up in arms for the past two months over a book which has so far been published only in English, which is why Israelis who are not Haredim or English-speakers are probably not familiar with it. The title sounds innocent enough: "The Response of Orthodox Jewry in the United States to the Holocaust: The Activities of the Vaad ha-Hatzala Rescue Committee, 1939-1945." And yet the book has unleashed cries of "blood libel," accusations that the author, Dr. Efraim Zuroff, cares only about publicity, and comparisons between Zuroff and Holocaust-denier David Irving.Despite the seriousness and absurdity of these charges against a man who has devoted his life to the Holocaust (Zuroff heads the Jerusalem branch of the Simon Wiesenthal Center and is one of the few Nazi hunters left in the world), it is not hard to understand the motives. Zuroff's book (published by Yeshiva University Press and Ktav) touches on a very sensitive nerve among the Haredim: the conduct of this community during the Holocaust. His central argument is that Haredi separatism and support of yeshiva students at the expense of rescuing Jews in general was a notable phenomenon - even in those trying times. The focus of the book is Vaad ha-Hatzala, a rescue committee founded by the Orthodox community in the United States in November 1939, just as World War II erupted. The very fact of its inception, says Zuroff, posed competition to the United Jewish Appeal (UJA), which had been organized only 10 months earlier (in January 1939) in response to the Kristallnacht pogroms. A separate committee was needed, the Haredim claimed, because most of the aid extended by the UJA went into the establishment of soup kitchens, and it was beneath the dignity of rabbis and yeshiva students to stand on line for handouts. Early on, the Haredim promised that they would not compete with the UJA and would do their fundraising only in Haredi circles, which in any case were not part of the congregational network targeted by the UJA. They soon realized, however, that without fundraising in the greater Jewish community they would never collect a substantial sum of money, so they broke their promise and began to send fundraisers to non-Haredi congregations, too. At the beginning of the war, most non-Hasidic yeshiva students in Europe were concentrated in Lithuania, which was independent and neutral until the Soviet occupation in June 1940. Considered a safe haven, Polish yeshiva students also fled there when Poland was invaded by the Germans. Zuroff points out that the emissaries of Vaad ha-Hatzala made the rounds of the Jewish communities begging for a separate contribution to "save the Torah world." The Joint Distribution Committee (JDC), the central arm of the UJA, provided for the upkeep of all the Jews of Lithuania at that time, including the yeshiva students, he emphasizes. This separate drive was not needed for survival, but to free the yeshiva students from the necessity of going out to work. Indeed, the yeshivas in Lithuania tried to conceal the fact that they were receiving funding from a separate source, fearing that the JDC would cut back its subsidies. And yet it was clear that the JDC knew about this extra funding. Their offices were inundated by letters from Jewish congregations throughout the United States, asking how they should respond to these fundraising efforts. The JDC found itself in a dilemma. On the one hand, it was not happy about such activity. On the other, it was not anxious for the American public to witness discord in the Jewish community at the height of the war in Europe. The matter was passed over in silence, and the Haredim did a fine job of exploiting this "weakness." The Soviet occupation of Lithuania in 1940 increased concern for the yeshiva students (Zuroff says that they were more worried about the Communists than about a Nazi takeover). Dr. Zorah Wahrhaftig, a religious Zionist, was able to secure exit permits and Japanese visas for some 2,000 yeshiva students. Later, he managed to transfer some of them to Shanghai, where they stayed throughout the war. Although they had found a safe refuge in China, writes Zuroff, Vaad ha-Hatzala continued to send them money which could have been used to save Jews in occupied Europe. A frantic resettlement race was going on at the time, Zuroff says. European Jews who had been living in relative safety before the Nazis arrived were quickly assembled and moved out of harm's way. Large sums of money were needed for this purpose, mainly to bribe border officials, but thousands of Jewish lives were saved in this manner. Obviously, the more money there was to finance such operations, the more people could be saved. It turns out that in the first 10 months of 1944, Vaad ha-Hatzala transferred $240,000 to occupied Europe for this purpose, but at the same time, it transferred $110,000 to the refugees in Shanghai and $155,000 to other Jews who fled Asiatic Russia - people who may have been hard up, but whose lives were not in danger. Again, the pattern repeated itself. These refugees were provided with basic provisions from the JDC, and the money from Vaad ha-Hatzala saved them from having to work for a living. With Vaad assistance, the income of a yeshiva student in Shanghai was four times higher than any other Jewish refugee who came to Shanghai. With all his criticism, Zuroff has some good things to say about the Haredi leadership. He gives the community leaders credit, for example, for their willingness (albeit partial, and after many misgivings), to pursue the Japan option at a time when Lithuania was still considered safe and the JDC felt the undertaking was unnecessary and too costly. Apart from that, he points out that the leaders of the Orthodox community in the United States were the only leaders to publicly denounce the American government for inaction while the Jews of Europe were being annihilated, and to hold a protest march in Washington on October 6, 1943 (although the march would not have taken place if Irgun activists from Palestine, headed by Hillel Kook, had not organized it). Other Jewish groups sufficed with working behind the scenes, and even torpedoed a meeting of Haredi leaders with President Roosevelt out of fear that the Jews would be accused of double loyalty and harming the U.S. war effort. Haredi outrage has much to do with these positive achievements. The Haredim claim that the book emphasizes this worthy conduct, whereas Zuroff, in his interviews since the book's publication, has drawn attention to the negative aspects - for the sake of publicity, his detractors say. The American Jewish historian, Dr. David Kranzler (a religious Jew who is considered a supporter of the Haredim although he is not Haredi himself), wrote a critique on the book which was published in The Jerusalem Post and quoted several times in the ultra-Orthodox press. Kranzler defends the Haredi community, saying it was only natural for a group to have the interests of its own members at heart. The Zionists and the Bundists did the same, and one would not expect the Haredim, whose financial and organizational abilities were limited in any case, to act any differently. At the same time, Vaad ha-Hatzala discovered rescue channels that other organizations had not tried yet, in some cases out of fear. The work of the Vaad made these channels available to others. The Haredim, says Kranzler, were the only Jews in America who dared to send food parcels to the Jews of occupied Poland, although the British objected on the grounds that the parcels might fall into the hands of the German army. He also points out that JDC aid to Shanghai began long after the Jews had arrived, again because of the fear of violating money transfer laws. The Haredim were the first ones to use forged South American passports to smuggle Jews into these countries. When other rescue bodies saw the trick worked, they jumped on the bandwagon, but only much later. Jonathan Rosenblum, a Haredi journalist who waged a running battle with Zuroff on the pages of The Jerusalem Post and took part in a frontal debate with him at Emunah College in Jerusalem, accuses Zuroff of taking the Haredi leadership to task over a small sum sent to yeshiva students instead of asking what happened to the money raised by other Jewish organizations. "He attacks the Haredim over $100,000 transferred to Shanghai, and doesn't ask where the $64 million raised by the general Jewish leadership went to," says Rosenblum. "Was it invested in rescue operations? Why didn't the general leadership use forged Paraguayan passports?" Zuroff admits that most of the criticism of the Haredi community is directed not at the book but at remarks he made after its publication. He denies, however, that it is related to the difference in the way the Haredim were portrayed. "It's true that there is a certain gap between the book and the interviews, because the book deals with history," says Zuroff. "Vaad ha-Hatzala's historical record was mixed: real accomplishments but also questionable dealings. What infuriated them in the interviews was not my criticism of their actions back then. It was my inference that the attitude of the Haredim to Holocaust Day derives not just from halakhic objections to the way the day is marked, but from being super-sensitive about the Holocaust because of grave mistakes made by their leaders during that period. That's what they can't forgive me for." In probing the work of Vaad ha-Hatzala and the plight of yeshiva students in occupied Europe, Zuroff also addresses the question of why most of the yeshiva students remained in Lithuania (and eventually went to their deaths), although they were offered Japanese transit visas. The Mir Yeshiva was the only one which moved in its entirety and managed to save all its students. Only a handful of students in other yeshivas accepted the offer and saved themselves, although in doing so, they disobeyed their rabbis. Zuroff actually dismisses the claim that the heads of these yeshivas stayed put for "theological" reasons or out of fundamental opposition to Zionism. He shows that at the beginning of the war, the heads of certain important yeshivas, among them Rabbi Aharon Kotler and Rabbi Elhanan Wasserman, tried to arrange for visas to Palestine through the Jewish Agency (ultimately collaborating with the Zionists). The problem was that the British mandatory authorities would not permit entire yeshivas into the country, and agreed to admit only a small group of distinguished rabbis. That is how Rabbi Eliezer Schach and Rabbi Eliezer Finkel, the head of the Mir Yeshiva, came to Palestine. Kotler and Wasserman, on the other hand, chose to stay with their students. Later, when Wahrhaftig's proposal came up, the rabbis feared that just by asking for permission to leave, they would anger the Communists and risk having their students exiled to Siberia. At the time, they did not feel their lives were in danger (the Nazis had not yet occupied Lithuania), and they decided that remaining where they were was preferable. That was their reason for turning down the Japan option - not any fundamental objection to leaving. When Rabbi Kotler, head of the Kletzk yeshiva, realized his mistake, it was already too late. He himself did manage to escape to Japan, and from there to the United States (where he became a leading figure in the Haredi world after the Holocaust), through the auspices of a U.S. government effort to rescue members of European Jewry's "cultural elite," but most of his students perished. Rabbi Wasserman, head of the Baranovich yeshiva, opted to remain with his students, and died with them. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- REAL POLITICAL CORRECTNESS: It's from the rightwing authoritarians and always has been Australian Radio Concession to Christian Group Stirs Resentment Kalinga Seneviratne (IPS) 23 Jun 00 SYDNEY -- The Howard government has come under renewed attacks by critics after it agreed to sell a government-owned radio transmitter to a Christian fundamentalist group to broadcast propaganda programs to Asia. Earlier this month, the government of conservative Prime Minister John Howard announced that the powerful Radio Australia shortwave transmitter in the northern Australian city of Darwin will be leased for 10 years to the British-based Christian Vision for an undisclosed sum. The Christian fundamentalist group has a worldwide radio network headed by Bob Edmiston, described as Britain's 85th richest man with a car sales and property business estimated to be worth $470 million. He set up the evangelical group 12 years ago and has already invested more than $65 million of his own wealth in the venture. The Howard government's decision has come under heavy attack in the media here during the last two weeks, with some critics lashing out at what they called its "neo-colonialist" attitude toward its Asian neighbors. Some foreign policy analysts and opposition politicians view it as an insensitive decision at a time of high religious tension in the region. Edmiston has made it clear that he will be using the former Radio Australia transmitter to broadcast programs to Indonesia, Malaysia, India and China. All these countries are currently facing a high degree of religious tension that has already led to violence. Especially in Indonesia and India, for instance, there is deep resentment against Christians who are seen to be supported by outside forces, especially western. Australia's relationship with Indonesia is currently on a knife edge, with deep resentments across the archipelago about Australian "interference" in its domestic affairs, after Canberra's intervention in East Timor last year. Only last week, the Indonesian Parliament basically banned President Wahid from making an official visit to Australia. "Nothing could better illustrate the incomprehension which permeates the view the Howard Government has of our region than the sorry saga of Radio Australia," notes the Sun Herald political analyst Peter Robinson. "Parts of Indonesia are already ablaze in sectarian violence, pitting Christians against Muslims, who make up an overwhelming majority of the Indonesian population. Hundreds of deaths have already occurred and the toll is rising," he points out. "Surely the last thing Australia should be doing at this moment is to lend its imprimatur -- however indirect -- to a powerful radio voice propagandizing the Christian religion." "Broadcasting evangelical Christian messages into countries such as Indonesia will do little to ease tension between Christian and Islamic communities," says opposition Democrats foreign affairs spokeswoman Vicki Bourne. "I'm particularly concerned that we risk Australia being seen as responsible for inflaming such tensions if they result from signals originating from radio bands once occupied by Radio Australia," she added. Shadow Foreign Minister, Labor party's Laurie Brereton, describes the deal as a "bad foreign policy decision by a government with little commitment to positive engagement with Australia's neighbors." In an interview with The Australian newspaper, Edmiston has vowed that his service will respect religious and cultural differences when broadcasting to countries such as Indonesia, the largest Islamic country in the world. But he also hinted that the radio service will be used to mobilize Christians in the region. "There are many Christians in East Timor, Indonesia and India, and the underground Christian church in China is reputed have anything between 50 and 100 million members. We think these people also deserve encouragement and support," says Edmiston. Sensing political and economic fallout from the federal government decision, all political parties in the Northern Territory (where Darwin is located) have lodged a strong protest to Canberra. They called on Foreign Minister Alexander Downer to reconsider the decision. The issue is particularly sensitive for the Northern Territory, whose economy is heavily dependent on its strong economic ties with Indonesia. A private radio giving encouragement and support to religious minorities may not be a bad idea, but many foreign policy analysts say giving it through a foreign government-owned radio transmitter is another thing. They add that this may send Australia's relationship with its Asian neighbors from bad to worse. "For many years Radio Australia was the voice of a nation," observes Robert Macklin of the Canberra Times. "Its replacement by a 'repent or be damned' Christian broadcaster is an act of spiritual aggression to the millions of Muslims in Indonesia, Malaysia, Mindanao (in the Philippines) and elsewhere. It is hard to conceive of a development better calculated to alienate Australia from its neighbors." In a column in the newspaper's forum page last week, Macklin argued that the Howard government has shown Christian fundamentalist tendencies since it came to power. The Radio Australia saga is an interesting merger of the Howard government's cost-cutting exercises stemming from free-market oriented policies and its religious affiliations, in a country where the constitution bars the government from indulging in religious broadcasting. In 1997 the government stopped funding the operations of the Radio Australia transmitter at Darwin to save 1.6 million Australian dollars ($970,000) a year. This although the previous Labor government had invested 13.5 millon Australian dollars ($8.18 million) on it since 1993, to provide a stronger voice for Australia in the Asian region. Since 1997, a private operator has taken over the transmission of Radio Australia programs via a transmitter in Shepperton in central Australia, saving the government some 3 million Australian dollars ($1.8 million) a year. This signal however is mainly transmitted to the South Pacific. Last year, it was forced to rent a transmitter in Taiwan to broadcast programs to East Timor. Radio Australia's boss, Donald McDonald, says that it has approached Christian Vision with a proposal to lease back airtime on the transmitter. Government critics are aghast at this suggestion, saying it will further align the Australian government with the religious broadcaster. Analysts here say many listeners in Asia may not be able to distinguish the government broadcasts from that of the Christian fundamentalist ones. Perhaps the crucial question is the right of a government that is constitutionally banned from establishing any religion, to be facilitating Christian evangelism in a region where we need to tread softly," says James Murray, the religious affairs editor of The Australian. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- RIGHTWING QUOTE OF THE WEEK: For those who believe that fascism is only a thing of the past The Jews Downed the Concorde Kykekiller 27 Jul 00 Usenet post to <alt.politics.white-power> An anonymous source close to the French ministry of the interior has leaked information according to which the mechanic who tested and signed the papers certifying that the flame-spitting motor of the Concorde was okay is a Jew. After signing the certification, he went off for his lunch break and did not return, nor has there been any trace of him since. According to the source, French authorities are working on the theory that the crash was a hit-job by Mossad or circles close to it. -- Kykekiller 'Killing Kykes is my business. My only business.' - - - - - Thus we have Kykekiller posting from an anonymous remailer citing an anonymous French source attacking an anonymous Jew. This level of fascist "scholarship," as those who follow the Holocaust Deniers can attest, is not unusual. Those who see some all-encompassing right of "free speech" for fascists might ask if Kykekillers triple anonymity is a contribution to public discussion over the Concorde crash or the antithesis of such discussion. -- tallpaul -------------------------------------------------------------------------- WHAT'S WORTH CHECKING stories via <ftp://ftp.nyct.net/pub/users/tallpaul/publish/story6/> David Bauder (AP), "NY Cheers Springsteen's Diallo Song," 13 June 00, "Caught in another political storm over his lyrics, The Boss responded by letting his music do the talking. Bruce Springsteen performed his new song about the New York City police killing of Amadou Diallo to a New York City crowd Monday, despite angry police union leaders urging their members to boycott his concert. The New Jersey rocker made no introduction and offered no explanation of his thoughts on the song, 'American Skin (41 Shots).' Springsteen introduced the song last week during a concert in Atlanta. ... The crowd began cheering in recognition of the song and interrupted Springsteen's singing with cheers several times." <1566.txt> Red Action, "Asylum Seekers and Anti-Fascism," 13 June 00, "On June 1, an audit commission report entitled Another Country warned of the political dangers of a breakdown in the compulsary dispersal of asylum seekers. It highlighted in particular the £30 million shortfall between what local councils spent on supporting asylum seekers and what they have managed to reclaim from the government." <1567.txt> AP, "Black Paratroopers Fought Racism," 12 June 00, "White soldiers literally bet against them, wagering that the newly trained black paratroopers would refuse to jump out of airplanes. The all-black, all- volunteer 555th Parachute Infantry Battalion proved them wrong, growing into a fighting force that kept its uniforms more starched and spit-shined than those of their white counterparts, for fear of soiling the battalion's hard-won dignity." <1568.txt> The Guardian, "The Truth and Reconciliation Commission decision on the murder of Ruth First is to be tested in a judicial challenge," 13 Jun 00, "The unexpected amnesty given to one of the most notorious murderers of South Africa's apartheid era is to be challenged with a judicial review, lawyers for the family of two of the victims said yesterday. Craig Williamson, the former police spy, was given amnesty last week for the murders of Ruth First, Jeanette Schoon and her six-year-old daughter, Katryn. The judicial review is being sought on behalf of the Schoon family and will allow for the reopening of a civil case for damages brought against Williamson on behalf of Schoon's son, Fritz, who witnessed the death of his mother and sister." <1569.txt> Matt Born (Daily Telegraph), "Soldiers are held as man dies in club 'race attack'," 19 June 00, "Three soldiers were being questioned by police last night after a man died in an alleged racist attack outside a nightclub. The 34-year-old black man died from head injuries sustained in the attack outside Reflections nightclub in Westbury, Wilts. The soldiers and a fourth man, all aged from 17 to the early 20s, were arrested at the scene. Three are white and one is black. The victim, his 32-year-old brother and a friend aged 30, left the club in an industrial estate on the outskirts of the town, at 2.30am after being subjected to racial abuse, police said." <1570.txt> AP, "'Gladiator,' 'Top Gun' directors apologize for topless ad," 24 June 00, "'Gladiator' director Ridley Scott and his brother, 'Top Gun' director Tony Scott, are apologizing for an anti-union ad they admit was racist and sexist. Their commercial production firm, RSA USA, made 'a huge mistake' in its ad targeting the Screen Actors Guild strike against the advertising industry, they admitted. The ad, which ran in the trade publication Shoot, showed an older black woman's bare chest with the headline: 'In South Africa, this is what SAG means'." <1571.txt> Vietnam Veterans Against the War Memorial Day Activities, 29 May 00, "Twenty-five years ago, the American war in Vietnam ended. The USA dropped more bombs and used more explosives than all sides in WW2. Three million Vietnamese died and three hundred thousand are missing. Ten percent of the land in Vietnam is useless because of Agent Orange. Every year babies are born with defects related to its spraying." <1572.txt> Stephen Buckley (Washington Post), "Brazil slowly confronts racism," 18 June 00, "For most of the 20th century, this multihued nation prided itself on what it called its "racial democracy," in which tolerance and accommodation kept peace between groups despite the yawning socioeconomic gap between blacks and the rest of society. This vision of racial harmony made Brazil the envy of the world. And it was a powerful source of national esteem, especially when Brazilians observed the sometimes explosive racial resentment that has bedeviled the United States. Today, in an extraordinary shift in how this nation views itself, Brazilians no longer deny the pervasive force of race in their society. Tugged along by a torrent of research, Brazilians have come to the startling conclusion in recent years that race affects everything, from education to employment to justice. Blacks in general are burdened with disproportionately high rates of unemployment, illiteracy and infant mortality. And Brazil's poorest blacks are targets of racial stereotypes that often lead to extreme police." <1573.txt> Gregory Kane (Baltimore Sun), "FBI should acknowledge complicity in the assassination of Malcolm X," 14 May 00, "'Farrakhan admits complicity in Malcolm X's murder to his daughter.' So ran the headline of a story in Thursday's edition of The Sun, telling of a "60 Minutes" interview scheduled to run on CBS tonight. If you just went by the headline you would think there was something startling and new in the article. But a reading reveals there's nothing new at all -- that all Farrakhan said was that, through his circa 1965 rhetoric, he helped contribute to the atmosphere of intolerance and hatred that culminated in Malcolm X dying in a broadside of assassins' bullets at the Audobon Ballroom. ... For the folks at CBS, this was a major news story worthy of being sent out on the wires. For those of us who've followed the Nation of Islam (NOI) for years, the news only inspires us to ask CBS and the rest of the media why they don't demand the FBI admit its complicity in Malcolm's murder." <1574.txt> Anti-Fascist Action -- Ireland, "Stop Racist Attacks," 1 May 00, "The past month has seen communities and residents' groups throughout the country organising against immigrants. Asylum seekers have been subjected to vicious rumour-mongering and stereotyping from residents' associations in places as diverse as Dublin 4, Rosslare, Tipperary, Carlow, Kerry, Tramore, Cork and Athlone. Refugees have been accused, on no evidence, of being rapists, child abusers, war criminals and carriers of AIDS and TB. While some residents' groups may be genuinely concerned about local facilities and numbers of asylum-seekers it is clear that blatant racism is at the root of most of the objections." <1575.txt> Todd S. Purdum (NY Times), "Ex-Black Panther Wins Long Legal Battle," 27 Apr 00, "The City of Los Angeles and the federal government have agreed to settle a lawsuit filed by Elmer Pratt, bringing an end to the three-decade legal odyssey of the former Black Panther whose murder conviction was overturned in 1997 after he had spent 27 years in prison, his lawyers said today." <1576.txt> Gudjon Atlason (Human Rights Organization of Immigrants in Iceland and Their Families), "New Nazi Organization Formed In Iceland -- SOS," 28 May 00, "A new nazi organization has been formed in Iceland. Immigrants and other minority groups have been asking out loud for justice and less discrimination over the last few months. The government's harsh aim to keep immigrants as few and with little rights as possible has proved to be true and now a nazi organization is out in the open to fight against immigrants rights." <1577.txt> FYI -- RIGHTWING ANALYSIS: Paul Jackson (Calgary Sun), "Mystery lurks behind protest: Many will be surprised when true nature of demonstrators is known," 2 May 00, "Someone, somewhere -- in the FBI, CIA, RCMP, CSIS, MI5, MI6 and other intelligence and police agencies in the western world -- must be asking a question that one day will unravel with damning consequences. The question is: Who is covertly financing and directing the protest groups that rocked the World Trade Organization (WTO) in Seattle, threatened to close down the International Monetary Fund (IMF) meetings in Washington, and now are focusing on the World Petroleum Congress in Calgary in June? How is it these supposedly motley crews -- looking like the disorganized flotsam and jetsam of the world's radical left -- can be so well organized? What planning goes into shipping thousands of these zealots to Seattle, Washington and soon Calgary? Where did they get their targets and how did they manage communication, travel and accommodation plans on such a vast scale? Who delighted in seeing the carnage in the streets of Seattle, and savours the disruptions that may soon occur upon the streets of Calgary? And why -- in democratic nations like the United States and Canada -- are the representatives of legitimate worldwide organizations being made to perspire and even fear what may befall them?" <1578.txt> AP, "Jackson State Deaths Recalled," 14 May 00, "Time has diminished much of the anger and terror of that night 30 years ago. Two young people died in a barrage of police gunfire after white motorists clashed with black students at Jackson State University." <1579.txt> Peter Neufeld and Barry Scheck (NY Times -- Op Ed), "Better Ways to Find the Guilty," 5 Jun 00, "When Gov. George W. Bush of Texas, who had always denied pleas for reprieves from execution, finally granted onelast week, he made the right call, acknowledging the importance of DNA evidence and the right of a condemned man to ask for testing. Whether or not political considerations of Mr. Bush's presidential campaign were at work, the prisoner, Ricky McGinn, now has time for the tests that might clear him of murder. Of course, depending on the results of the tests, Mr. McGinn could wind up eating another last meal in a few months. And the episode throws just a tiny wedge of light onto a criminal justice system that needs to take an unflinching look at the growing evidence of error. " <1580.txt> * * * * * In accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. section 107, this material is distributed without profit or payment to those who have expressed a prior interest in receiving this information for non-profit research and educational purposes only. __________________________________________________________________________ FASCISM: We have no ethical right to forgive, no historical right to forget. (No permission required for noncommercial reproduction) - - - - - back issues archived via: <ftp://ftp.nyct.net/pub/users/tallpaul/publish/tinaf/> --- Sponsor's Message -------------------------------------- TOO MUCH DEBT? Let this nonprofit help you lower your credit card interest charges and consolidate your payments without a loan. 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